MA1024B-23S2 Tutorial 06 Page 1 of 2
Numerical Methods
1. Let f (x) = ln (1 − x).
Pn k
x
(a) Show that Pn (x) = − k=1 ( k ) at x0 = 1.
(b) Find the value of ln (0.5) accurate to 10−6 .
2. Let f (x) = x sinx−cos
(x)−cos (x)
x . Use four-digit chopping arithmetic to evaluate f (0.5). Find
the absolute and relative error where the exact value is give as 1.99134896.
3. Let f (x) = cos (x)
(a) Approximate f (x) by its Taylor polynomial of order 4 about x0 = 0.
(b) Then give an upper bound to the absolute error in the interval [0, 1].
(c) Compare with the actual absolute error at x = 0.1.
4. Use a Taylor polynomial about π
4 to approximate sin (42◦ ) to an accuracy of 10−6 .
5. Find the largest interval in which p∗ must lie to approximate the golden ratio (ϕ)
with the relative error at most 10−5 for each value for p.
6. Let f (x) = 2x cos (2x) − (x − 2)2 and x0 = 0.
(a) Find the 4th Taylor polynomial and use it to approximate f (0.4).
(b) Use the error formula to find an upper bound for the error |f (0.4) − P4 (0.4)|.
Compute the actual absolute error.
7. Suppose that f l(y) is a k-digit rounding approximation to y. Show that,
| y−fyl(y) | ≤ 0.5 × 10(−k+1)
8. Use the four-digit rounding arithmetic to find the most accurate approximation to
the roots of the following quadratic equation.
1.002x2 − 11.01x + 0.01265 = 0
Compute the relative error.
9. Use the four-digit chopping and rounding arithmetic to find the most accurate value
of the following function, f (x) at x = 0.1.
1−cos x
f (x) = x
MA1024B-23S2 Tutorial 06 Page 2 of 2
Multivariate Calulus & PDE
1. The ellipsoid x2 + 4y 2 + 9z 2 = 36 intersects the plane y = 1 at an ellipse.√ Find the
parametric equations of the tangent line to the ellipse at the point (2, 1, 2).
2. Find the points on the hyperboloid x2 + y 2 − z 2 = 1 where the tangent plane is
parallel to the plane x + y + z = 0.
3. (a) Consider the 2D rotation transformation T : R2 → R2 defined by:
T (x, y) = (x cos θ − y sin θ, x sin θ + y cos θ) .
Show that the determinant of the Jacobian matrix JT (x, y) is equal to 1 for all
(x, y).
(b) Consider the function f : R3 → R3 defined by:
f (x, y, z) = x + y + z, x2 + y 2 + z 2 , x3 + y 3 + z 3
Show that the Jacobian matrix Jf (x, y, z) at (1, 1, 1) is singular (i.e., its deter-
minant is zero).
4. Find the Hessian matrix for the function:
f (x, y) = exy + ln(x2 + y 2 )
5. Find the critical points of the following functions and determine their nature if
possible.
(a) f (x, y) = x3 − 3xy 2 + y 3
(b) f (x, y) = x2 y + xy 2 − 4xy
6. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function,
f (x, y) = 3 + 3x + 3y − x2 − y 2
on the triangular region in the first quadrant, bounded by the lines x = 0, y = 0
and y = 6 − x.
7. A rectangular box without a lid is to be made from 12m2 of cardboard. Find the
maximum volume of such a box.
