CLASS 10 DEVELOPMENT NOTES
Q1) ‘Health and education indicators have come to be widely
used along with income as a measure of development’. Why?
ANS1) Health and education indicators have come to be widely
used along with income as a measure of development because
development is not only earning income but also being
responsible about what is happening to citizens of a country. It
is people, their intellectual development, their health, their well
being as that is most important.
Q2) What is sustainable development? Why is it important?
ANS2) Sustainable development means that development
should take place without damaging the environment and
development in the present should not compromise with the
needs of future generations. It is important because non-
renewable resources will get exhausted after years of use. We
have a fixed stock on earth which cannot be replenished. That
is why sustainable development is important.
Q3) How does one find out if adults are undernourished?
ANS3) One way to find out if adults are undernourished is to
calculate what nutrition scientists call Body Mass Index (BMI).
This is easy to calculate. Take the weight of the person in kg.
Then take the height in metres. Divide the weight by the square
of the height. If this figure is less than 18.5 then the person
would be considered undernourished. However, if this BMI is
more than 25, then a person is overweight.
Q4) Explain with an example from India that why the present
level of development is not sustainable.
ANS4) Recent evidence in India suggests that the groundwater
is underserious threat of overuse in many parts of the country.
About300 districts have reported a water level decline of over 4
metresduring the past 20 years. Nearly one-third of the country
isoverusing their groundwater reserves. In another 25 years,60
per cent of the country would be doing the same if the
CLASS 10 DEVELOPMENT NOTES
presentway of using this resource continues. Groundwater
overuse isparticularly found in the agriculturally prosperous
regions ofPunjab and Western U.P., hard rock plateau areas of
central and south India, some coastal areas and the rapidly
growingurban settlements. This is not a sustainable
development practise.
Q5) Human Development Report has evolved and changed in
the past decades. Justify the statement.
ANS5) Once it is realised that even though the level of income
is important, yet it is an inadequate measure of the level of
development, we begin to think of other criterion. There could
be a long list of such criterion but then it would not be so
useful. What we need is a small number of the most important
things. Over the past decade or so, health and education
indicators have come to be widely used along with income as a
measure of development. For instance, Human Development
Report published by UNDP compares countries based on the
educational levels of the people, their health status and per
capita income. The idea of development as development is
what is happening to citizens of a country. It is people, their
health, their well being, that is most [Link] is how
Human development Report has changed.
Q6) For many of the important things in life; the best way, also
the cheapest way, is to provide these goods and services
collectively. Justify this statement.
ANS6) I can justify this by stating that it will it be cheaper to
have collective security for the whole locality rather than for
each house to have its own security man. What if no one, other
than me, in my village or locality is interested in studying?
Would I be able to study? Not unless my parents could afford to
send me to some private school elsewhere. So I am actually
able to study because many other children also want to study
and because many people believe that the government should
open schools and provide other facilities so that all children
have a chance to study. That is why For many of the important
CLASS 10 DEVELOPMENT NOTES
things in life the best way, also the cheapest way, is to provide
goods and services collectively.
