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1 Short metal "T" beam used in suspended ceiling systems to bridge the spaces
between the main beams Cross Tee
2 Roofing tile which has the shape of an “S” laid on its side Pantile
3 Clay roofing tile approximately semi cylindrical in shape laid in courses with units
having their convex side alternately up and down Mission Tile
4 Groove cut into a board or panel intended to receive the edge of a connecting board Dado
5 Part of the building foundation which forms the permanent retaining wall
of the structure below grade Foundation Wall
6 Part of a foundation system which supports the exterior walls of a superstructure and
bears directly on the column footing Grade Beam
7 Black, tar like waterproofing material applied to the exterior of a foundation wall Dampproofing
8 System of framing a building in which the studs are continuous to
roof supporting second floor joints Balloon Framing
9 System of framing a building on which floor joists of each storey rest on the top plates
of the storey below and the bearing walls and partitions rest on the subfloor of each storey Western Framing
10 An exterior security lock installed on exterior entry doors that can be activated only
with a key or thumb-turn Dead Bolt
11 Rough plaster finish obtained by flinging plaster on a wall with a hand operated machine Tryolean Finish
12 Principal member of the truss which extends from one end to the other
primarily to resist bending Chord
13 Composition of two or more metals fused together usually to obtain a desired property Alloy
14 Horizontal distance from the face of a lock or latch to the center of the knob or lock cylinder Backset
15 Vertical members in a railing used between a top rail and bottom rail or the stair treads Baluster
16 An iron alloy usually including carbon and silicon which has high compressive strength
but low tensile strength Cast Iron
17 Ferrous metal that offers great resistance to abrassion and finds important use in Nickel Steel
the cutting edges of heavy digging tools
18 Commercially pure iron of fibrous nature, valued for its corrosion resistance and ductility Wrought Iron
19 Window or door in which two panes of glass are used with a sealed air space between Double Glass
20 The wall of Intramuros Fortification
21 Concrete slab should have a minimum clearance 15mm
22 Special type of plate girder consisting of tees, angles and multiple web Hybrid Girder
23 Beam that projects beyond one or both its support Cantilever Beam
24 Wall (bearing or non-bearing) designed to resist lateral forces parallel to the wall Shear Wall
25 Modern method of installing wood parquet flooring on wooden boards sub-flooring Gluing/ Pasting
26 Standard height of window sills for office rooms in upper floors 0.90 m
27 Dimension of commercial acoustic boards for aluminum T-runners used for
dropped-ceiling in offices 24" x 48" x 1/2"
28 Horizontal exterior roof overhang Eaves
29 Structural method used for longer span/ interval of columns Post-tensioning
30 Humidification and condensation in exterior walls are minimized by providing: Building paper
sheathing and space
filled
31 Corrugated metal or concrete barrier walls installed around a basement window
to hold back the earth Area Wells
32 Type of slab when the ratio of short span to the long span of a slab is less than 0.50 One-Way Slab
33 Tar paper. Installed under the roof shingles Felt
34 Longitudinal beams which rest on the top chord and preferably at the joints of the truss Purlins
35 The section of which the moment changes from positive to negative Inflection Point
36 Narrow strip of wood applied to cover a joint along the edges of two parallel boards
in the same plane Batten
37 A wood or plywood piece used to fasten the ends of two members together at a Fish Plate or Gusset
38 butt joint with nails or bolts Plate
39 The stressing of unbounded tendons after concrete has cured Post-tensioning
40 The boxing in of covering a joist, beam or girder to give the appearance of a larger beam Beam Blocking
41 Pressure exerted against the underground portion of a building created by
the presence of water in the soil Atmospheric Pressure
42 Window which projects outside the main line of a building and the compartment
in which it is located extends to the floor Bay Window
43 Joint employed to reduce restraint by accommodating movement of masonry walls Control Joints
44 Joint used for adjoining existing building to new building Expansion Joint
45 Joint formed when a concrete surface hardens before the next batch of concrete
is placed against it Cold Joint
46 Joint used when vertical and horizontal surface is reinforced concrete
where concreting was stopped and continued later Construction Joint
47 Joint that is a straight groove which is used on concrete floors to "control" where
the concrete should crack Control Joint
48 Joint formed by overlapping the edges of metal sheet or plated and joining them
by riveting, soldering or brazing Lap Seam

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49 Interior paint that contains a high proportion of pigment and dries to a flat/ lusterless finish Flat Paint
50 Filipino term for horizontal stud Trabe-Anzo
51 Filipino term for floor joist Soleras
52 Filipino term for rabbet Vaciada
53 Filipino term for plastered course Kusturada
54 Filipino term for bottom chord Tirante
55 Filipino term for purlin Reostra
56 Filipino term for eave Alero
57 Filipino term for top chord Tahilan
58 Filipino term for temper (metal work) Poleva
59 Filipino term for plumb line Hulog
60 Filipino term for projection Bolada
61 Filipino term for rafter Kilo
62 Filipino term for baseboard Rodapis
63 Filipino term for alignment Asintada
64 Filipino term for bath tub Baniera
65 Filipino term for brace Pie De Gallo
Pundido (parang
66 Filipino term for cast iron manny)
67 Filipino term for contractor Kontratista (yeah!)
68 Filipino term for downspout Tubo de Banada
69 Filipino term for pattern Plantilya
70 Filipino term for mortar Paupo
71 A steel plate attached to both sides at each joint of a truss Gang Nail Plate
72 Climatic factor that is considered in the structural and architectural design of tall buildings Lightning
73 Dry walls are customarily finished Lath and Plaster
1/4 Ø plastic hose
74 One method of leveling batterboards without the transit is the use of filled w/ water
75 Manual method of squaring the corners of a building lines in building layout 3-4-5 multiples with
the use of steel tape
measure
76 The direction, size, arrangement, appearance, or quality of the fibers in wood Grain
77 The most common materials used for roofing of urban residential houses G.I. Sheets
78 Block or panel type insulating material used in flat roof of commercial or industrial building Corkboard
79 Standard size overlap for corrugated G.I. roofing 1 1/2 corr
80 A continuous recess built into a wall to receive pipes, ducts, etc. Chase
81 Building stone of igneous origin and composed of quartz, hornblende and mica Serpentine
82 Form of brick bond which is composed of alternating courses of headers and stretchers English Bond
83 Form of brick bond which is composed entirely of stretchers Running Bond
84 Form of brick bond which is a variation of a running bond with a full course of headers Common Bond /
at regular intervals American Bond
85 Form of brick bond in which each course is alternately composed of entirely
86 of headers or of stretchers Flemish Bond
87 A notch cut in the end of a rafter to permit it to fit flat on a wall and on the top,
doubled, exterior wall plate Heel Cut
88 A geological or ground condition considered in determining the size and type of
foundation of the building Soil Bearing Pressure
89 Materials excellent as vapor barrier in the roofing system of residential buildings Aluminum Foil Sheets
90 The chief structural materials, used for tall buildings Reinforced Concrete
and High Grade Steel
91 Material that holds less moisture, is very light, less water absorptive capacity Asbestos-Cement
and is very good in sidings of dwelling units Shingles
92 The finished frame surrounding a door Door Jamb
93 A door lock with a spring bolt controlled by one or both knobs and dead bolt
controlled by a key Knob Bolt
94 Door consisting of two separate leaves, one above the other, this leaves may
operate independently or together Dutch Door
95 A twisting force Torsion
95 The appearance concrete makes when rocks in the concrete are visible and where there
are void areas in the foundation wall, especially around concrete foundation windows Honey Combs
97 A barrier or diaphragm formed to prevent the movement of soil to stabilize foundation Sheet Piling
98 Refers to the term stone-cut Wood Siding
99 Standard concrete mix for beams, girders, slabs, stairs and columns AA
### Chord splice connectors for trusses Split-Ring
### A specialized fastener used to pull on to hold mitered joints together Clamp Nail
### Most waterproofed type of mortar joints for wall Weathered
### Rafters laid diagonally from corner of a plate or girts to the ridge Hip Rafter
### The horizontal boards nailed to corner post to assist in the accurate layout of
foundation and excavation lines Batter Boards

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### Columns in which a concrete core is reinforced with a steel or cast-iron core
designed to support a part of load Composite Column
### Instrument or tool capable of vertical and horizontal line check Spirit Level
### A three-dimensional structural system without bearing walls composed of
interconnected laterally supported so as to function as a complete self-contained unit with Space Frame
or without the aids of horizontal diaphragms or floor-bracing system
### The metal latch plate in a door frame into which a doorknob plunger latches Keeper
### The appropriate painting material type for wood surfaces Zinc Chromate
### Coating of commercially made corrugated G.I. sheets, ga. 26, having standard corrugation Aluminum Coating
### Wood flooring finishing material 7 & 6 Wood Planks
### A common paint film defect where progressive powdering from the surface inward occurs Chalking
### Time required for the removal of a form works of a concrete footing 24 hours
### Wall partition wooden framing Studs
### The appropriate paint material for G.I. sheet roofing Acrylic Latex Paint
### The paint finishing material of long-span pre-painted roofing sheet Acrylic Paint
### Hardware used to fasten corrugated asbestos cement roofing sheet on a steel purlin L Hook Bolt
### Hardware used to fasten an asphalt strip roof shingle on wooden sheets/planks Staple Wire
### A type of concrete floor which has no beam Flat Slab
### Tool used for guiding and testing the work to a vertical and horizontal position Level Tool
### Tool for testing and for framing work Steel Square
### Vertical surface on face of a stair step Riser
### The complete records of test conduction (slump, compression test, etc.) shall be
preserved and made available for inspection during the progress of construction and 2 years
after completion of the projects for a period of not less than
### Nominal 1" - 2" thk members connecting opposite roof rafters to stiffen the roof structure Collar Beam
### Thickness of a wood plank 2" to 5"
### Distance from the first to the last riser of a stair flight Run
### A high-speed rotary shaping hand power tool used to make smooth cutting
and curving on solid wood Portable Hand Router
### A mixture of sand and stone and a major component of concrete Aggregate
### The major horizontal supporting member of the floor system Girder
### A wall supporting no load other than its own weight Nonbearing Wall
### A wall that support weight from above as well as their own dead weight Load Bearing Wall
### A wall that holds back on earth embankment Retaining Wall
### A wall which supports vertical loads in addition to its weight without the benefit of
a complete vertical load carrying space frame Bearing Wall
### A non-bearing wall built on a concrete floor Floating Wall
### It is designed to resist lateral forces parallel to the plane of the wall Shear Wall
### The occupancy load which either partially or fully in place or may not be present at all Live Load
### Distance between inflection point in the column when it breaks Effective Length
### The most important component to determine the strength of a concrete mix Cement
### The total of all the tread widths in a stair Total Run
### A pit in a basement floor made to collect water into which a pump is placed
to pump the liquid to the sewer pipe Sump Pit
### The pre-construction of components as a part of a whole Prefabrication
### An opening in the roof for admitting light Skylight
### Wood coming out from trees with needle leaves, rather than broad leaves Softwood
### A kind of brick used for high temperature Firebrick
### A nailer strip incorporated in rough concrete wall to be plastered to act as guide and
support for finish trim around openings and near the base of the wall Plaster Ground
### Distance between two structural supports Span
### Scientific name for wood Xylem
### A small member which divides the glass or openings of sash or doors Muntin
### Roof that has four sloping sides Hip Roof
### Stone placed on a slope to prevent erosion Rip-rap
### A tough used for carrying off water Moat
### The process of removing concrete forms from the cured concrete Stripping
### A structural member spanning from truss-to-truss or supporting rafters Purlin
### A threaded steel bent inserted of masonry construction for securing wood or
metal plates to concrete construction Anchor Bolt
### A horizontal piece of wood, stone, steel or concrete across the top of door or
window opening to bear the weight of the walls above the opening Lintel
### The placing of glass in windows or doors Glazing
### Another word for handmill on a stair construction Banister
### A joint produced by lapping two pieces of materials Lap Joint
### The most common type of hinge where one leaf attaches to the door's edge,
the other to its jamb Butt Hinge
### Lumber that still contains moisture or sap Green Lumber

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### The internal angle formed by the two roof slopes of a roof Valley
### A vertical board attached on the ends of the rafters Facia
### A large heavy nail Spike
### Underwater watertight chamber to allow construction work to be done Caisson
### Lumber specification S4S Smooth on four sides
### The term used to indicate top and lower principal member of a roof or bridge truss Chord
### Strips of hardwood, usually 2x2” laid over a concrete slab floor Wood Saddle
### Miter square is a guiding and testing tool that has a permanent blade set 45
### A beveled metal tongue operated by a spring-loaded knob or lever Latch
### A wall that serves two (2) dwelling units, known also as party wall Common Wall
### The hardware on a door to accommodate the knob and lockset keyhole Escutcheon
### The material used for the process of making watertight the roof intersection and
other exposed areas on the exterior of a building Flashing
### A short wood bracket or cantilever that supports an overhang portion of a roof Lookout
### The term to describe the putting up of the skeleton of the building Formworks
### Wedge-shaped stone of an arch Keystone
### Fireproof door with metal covering Kalomein Door
### The triangular, decorative and supporting member that holds a mantel or horizontal shelf Corbel
### Lumber that is not squared or finished Milled Lumber
### A round steel bolt embedded in concrete or masonry use to hold down machinery,
steel columns or beams, casting, shoes, beams plates and engine heads Foundation Bolt
### Simplest type of fiber carpet weaving where pile forms as the wrap yarns loop over
removable “wires” inserted consecutively across the loom Velvet
### A pretreatment of poured concrete such as walls beams and columns where a thin layer
of lean cement grout mixed with flexible base additives is splattered by tampico brush or Scratch Coat
masonry spoon to the surface to give a “tooth” for excellent plaster adhesion
### A special coating system with a high gloss shine while maintaining the natural wood Polyurethane Floor
qualities, maintenance free, used to finish and topcoat wood flooring Coating
### A type of wood end joint where both wood are cut at equal angles diagonally Scarf
### A type of terazzo floor described by its physical appearance whereby the stone or pebble
is intentionally exposed while the cement matrix is depressed Standard Terazzo
### An extension of a rafter beyond the wall line Outrigger
### A type of window where the ventilating sash rotates 90 degrees to 180 degrees about
the header and sill or about the side jamb Pivoted Window
### Used to fill a joint with mastic or asphalt plastic cement to prevent leaks Caulking
### Type of joint is used to install a glass into a lite of a French window Rabbet
### Water-mixed productwith a ratio of 1:20 to stabilize lime activity in new masonry surface Masonry Neutralizer
### A crosswise groove at the end of a board Notch
### Shutter proof opaque glass used to construct a door with glass to allow natural light only Figured Wired Glass
### The act of excavating or filling of earth or any sound material or combination thereof,
in preparation for a finishing surface such as paving Grading
### Adjustable metal column used to support a beam or bearing point Monopost
### One of a series of parallel framing members used to support ceiling loads and supported Ceiling Joist or Roof
in turn by larger beams, girders or bearing walls Joist
### A floor finish commercially size 1” x 12” x 12” utilizing clay and fired in traditional manner
making interesting and attractive rustic clay shade patterns Vigan Tiles
### Steel element such as wire, cable, bar, rod or strand, or a bundle of such elements,
used to impart prestress to concrete Tendon
### The upper member of a column, pilaster, door cornice, molding, or fireplace Cap
### A trim board that is installed beneath a window sill Apron
### A unit of measure for lumber equal to 1 inch thick by 12 inches wide by 12 inches long Boardfoot
### Frames of wood or metal enclosing part (or all) of a window sash Casement
### The replacement of excavated earth into a trench around or against a basement
or crawl space foundationwall Backfill
### Frame lumber installed between the wall studs to give additional support for drywall or
an interior trim related item, such as handrail brackets, cabinets, and towel bars Backing
### Window with hinges on one of the vertical sides and swings open like a normal door Casement Window
### Horizontal beam rafter that supports shorter rafters Barge
### Window space projecting outward from the walls of a building Bay Window
### Bonding together two or more layers of materials Laminating
### Bottom horizontal member of an exterior wall frame which rests on top a foundation,
sometimes called sill plate Mudsill
### Small-diameter, pre-drilled hole that guides a nail or screw Pilot Hole
### A joist that runs around the perimeter of the floor joists and home Rim Joist
### In a building frame, a structural element that is shorter than usual, as a stud above a door
opening or below a window sill Cripple stud
### Carpentry joint by 2 uneven timbers,each of which is notched at the place where they cross Cogged joint
### A step usually lowest in a flight, having one or both ends rounded to a semi-cricle and
Bull-nosed step

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projecting beyond the face of the stair string/s Bull-nosed step
### A massive concrete wall that resists overturning by virtue of its own weight Gravity wall
### n masonry, a hard stone or brick used to reinforce an external corner of a wall Quoin
### A type of half lapped joint used to resist tension Scarf joint
### One of a number of short vertical member often circular in section to support a stair handrail Baluster
### The arrangement and design of window in a building Fenestration
### What concrete block that is used in making a corner of an anchor wall Fig. A-1
### Lateral ties used for 36mm main bars for column is 12mm
### Portion of a beam where bending moment changes from positive to negative Inflection point
### A brick laid on its edge so that its end is visible Rowlock
### A short flat piece of lumber which is bolted, nailed or screwed to butting pieces in order
splice them together Scab
### Diagonal bracing in pairs between adjacent floor joist to prevent the joist fro twisting Cross bridging
### A bar used to hold the reinforcement on a beam Web
### A small finishing nail is called Brad
### A roof wherein the four sides are sloping towards the center terminating at a point Pyramid roof
### A metal sheet used to connect girder and floor joist at the same level Stirrup
### A slender structural unit introduced onto the ground to transmit load to underground strata Pile
### Brick set on end with the narrow side showing is called Soldier
### Finely divided solid particles added to the vehicle to contribute color and durability to paint Pigment
### End lapping of corrugated G.I. roofing sheets 30cm
### Inclined structural member that supports the steps of a stair Carriage
### Structural steel shape having unsymmetrical balance Channel
### Hooked end of a 12mm stirrups 6cm
### Which among the concrete block is the header block Fig B-2
### A device used as a guide of the hand saw in cutting object to form a milter joint Miter box
### The best and accurate tool for guiding the work in establishing a horizontal level Plastic hose w/ water
### Minimum thickness of suspended R.C. slab 100mm
### Total board foot of 10 pcs. 2"x2"x12' 40 bd.ft.
### Which among the brick work is a common flemish bond Fig. C-3
### Xyladecor is a product of Boysen
### Wall that support weight from above as well as their own dead weight Load bearing wall
### The distance between inflection point in the column when it breaks Effective length
### The amount of space measured in cubic units. Volume
### A bended rod to resist shear and diagonal stresses in a concrete Stirrups
### The most important component to determine the strength of concrete Cement
### Another term for plaster board Gypsum board
### The face or front of a building Façade
### An opening in the roof for admitting light Skylight
### Wood coming from trees with needle leaves, rather than broad leaves Soft wood
### A kind of brick used for high temperature Fire brick
### A nailer strip incorporated in rough concrete wall to be plastered to act as guide and
support for finish trim around opening and near the base of the wall Plaster ground
### The distance between two structural supports Span
### Stone placed on a slope to prevent erosion Rip-rap
### Hammer is a Striking tool
### Which among the finger joint is the hidden dove tail Fig. D-2
### The process of removing concrete forms from the cured concrete Stripping
### A structural member spanning fron truss to truss or supporting rafters Purlins
### Steel bent inserted in masonry construction for scouring wood or plates to concrete const Anchor bolts
### A horizontal piece of wood, stone, steel or concrete across the top of door or window
opening to bear the weight of the walls above the opening Lintel
### The placing of glass in windows and doors Glazing
### A rejected building material because of its below standard grade Cull
### A joint produced by lapping two pieces of materials Lap joint
### Lumber that still contains moisture or sap Green lumber
### The internal angle formed by the two roof slopes of a roof Valley
### A vertical board attached on the ends of the rafters. It is part of the cornice Fascia
### A large heavy nail is referred to as Spike
### What is the scientific name of wood Xylem
### A wall that holds back on earth embankment Retaining wall
### The term used to indicate top and lower principal member of a roof or bridge truss Chord
### Strips of hardwood usually 2"x2" laid over a concrete slab floor Sleeper
### A vertical structural member which acts as a supporting element in a wall or partition Stud
### Rough plaster finish obtained by flinging plaster on a wall with a hand operated machine Tyrolean finish
### Curing of concrete or mortar without the gain or loss of heat during the curing period Adiabatic curing
### A floor tile composed principally of polyvinyl chloride Vinyl tile
### The permanent deformation of a materials under a sustained load Creep

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### The vertical face of a stair Riser
### Groove extended along the edge or face of the wood member being cut parallel to grain Plough
### The stressing of unbonded tendons after concrete has cured Post-tensioning
### A brick whose face has been hacked to resemble roughly hacked stone Ashlar brick
### A type of tape used in finishing joints between gypsum board Perforated tape
### Employed to reduce restraint by accomodating movement of masonry walls Control joint
### A window sash which opens inward and is hinged at the bottom Hopper
### Inlaid wood flooring usually set in simple geometric pattern Parquet
### Anchor bolts and strap are molded out of Wrought iron
### Common hardware fastener for truss braces Lag screw
### Sealer type of washer for G.I. roofing sheets Lead
### Trade name for anti-termite surface application on wood Solignum
### Retarders or accelerators concrete setting Admixture
### Coated with zinc Galvanized
### Technical term for earthquake Seismic
### Vertical frame of paneled door Stile
### Fascia between floor and wall Baseboard
### Cement, sand, and water Mortar
### Filipino term for framework Balangkas
### Filipino term for bottom chord Barakilan
### Filipino term for collar Sinturon
### Filipino term for plastered course Kusturada
### Filipino term for purlins Reostra
### Filipino term for wainscoating tiles Asolehos
### Filipino term for wrought iron strap Platsuela
### Filipino term for ceiling joist Kostilyahe
### Filipino term for door fillet Batidora
### Filipino term for girder Guililan
### Filipino term for masonry fill Lastilyas
### Filipino term for downspout Tubo de banada
### Filipino term for cabinet hinge Espolon
### Filipino term for brace Pie de gallo
### Filipino term for bathtub Baniera
### Filipino term for temper (metal work) SUBAN
### Horizonatal distance from the face of a lock or latch to the center of the knob or lock
cylinder BACKSET
### A principal member of a truss CHORD
### Rough plaster finish obtained by flinging plaster on a wall with a hand operatingn machine TYROLEAN FINISH
### A roofing tile which has the shape of "S" laid on its side PANTILE
### A commercially pure iron of fibrous nature, valued for its corrosion resistance and ductility WROUGHT IRON
### Joint formed when a concrete surface hardens before the next batch of concrete is placed COLD JOINT
### Has high compressive strength but low tensile strength CAST IRON
### Horizontal surfaces on which the stone units lie on course BED
### That part of the foundation for a building which forms the permanent retaining wall of the
structure below grade FOUNDATION WALL
### The boxing in or covering a joist beam or girder to give appearance of a larger beam BEAM BLOCKING
### A system of framing building in which floor joist of each storey rest on the top plates of
the storey below and the bearing walls and partitions rest on the subfloor of each storey WESTERN FRAMING
### Pressure equivalent to that exerted on a surface by a column of a water at a given height HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
### Fashion tone ceiling tiles manufacturer ACI INSULATION
### Pre painted longspan roofing manufacturer JACINTO COLOR STEEL
### Combination of aluminum foil, installed beneath the ceiling under G.I. Roofing THERMAL INSULATION
### Anodizing gives aluminum oxide coating by means of this ELECTROLYTIC ACTION
### Use of aluminum sheets is not allow in this material HIGH TENSILE STRENGTH
### A brand name of asbestos roofing PLACA ROMANA
### Anchor bolts and column straps are made of this STEEL
### Tradename for plastic materials FORMICA
### First group of wood used as shoring TANGUILE
### Minimum thickness of footing according to NBC 250mm
### A passageway of a chimney FLUE
### A defects in softwood consist of an opening in the grain that contains pitch or resin PITCH POCKET
### Lumber defects caused by broken twigs KNOTS
### They are used for unpainted surfaces or those to be repainted after most of the original
paint has been removed PRIMER SEALER
### Concrete mixed ideal for road pavement and waterproof structure AA
### Lumber defects due to the effects of fungi MOLDS AND STAINS
### To coat steel or iron by immersing in a bath of zinc GALVANIZING
### A boring bit having a conical shaped cutter to accommodate the head of the screw COUNTERSINK

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### A metal plate attached to the face of a door, around the shaft for the door knob ROSE
### The process of marking wood, metal bricks using pointed material SCRIBE
### A brand of liquid solution of pigment in suitable vehicle of oil, organic solvent or water DAVIES
### A building material made of fused silica with alkaline bases, drawn up with a metal bar
from a tank GLASS
### A low wall around a chalet type house ZOCALO
### Common hardware fastener for truss braces LAG SCREW
### A material which provides a seal as a result of pressure between he faces of a joint COMPRESSION SEAL
### The cross bar of a panic exit device; serves as a push bar to actuate the panic hardware CRASH BAR
### Rock volume to collect water in retaining wall BLEEDER MASS
### A horizontal timber which serves as a base for the stud in a stud partition SOLEPLATE
### One of the outer structural member of a frame; as at the outer edge of a door or
a window sash STILE
### A tradename for for anti-termite surface application on wood SOLIGNUM
### A roofing material having a galvanized steel as base with acrylic overglazedd COLOROOF
### Concrete with low cement content LEAN
### Pre-casted custom designed architectural panel with specially designed waterproof joints FLOOR PANEL
### A barrier or diaphragms formed to prevent the movement of the soil, to stabilize the
foundations SHEET PILE
### A fireproof door with metal covering KALAMEIN
### Comes from decidous or broadleaf trees and are typically used for flooring, stairs,
paneling, furniture and interior form HARDWOOD
### The evergreens and are used for general construction relatively soft and easy to cut
and work SOFTWOOD
### Used for posts, girder, jambs attached to concrete and also for wooden decks YACAL
### Finest wood for furniture TINDALO
### Used for paneling and plywood veneer DAO
### Tanguile like for framing chests, jewel boxes, stair frames KAMAGONG
### Philippine mahogany for framing chests, stair, frame WHITE LAUAN
### Used for framing joist, truss APITONG
### Most expensive used for furniture and paneling, flooring, door pnels, stairs NARRA
### The most common lumber in the market; used generally for framing, joists, nailer, studs TANGUILE
### Used for paneling ALMACIGA
### The hard cross grained mass of wood formed in a trunk at the place where a branch
joins a trunk KNOTS
### A crack due to natural causes occuring in timber; includes ring shakes, cup shakes SHAKES
heart shakes, star shakes and wind shakes
### A defects in softwoods; consist of an opening in the grain that contains pitch or resins PITCHPOCKETS
### A cracks that extends completely throug a piece of wood or veneer SPLIT
### A small crack running parallel to the grain in wood and across the rings, usually
caused by shinkage during drying CHECK
### Distortion in shape of parallel plane surface WARP
### A round edge or bark along an edge at a corner of a piece of lumber; usually caused
by sawing too near the surface of the lag WANE
### The decay of seasoned wood caused by fungi of a type capable of carrying water
into the wood they infest DRY ROT
### 1 inch x 12 inches x 1 foot of length 1 BOARD FOOT
### Thickness x Width x Length / 12 BOARD FOOT FORMULA
### 1" TO 1 1/2" thk and wider BOARDS
### 2" to 4" thk DIMENSION LUMBER
### 5" x 5" and larger TIMBERS
### A bi-product of wood where waste wood boards are compressed finishes on both PLYBOARD
sides with a thin layer of wood, glued together with industrial glues
### Hip roof support JACK RAFTER
### Another term for plaster board GYPSUM BOARD
### A nailer strip incorporated in rough concrete wall to be plastered to act as a guide and
support for finish trims around openings and near the base of the wall TRIMMING GUARD
### Stone placed on a slope to prevent erosion RIPRAP
### Strips or hardwods usually 2" x 2" laid over a concrete slab floor SLEEPERS
### Steel window section for muntins Z BAR
### A hardener mixture mixed with marble dust to fill-up the gap of marble slabs during
installatiuon of floor or wall finishes POLYMER
### A type of handless lockset key operatd to give double security DEAD BOLT LOCK
### Admixture that impart color on concrete TRUSCON
### Tension is placed on the reinforcing prior to the placing of the concrete PRE-TENSIONED CONCRETE
### Subjecting reinforcement bars, tendons to tension on a stress bed prior to concrete pouring PRE STRESSING
### The soil or rock directly beneath the footing FOUNDATION BED
### Minimum time required for removing the form for sides of beams and girders 3 DAYS

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 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 8 OF 33
### To improve the water repellant qualities of cement in concrete mixing SAHARA
### A paint defects causes by applying a finish coat over too damp a base coat BLISTERING
### A type of concrete floor which has no beam FLAT SLAB
### A 2" to 5" thick piece of lumber WOOD PLANK
### A flat glass sheet possesing high quality polished, smooth surface FLOAT GLASS
### A protein; the chief nitrogenous ingredient of milk CASEIN
### A type of roofing materials made from semi solid mixture of complex hydrocarbons derived
from coal of petroleum and before installation dissolved in solvent, emulsified, heated to liquid ASPHALTIC
### The tradename for flouroplastic which is transparent to opaque in character
and is used primarily for electrical fixture and pipe sealing TEFLON
### The chemical reaction between cement and water which produces hardened cement HYDRATION
### The process of striking the concrete in order to bring the surface to the required grade SCREEDING
### Temporary structure used to support a permanent structure during its erection
### and until its become self supporting FALSEWORK
### An excavation whose length greatly exceeds its width TRENCH
### A type of steel that develops a protective oxide coat on its surface upon exposure to the
elements so that the painting is not required for protection WEATHERING STEEL
### A pattern bond with alternate strechers and headers in each with headers centered over
stretchers in the course below FLEMISH BOND
### Such as barite, magnitite and steel punching and is used primarily for nuclear HEAVYWEIGHT
radiation shielding CONCRETE
### A type of scaffold which has one line of standard to support the outside of the
scaffold deck, while the inside edge is supported from the wall being built PUTLOG SCAFFOLD
### A portland cement specification ASTM C 150
### A clad aluminium sheet used for standrad corrugated, ribbed or V-beam section
and various embossed pattrens for industrial roofing and curtain wall sheets ALCLAD
### A common paint film defect where progressive powdering from the surfaces inward occurs CHALKING
### Inlaid wood flooring usually set in simple geometric patterns PARQUET
### A special coating system with high gloss shine while maintaining the natural POLYURETHANE
wood qualities, maintenance free, used to finish topcoat and wood flooring FLOOR COATING
### A type of plastic rigid to flexible, translucent to opaque and is used in insulation,
siding, wood imitation, flooring and piping PVC
### The paint materials used for sealing, filling, correcting surface defects on wood surfaces GLAZING PUTTY
### A type of cement that provides 190% of type I strength after one day curing and also TYPE III HIGH EARLY
produces about 150% of the heat of hydration of normal cement during first seven days STRENGTH
### The process of proportioning cement, water, aggregates and additives prior to
concrete mixing BATCHING
### Minimum slump recommended for mass concrete 2 to 5 INCHES
### The placing of concrete using pneumatic pressure of dry mix concrete or mortars SHOTCRETE
### A standing position of brick construction having length and height as the SOLDIERS
exposed surface
### A process employed to reduce the amount of free water present in plastic VACUUM
concrete after the concrete has been placed and screen DEWATERING
### An electrolytic process in which the aluminum is emmersed in a specific acid solution
through which a direct current is passed between the aluminum and the solution ANODIZING
### The substance in the paint which gives continuity and provides adhesion
to the surface or subtrite VEHICLES
### A more substantial framework progressively built up as tall building rises up STAGING
### No. 5 designation of a bar 16mm
### A water tight structure or chamber within which work is carried on in building foundation
or structures below water level CAISSON
### A wood defect that is a small crack running parallel to the grain in wood and across the
rings, usually caused by shrinkage during drying CHECKS
### Bolts w/c incorporate torque control groove so that the stem breaks under a specified torque TENSION SET BOLTS
### A soil condition where the soil material is in the natural state before the disturbamnce BANK
### The process of increasing the density of a soil by mechanically forcing the soil
particles closer together, thereby expelling the air from the void spaces COMPACTION
### A special form of cast in place concrete pile in which an enlarged based is
formed during driving BULB PILE
### A beam usually distributed horizontal forces to footings TIE BEAM
### A type of glass produced by heating annealed glass almost to the melting point
and then chilling it rapidly which is 3 to 5 times stronger than ordinary glass TEMPERED GLASS
### A type of paint that produces a very smooth and glossy surface and sometimes
referred to as pigmented lacquer DUCO
### A horizontal layer of mortar on which bricks are laid BED JOINT
### Walls made up of two masonry wythes separated by an air space 2" (50mm)
or more in width and tied together by metal ties CAVITY WALL
### A type of soft formwork with no shoring along its span and is supported instead
FLYING FORM

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 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 9 OF 33
of trusses frames along its span and shoring on both ends FLYING FORM
### Class AA concrete mixture ratio 1: 1 1/2 : 3
### A column usually reinforced concrete, constructed below the ground surface PIER
### A defect in lumber which is round edge or bank along an edge at a corner of
a piece of lumber, usually caused by sawing too near the surface WANE
### A liquid component of a paint to increase its fluidity, they volatize or evaporated
during drying and not became part of the film SOLVENTS
### A plate usually wood used to anchor a stair to concrete KICKER PLATE
### A type of settlement that cause the grade slab to bend upward due to wet soil expansion EXPANSIVE SOIL HEAVING
### A special type of paint made with varnish as the vehicle, applied in wood and metal ENAMEL
### Whitish powder that forms on the surface of bricks or stone walls due to
evaporation of moisture or containing salts EFFLORESCENCE
### The most widely used type of building brick which is made of natural sand and clay or shale KILN BURNED BRICKS
### A vertical joints between brick wythes COLLAR JOINT
### A paint defect coat by soft undercoat, forming shallow cracks at closely spaced
but irregular interval CHECKING
### It is not a vehicle of paint EMULSIFIERS
### A double unit glass INSULATING GLASS
### A pattern consisting of stretcher or running bond six or seven courses with a COMMON BOND
course of headers laid perpendicular to the stretcher course
### Additive used to ensure that all particles of cement and water are mixed DISPERSAL AGENT
thoroughly in a concrete setting
### Flouropolymers, powder coatings, siliconized acrylics and polyesters are
these types of coatings for aluminium LAMINATED COATING
### A process of coating steel products by immersing them in a bath of motten
zinc after cleaning them ANODIZING
### Another term used for ASTM A572 high strength low alloy. It is a structural
steel which uses a natural form of oxidation for protective coating WEATHERING STEEL
### A rigid frame which is done by welding together its two spanning members,
both are connected homogenously to the vertical column members TWO HINGED FRAME
fastened conventionally to the concrete pedestal
### Steel plate under the end of a beam used to distribute the end reaction where
the beam rests on a masonry or concrete support BEARING PLATE
### Used as a dry sheet to protect wood sheating from dripping asphalt, usually
composed of combination of felted papers, shredded wood fibers and asphalt saturated TARRED FELTS
### A type of surfacing in built-up roof where a flood coat of bitumens is applied
over the top ply and a layer of aggregate is applied while the flood coat is hot GRAVEL SURFACING
### Unitary roofing materials which are similar to shingles except that they are split out SHAKES

PAINT DEFECTS
1 An incomplete form of peeling where the paint cracks into the large segments,
the edges of which breakaway from the surface while the center remains attached. ALLIGATORING
Usually due to repeated application of new coats over old coats
2 Discoloration of coating caused by solube color in the underlying surface,
may be prevented by applying an impermeable undercoating BLEEDING
3 Formation of blisters or pustules in coating, may be due to underlying spots of grease,
the sun during the process of drying BLISTERING
4 Progressive powdering from the surface inward CHALKING
5 Loss of luster, due to insufficient or defective undercoat, improper filling of wood DEADENING
6 Clouding of the laquer film through precipitation of moisture in the film
7 Constant temperature and constant low humidity in the finishing will help MOISTURE BLUSH
8 Rough appearance resembles very closely the peel of the orange, improper surface cleaning ORANGE PEEL
9 Indicate imperfect attachment to the surface; due to dampness, greasy surface and moisture PEELING
10 As it called, changes in atmospheric conditions during application over
sweating or incompletely dried undercoats, spots of grease or soap PINHOLING
11 Irregularities of surface due to uneven flow of varnish or paint, too much varnish, inc brushing RUNS AND SAGS
12 Adhesive property of incompletely dried coating, it is caused especially in
the refinishing of old work, over unclean or greasy surface TACKINESS
13 Due to applications of few heavy coats for more thin ones, due to cold weather WRINKLING
14 The loss of color of a paint film through exposure to sunlight and weather FADING

STANDARD WEIGHT OF PLAIN OR DEFORMED ROUND STEEL BARS

1 What is the standard weight of 8mm hot weld deformed bar 0.396 KILO
2 What is the standard weight of 10mm hot weld deformed bar 0.616 KILO
3 What is the standard weight of 12mm hot weld deformed bar 0.888 KILO
4 What is the standard weight of 16mm hot weld deformed bar 1.580 KILOS
5 What is the standard weight of 20mm hot weld deformed bar 2.466 KILOS
6 What is the standard weight of 25mm hot weld deformed bar 3.854 KILOS

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 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 10 OF 33
7 What is the standard weight of 28mm hot weld deformed bar 4.834 KILOS
8 What is the standard weight of 32mm hot weld deformed bar 6.314 KILOS
9 What is the standard weight of 36mm hot weld deformed bar 7.992 KIOS
10 What is the standard weight of 40mm hot weld deformed bar 9.866 KILOS

5 TYPES OF PORTLAND CEMENT

1 Is used for general concrete construction where the special properties are specified TYPE I
2 Is for use in general concrete construction exposed to moderate surlfate action
or where moderate heat of hydration is required TYPE II
3 is used where high early strength is required TYPE III
4 is used where low heat of hydration is required TYPE IV
5 is for use when high sulfate resistance is required TYPE V

TYPES OF DOORS
This is workhose of metal windows available in many combination of fixed and PROJECTED
operating sash. Usually, the lowest light will project in and the upper ends projects
out for maximum comfort
Another version of the projected sash, this window provides an integral grill SECURITY
permitting ventilations but restricting the size of an object that can pass through
the window
Operating sash for ease of operation DOUBLE HUNG
It provide flush interior and exterior wall surfaces without the need for counter- SLIDING
balancing hardware intrinsic in the double hung window
A larger amount of light than ventilation is desired COMBINATION
Vertically proportioned sash that swing outward, somewhat like a door CASEMENT
It offers 100% ventilation combined with a degree of rain protection not AWNING
attainable with casement sash
An awning window which is reduced in to an operating louver, with a profound JALOUSIE
effect on appearance and ability to provide weatherstripping
Popular in multi-storey, AC commercial building. They usually rotate90deg up to PIVOTED
180deg

TYPES OF HINGES
A movable joint used to attached, support and turn a door about a pivot HINGE
Two rectangular metal plate which are joined with a pin BUTT HINGE
A hinge containing one or more spring, when the door is open the hinge returns SPRING HINGE
it to the open position automatically
The axle or pin about which a window or door rotates PIVOT HINGE

TYPES OF HINGES ACCORDING TO APPLICATIONS

A hinge designed for attachment on the surface of the door and jamb without mortising FULL SURFACE
Having one leaf mortised into the dge of the door and the other surface mounted FULL MORTISE
on the door frame
A hinge, one plate of which is mortised in the door leaf, the other being surface HALF MORTISE
mounted on the jamb leaf
A hinge which is applied to the surface of a door leaf and to a mortise jamb leaf HALF SURFACE

TYPES OF FOUNDATIONS
Structural elements that carry or support the superstructure of the building FOUNDATIONS
Foundaion w/c transfers load to the earth at the base of column or wall of substructure SHALLOW FOUNDATION
Transfer the load at a point far below the substructure DEEP FOUNDATIONS

TYPES OF COLUMN FOOTING

A combined footing of prismatic shape, which supports two or more columns in a row CONTINUOUS
Large footing extending a wide area MAT/RAFT FOUNDATION
Intended to transmit structural loads through the upper zone of poor soil to a
depth where the earth is capable of providing the desired support PILE FOUNDATION
Uses wide flange or I beam; A series of steel beams, bolted together and placed GRILLAGE FOOTING
over a footing used to distribute a concentrated column over the top of footing
A footing which supports more than one column load COMBINED FOOTING

TYPES OF FOUNDATIONS
A footing which is especially wide, usually of reinforced concrete SPREAD FOOTING
A foundation cut in series of steps in a sloping bearing stratum to prevent BENCH FOUNDATION
sliding when subject to the bearing load
An arch in which intrados below the springing line use to distribute concentrated INVERTED ARCH
loads in foundations

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 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 11 OF 33

CAISSON'S
A watertight structure or chamber within which work is carried on in building FOUNDATION
foundations or structures below water level
MAT/RAFT
A continuous foundation under a full extent of the structure FOUNDATION
A footing having a tie beam to another footing to balance a structural load not CANTILIVER FOOTING
symmetrically located with respect to the footing
A series of steel beam bolted together and placed over a footing used to distribute GRILLAGE FOOTING
a concentrated column load over the top of the footing
A system of piles, pile caps and straps that transfers the structural load to the PILE FOUNDATION
bearing stratum into which the piles are driven
WELL FOUNDATION
MIXING OF CONCRETE
About 10% of the mixing water is placed in the drum before drying materials DRUM MIXING
are added
READY MIXED CONCRETE
Concrete is mixed completely in the truck mixer 1 1/2-3 minutes mixing TRANSIT MIXED
Concrete is mixed in a stationary mixer and delivered in the truck agitator CENTRAL MIXED
Concrete is mixed partially in a stationary mixer and mixing is completely in the SHRINK MIXED
truck mixer
PLACING OF CONCRETE
Concrete must be placed in position properly compacted within WHAT minutes 30 to 60 MINUTES
after adding water, then cement setting will start
MIXING OF CONCRETE
It shall be continued for at least WHAT minutes, after all the materials are in 1 1/2 MINUTES
the drum
CURING OF CONCRETE
Concrete (other than high early strength) shall be maintained above 10 C and in FIRST 7
a moist condition for at least the WHAT days after placement
High early strength shall be maintained above 10 C and in a moist condition for at FIRST 3
least the WHAT days
HANDLING OF CONCRETE
General purpose concrete 16 to 20 L of water
Load bearing 4" CHB 28 to 32 L of water
Non load bearing 4" CHB 36 to 40 L of water
Cement mortar 16 to 20L of water
Stacking of cement bags
Maintain a clearance of WHAT feet (minimum) beteween G.I. Roofing and cement 4 FEET
bag stack
REBAR LIMITATIONS FOR FOOTINGS
Minimum bar size of footing NO. 5 or 16mm
Spacing of rebars is WHAT of times the size of aggregate or 25mm 1 1/3 times the size of
aggreagates or 25mm
REBAR LIMITATIONS FOR FOOTINGS
Minimum size of column rebar NO. 5 or 16mm
Minimum number of column rebar for square/rectangular coulumns 4 PIECES
Sizes of column ties NO. 2 or NO. 4
BENDING AND BENDING POINTS OF REBAR
Beams and girders which require bent bars from face of the support for L/7
END span
Beams and girders which require bent bars from face of the support for L/5
INTERIOR span
Angle of inclination of bent bars from the horizontal 45degrees
12TIMES BAR
Column rebars to be embedded to footing should have an anchorage is DIAMETER or
305mm
Distance of column rebars should be continued uninterrupted above the floor line L/4
If rebars are to be spliced by welding, it should be cut at these distances from 102mm,152mm,254mm
each point of cut
SPLICING OF REBARS
IT SHOULD BE
Splices at point of maximum tensile stress (bottom, center bars, at midspan) AVOIDED
Or it should be lapped or welded
SIZES OF LAP SPLICES
24 times bar diameter 276MPa
30 times bar diameter 345MPa
36 times bar diameter 414MPa
BUT NOT LESS THAN 305mm

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 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 12 OF 33
Both ENDS of BOTTOM bars should be BENT UPWARDS at this ANGLE 15 degrees
Aluminum-Concrete reactions ELECTROLYTIC REACTION
THEY SHALL NOT BE LARGER in outside diameter than 1/3 THE OVERALL
THICKNESS OF SLAB, WALL OR BEAM which they are EMBEDDED
TOOLS FOR PLACING CONCRETE
Or "STRIKE OFF" It is the first finishing tool after the concrete is placed and is STRAIGHT EDGE
used to strike off the concrete surface to proper grade
JITTER BUG after the concrete has been struck off, it can be used to compact HAND TAMPER
concrete in flatwork construction
A long flat rectangular piece of wood or aluminum from 3" to 4" wide with DARBY
handle on top, used to float the surface of concrete slab immediately
A tool or machine used to smooth uniformed surfaces of freshly placed concrete BULL FLOAT
A finishing tool used on the edges of fresh concrete or plaster to provide a EDGER
rounded corner
A metal tool used to cut a joint partly through fresh concrete JOINTER OR GROOVER
THREE COAT PLASTER
First coat SCRATCH COAT
Second coat BROWN COAT
Third coat FINISH COAT

A proportioned mixture of silaceous material and cement which after being MORTAR
prepared in plastic state with water hardens into a stone-like mass
Refers to a piece of timber of either cylindrical or either geometrical cross POST
section vertically placed to support a building
A vertical structure used to support a building made of stone, concrete, steel or COLUMN
combination of the above materials
COLUMN CLASSIFICATION TO TYPES OF REINFORCEMENT
SQUARED TIED
Minimum of 6pcs. of 16mm diam. Reinforcing bar SPIRAL COLUMN
Spiral column combined with WF steel column COMPOSITE COLUMN
COMBINED COLUMN
A steel column used as a support for girders and beams LALLY COLUMN
TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION JOINTS
Such an expansion joint, between two adjacent structures which are not in ISOLATION JOINT
physical contact
CONTROL JOINT W/
A grooved which is formed in a masonry structure to regulate the location and DOWEL
amount of cracking
A joint formed by the insertion of the tounge of one member into the corresponding T&G CONTROL JOINT
groove of another
BUTT-TYPE
Used for floor of 5" thick and greater CONSTRUCTION
Used of heat to prevent contractions THERMAL EXPANSION
PRE STRESSING OF CONCRETE
PRE-COMPRESSING
Process using hydraulic jacks on fixed abutments METHOD
SELF CONTAINED
Done by tying jacks based together with wires located at end of a beam METHOD
Strands are stretch between massive elements BOND FRICTION
Steel is heated by means of electric power; cooling THERMAL PRESSING
VOLUMETRIC
Used of expanding cement restrained by steel strands EXPANSION
SITE CASTS
LIFT SLAB
Is used chiefly with two way flat plate structures, almost eliminates formwork by casting CONSTRUCTION
the slabs of the building in a stack on the ground, then using hydraulic jacks to lift the
slabs up the columns to their finl position
Is fabricated in large sections supported on deep metal trusses; the sections are moved FLYING FORMWORK
from one floor to the next by crane, eliminating much of the labor
Useful for tall wall structures such as elevator shafts; stairwells and storage soils. SLIP FORMING
A ring of formwork is oulled steadly upward by jacks supported on a vertical
reinforcing bars, while workers add concrete and reinforcing in a continuous process
TILT-UP
Is a floor slab cast on the ground and reinforced concrete wall panels are poured over CONSTRUCTION
it in a horizontal position, then tilted into positions and grouted together
(Pneumatically placed concrete) is sprayed into placed from a hose by a stream of SHOTCRETE
compressed air and can be deposited without formwork ven on vertical surfaces

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 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 13 OF 33
The concrete is formed in thin sections as thin as 2 1/2" or a large shell THIN SHELLS
Concrete or mortar which is pumped through a hose and projected at high SHOTCRETE
velocity on surface
A construction method relying primarily on the used of standardized manufactured PRE-FABRICATED
components STRUCTURE
A method of concrete building construction in which floor and roof slabs are cast LIFT SLAB
at ground level and then raised into sa position by jacking
CLASIFICATION OF PILES
A pile which carries a vertical load BEARING PILE
A pile that transfer its loads to the soil through friction with the earth surrounding it FRICTION PILE
A pile driven at an inclination to the vertical to provide resistance to horizontal BATTER PILE
forces
One of a number of piles, interlocked with similar units, to form a barrier to SHEET PILE
retain soil or to keep water out of foundation
A heavy square timber which is driven vertically downward to guide steel GUIDE PILE
sheet piling; used for the construction of coffer dams, caissons
FLOOR SYSTEMS
A horizontal beam supporting a floor joist GIRDER
A wood member placed on top of the foundation wall in wood frame construction SILL
Any joist which carries a floor FLOOR JOIST
A short beam, joist or rafter supported by a wall at one end and by the header at TAILPIECE
the other
A wood strip nailed to the lower side of a girder to provide a bearing surface LEDGER STRIP
for joist
In concealed construction, a material or member which fills or seals the open DRAFTSTOP/
construction to prevent or retard the spread of fire FIRESTOP
A short transverse joist that supports the end of the cut-off joist at stairwell holes HEDGER
A beam joist or rafter supporting one end of a header at the edge of the opening TRIMMER
in the floor or roof frame
STANDARD HOOKS
180-deg bend plus WHAT db extension but not less than 65mm at free end of bar 4db
90-deg bend plus WHAT db extension, at free end of bar 12db
FOR STIRRUPS AND TIE HOOKS
16mm bar and smaller, 90-deg bend plus WHAT extension at free end of bar 6db
20mm and 25mm bar, 90-deg bend plus WHAT extension at free end of bar 12db
25mm bar and smaller, 135-deg bend plus WHAT extension at free end of bar 6db
MINIMUM BEND DIAMETERS
Inside diameter of bend for stirrups and ties shall be less than WHAT for 16mm bar 4db
and smaller
For bar larger than 16mm are the following:
10mm to 25mm 6db
28mm to 32mm 8db
36mm 10db
SPACING LIMITS FOR REINFORCEMENT
Between parallel bars in a layer shall be WHAT db but not less than WHAT distance db; 25mm
Parallel layers two or more reinforcement, distance is not less than WHAT distance 25mm
In spirally reinforced or tied reinforced compression members, clear distance 1.5db nor 40mm
between longitudinal bars shall be not less than WHAT db nor WHAT SIZE
In walls and slabs other than joist, primary flexural reinforcement shall space not 3x or 450mm
more than WHAT TIMES the wall or slab thickness OF WHAT distance
MINIMUM SIZE OF FILLET AND PARTIAL PENETRATION WELDS
To 6 inclusive 3
Over 6 to 12 4.5
Over 12 to 20 6
Over 20 7.5
Over 40 to 60 9
Over 60 to 150 12
Over 150 16
WELDS
MAXIMUM SIZE OF FILLET WELDS
Along edges of the material 6mm thick, not greater than the thickness of the material
6mm thick or more; not greater than the thickness of the material minus WHAT MINUS 1.5mm
LENGTH OF FILLET WELDS
Minimum effective length of a fillet weld; not less than WHAT times the nominal size, 4x
or not exceed WHAT of its effective length ONE FOURTH or 1/4
The transverse spacing of longitudinal fillet welds used in end connections shall
not exceed WHAT 200mm

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 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 14 OF 33
LAP JOINTS
The minimum amount of lap joint shall be WHAT times the thickness of the thinner 5x;25mm
part, but not less than WHAT 25mm
INTERMITTENT FILLET WELDS
The effective length shall not be less than WHAT the weld size, with minimum of WHAT 4x;40mm
END RETURN OF FILLET WELDS
Size of fillet welds terminating at ends or sides; be returned continuously around 2x
the corners for a distance of not less than WHAT times the nominal size of the weld

PLUGS AND SLOT WELDS

Diameter of holes shall not be less than the thickness containing it plus WHAT mm nor 8mm or 2 1/4 x
greater than WHAT times the thickness of the weld metal
The minimum center to center spacing of plug welds shall be WHAT times the 4x
diameter of the hole
The length for the slot shall not exceed WHAT times the thickness of the weld 10x
The width of the slot shall not less than its thickness plus WHAT mm or greater than 8mm or 2 1/4 x
WHAT times the thickness of the weld

Transverse to their length is WHAT times the width of the slot 4x

Center to center spacing in a longitudinal direction shall be WHAT the length of the slot 2x
The thickness of plug or slot welds 16mm or less in thickness shall be WHAT to the EQUAL
to the thickness of the material
In over 16mm; it should be at least WHAT of the thickness of the material not less 1/2 the thickness
than 16mm

ALUMINIZED
Roof insulation under purlins BACKING & TAPE
G.I. STRAP LINER
G.I. TIE WAR

Roof insulation over purlins ALUMINIZED

BACKING
RUBBER CEMENT
(RUGBY)

G.I. WIRE WITH

Roofdeck Insulation STOPPER
PLAIN WHITE TAPE
or WIRE MESH

Damp Proofing / Moisture Barrier ASPHALT

NON FLAMMABLE
Acoustical Installation ALUMINUM
BACKING
MECHANICAL CLIP or
EXPANDABLE WIRE
MESH

1999 BUILDING MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION

An alternative fastening material that can be used for metal on ceiling joist other 3/16' x 1/2" ALUMINUM
than metal screws BLIND RIVETS

CEMENT TEXTURED
A masonry finish using pure cement mixed wit flexible synthetic latex based FINISH
additive like Plexibond to a tacky consistency then applied by an applicator roller
to give a remarkable finish

A paint defect that occurs on inferior brands where the paints contains soluble WRINKLING
pigments thus softens and dissolves by water or by chemical after sufficient
drying

What is the standard weight of a 25mm diameter hot rolled weldable deformed 3.853 KILOS
or plain steel bar per meter length

A recommended method of joint by steel deck manufacturers SEAM LOCK

It does not comprise in the tie rod system of a steel deck scaffold SWIVEL PIPE CLAMP

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 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 15 OF 33

A paint defect by discoloration of coat caused by soluble color in the underlying BLEEDING
surface

#16 EXPANDED
Glass block reinforcement in a spaced of 7/16" gap to accept it and the binder METAL LATH

MODULAR
System of measurement when utilising modular systems of construction COORDINATION
and technology

MAIN/CROSS TEE AND

A wood ceiling joist substitute for drop ceiling usually made of aluminium or pre- WALL
ANGLE SUSPENSION
painted GI used to hang lightweight boards such as fiber glass boards SYSTEM

3/4" THK CEMENT

Used to install brick plaqueta on to a scratch coat of a masonry wall in an GROUT
evenly distributed manner

What is the standard weight of a 16mm diameter hot rolled weldable deformed 1.578 KILOS
or plain steel bar per meter length

What is not a brand of ceramic tiles PIEDRA TILES

3/4" LAYER OF
A ceramic tile is installed into a masonry wall over rough plaster by a uniform CEMENT
MORTAR

PRESTRESS
Floor system by Jackbuilt CONCRETE
T-BEAM FLOOR
SYSTEM

In lockset, this is the safest door lock recommended for main entry doors MORTISE LOCKSET

Wood end joint requiring tensile strength SCARF

Natural coating which brings the natural beauty of wood OIL WOOD STAIN

Coarse aggregates standard sizes 1/5 SIDE FORMS

1/3 DEPTH SLABS
3/4 CLEAR SPACING

Mortise and tenon wood construction joint where tounge and grooves meet BLIND AND STUB
halfway making the connection clean of joint traces

An accessory of tie rod scaffold system FORM CLAMP

Installation of Piedra tiles over mortar bed UNIFORM 10mm THK

CEMENT PLASTER

A door type used between a dining and kitchen to allow a server to see through VISION DOOR

Vertical location of a ground surface often used as a reference point with BENCHMARK
respect to the vertical height

SCREW WITH
Method of fastening jamb to concrete or masonry EXPANSION
PLUG

Not a wood parquet geometric design HEPTAGON

A highly trained labor used to prepare rough to finish plastering, lay concrete FINISHING MASON
hollow blocks, install tiles and pebble washout

CURDOROY or TOOL
A kind of masonry finish which utilise a chamfer wood block out, usually 1"x1" FINISH

KAREN ANNE URBANO NAGUIT

 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 16 OF 33
distance at 2" o.c. which serves a s form when removes gives design line
texture is added by chisel

A system of mass production and industrilisation by prefabrication of MODULAR SYSTEM

furniture and cabinets

A type of glass use in constructing vision door which must be shutter proof LAMINATED
to be accident free

A construction technique in color reproduction applying the Munsell HUE SCALE

color principle-SECONDARY COLOR LIKE ORANGE TURN TO BE YELLOW

A type of wood end joint where both wood are cut at equal angles diagonally PLAIN MITER

Steel window section for muntins Z-BAR

SHIMS, BEARING
Basic parts of stressing anchor PLATE,
STRESSING WASHER,
BOTTOM PLATE

A hardener mixture mixed with marble dust to fill up the gap of marble slabs POLYMER
during installation of floor or wall finishes

A bi-product of wood where waste wood boards are compressed finish on PLYBOARD
both sides with a thin layer of wood, glued together

CROSS BRACE MUST

What is wrong with the installation of steel scaffold BE
INSTALL IN OPPOSITE
DIRECTION

In air condittioning duct, what type of strap is used to insure that there is no air 75mm WIDE
PRESSURE
SENSITIVE
gap is left ALUMINIZED
DUCT TAPE STRAP AT
600mm O.C.

WOOD LATHE
Woodwork equipment to form the different wood mouldings for balusters and MACHINE
newel posts or TORNO

Method recommended by manufacturers to join the steel deck and the

rebars

Steel deck that can be used for two slab CONDECK

ALUMINUM PIPES &

It precludes good construction practice for pipes and conduits embedded CONDUITS
AT R.C. SHALL BE
in concrete SECURED
NOT BY TIE WIRES
BUT MUST
BE EFFECTIVELLY
COVERED

A construction technique in color reproduction applying the Munsell CHROMA SCALE

color principle-HAS A DEGREE OF ITS COLORFULNESS or INTENSITY

A type of handless lockset key operated to give double security DEAD BOLT LOCK

A chemical agent apply on marble floor to make it shinny

INSTALL
A type of insulation recommended in air conditioning duct warp POLYETHELYNE
FOAM W/ ALUM. FOIL
BARRIER. ADHERE BY

KAREN ANNE URBANO NAGUIT

 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 17 OF 33

INDUSTRIAL
ADHESIVE TO
GALVANIZED AIR
DUCT
REVERSE THE
To secure the steel purlins properly to the steel cleat considering the axial, LOCATION
torsion and shear stresses present at the joint OF THE "Z" PURLINS

Minimum concrete cover for 20mm and larger for shell and folded plate 20 mm
members for cast in place

The purpose of inverted channel shape at bottom edge of metal door SPACE TO INSTALL
CONCEAL DOOR
CLOSER

Structural member in steel truss framing to counter act compression in roof PURLIN SAG RODS

1998 BUILDING MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION

STUCCO FLOORING
A concrete flooring and finish which transform ordinary plain concrete into an FINISH
elegant decorative surface

Concrete hollow block laying ASINTADA

CARPETS
Is made of inserting face yarns or tufts through premanufactured backing by TUFTED
used of needles
Simplest type of all carpet weaves. Pile is form as loom loops over wires VELVET
inserted across loom. Pile height is determined by height of wire inserted
The loom is highly specialized and nearly as versatile as hand weaving. Color AXMINSTER
combinations and designs are limited only by the number of tufts in the carpet

The loom operates like a velvet loom, except that it has a Jacquard WILTON
mechanism with up to six color frames
This process produces complete carpet by imbedding pile yarns and FUSHION
adhering backing to a viscous vinyl face that hardens after the curing
The process resembles weaving in that the face and back are made KNITTED
simultaneously. Backing and pile yarns are looped togeher with a stitching
yarns with three sets of needles

A pretreatment of poured concrete such as wall, beams and column where a SCRATCH COAT
thin layer of cement grout mixed with flexible base additives is splattered by
tampico brush or masonry spoon on to the surface to give a tooth for
excellent plaster adhesion

Local species of wood used for studding, cabinet and flush door framing TANGUILE

POLYURETHANE
A special coating system with a high gloss shine while maintaining the FLOOR
natural wood qualities, maintenance free to finish and topcoat wood flooring COATING

A common and cheap masonry finish wherein dry consistency of mortar SANDBLASTING
mix is spray by mechanical or pneumatic means. It is left to dry to give rustic
finish

Terrazo floor described by its physical appearance, the stone or pebble is RUSTIC TERRAZO
intentionally exposed while the cement matrix is depressed

A type of window where the sash rotates 90 degrees to 180 degrees PIVOTED
about the header or the sill or sides of the jamb

A door hinge at the left and the door leaf swings inside the room to the left LEFT HAND

MASONRY
A water mixed product, mixed to a ratio of 1:20 to stabilize lime activity in new NEUTRALIZER

KAREN ANNE URBANO NAGUIT

 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 18 OF 33
masonry surface. Without this mixture will cause the subsequent painting to be
defective

Indicates imperfect adhesion of the film to the surface, with the film getting strip PEELING
off in relatively large pieces due to application on damp or greasy surface

TERMS TO REMEMBERS
A threaded rod instead of masonry construction for anchoring the sill plate ANCHOR BOLT
to the foundation
The finish board immediately below a window sill. Also the part of the driveway APRON
that leads directly into the garage
A series of arches supported by a row of columns ARCADE
A curved structure that will support itself by mutual pressure and the weight ARCH
above its curved opening
A recessed area below grade around foundation to allow light and ventilation AREAWAY
into a basement window or doorway
A facing of squared stones ASHLAR
A concrete flooring and finish which transform ordinary plain concrete into an IMPRESSO CRETE
elegant and decorative trextured surface. This is by adding dust-on-color
pigments to the concrete to give a fast color and imprinted with a patented
pattern and texture while the concrete is still plastic to create the look and finish
of stone, slate or brick
An installation method where the cabinet covers is recessed and flushed with INSET or INTERIOR
the cabinet sidings
A type of wood end joint where both woods are cut at equal angles diagonally SCARF
TYPES OF TERRAZO
A type of terrazo floor described by its physical appearance whereby the RUSTIC TERRAZO
stone or pebble is intenionally exposed while the cement matrix is depressed
The most common type; relatively small chip sizes STANDARD TERRAZO
Larger chips with smaller chip filling the spaces between VENETIAN TERRAZO
Random fractured slab of marble up to approximately 15" greatest dimension PALLADIANA
3/8 to 1" thk with smaller chips filling the space TERRAZO

A type of window where the ventilating sash rotates 90deg to 180deg PIVOTED
about the header and sill or about the side jambs

KEEP THE CEMENT

To prevent plaster from improper adhesion, the substrate must be rough end PLASTER
and the cement plaster should be.. AS THIN AS POSSIBLE

It is not a brand of house paint ICI DULUX

Type of joint used to install in the glass of a French window RABBET

An equipment uniformly distribute tile adhesive at the underside of the ceramic EDGE STRIP TROWEL
tile during installation
A type of shutter proof opaque glass used to construct a door with glass to SMOKED GLASS
allow the natural light only
is the act of excavating or filling an earth or any sound material or combination GRADING
thereof in preparation for a finishing surface such as pavings
A floor finish commercially size 1"x1"x12" utilizing clay and fired in traditional VIGAN TILES
manner making interesting and attractive rustic clay shade patterns
Standard distance measure from the center of the drain hole of a water closet 305 mm
to a finish wall
A beam that supports smaller beams in floor system GIRDER BEAM
A horizontal piece of wood, stone, steel or concrete across the top of door or LINTEL BEAM
window opening to bear the weight of the walls above the opening
Pre-construction of components as part of the whole PRE FABRICATION
Wood defects are heart shakes, cup shakes, star shakes KNOTS
Lumber that is not squared or finished UNDRESSED LUMBER
WOOD PRESERVATIVE BRAND NAMES
XYLADECOR
CUPRINOL
SOLIGNUM
ALDRITE
MAPECON
SINGLE DOOR
hinges on left; open inward LEFT HAND

KAREN ANNE URBANO NAGUIT

 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 19 OF 33
hinges on right; open inward RIGHT HAND
hinges on left; open outward LEFT HAND REVERSE
hinges on right; open outward RIGHT HAND
VARIED BRICKS POSITIONS REVERSE
STRETCHER
HEADER
SOLDIER
ROWLOCK
SHINER
SAILOR
RABBET AND DADO
RABBET
DADO
RABBET & DADO
STOPPED DADO
DOVETAIL DADO
DOVETAIL
THROUGH SINGLE
THROUGH MULTIPLE
STOPPED LAP
HALF LAP
LAP
BLIND MITER
MORTISE AND TENON
FULL OR THROUGH
BLIND AND STUB
SHIP OR OPEN
HALF BLIND
HAUNCH
HAUNCH BLIND
KEYED
PINNED BLIND
WEDGE
LAP JOINT
MIDDLE LAP
CROSS LAP
END LAP
MITER HALF LAP
END JOINTS
SQUARED SPLICE
HALF LAP
FINGER
LAP
SPLICE
SCARF
EDGE JOINT
BUTT
SHIPLAP
FILLET
TOUNGE AND
GROOVE
BUTTERFLY
DOWEL
BATTEN
BACK BATTEN
SPLINE
BUTTERFLY SPLINE

KAREN ANNE URBANO NAGUIT

 1 The amount of heat which is absorbed or evolved in changing the state of a substance
without changing its temperature.
2 A system of devices, usually installed below ground level, to scatter or spray water
droplets over a lawn, golf course, or the like.
3 Minimum width of a septic tank.
4 Minimum length of a septic tank.
5 Minimum liquid depth for a septic tank.
6 Maximum liquid depth for septic tank.
7 Minimum capacity, in cubic meters, of the secondary compartment of a septic tank.
8 Minimum dimension of a manhole access to a septic tank.
9 Minimum length of the secondary compartment of a septic tank with a capacity of more
than 6 cubic meters.
10 Wooden septic tanks are allowed, true or false.
11 Minimum distance of a water supply well from a septic tank.
12 Minimum distance of a water supply well from a seepage pit or cesspool.
13 Minimum distance of a water supply well from a disposal field.
14 Minimum Gauge of galvanized sheet used for downspouts.
15 Minimum height of a water seal for each fixture trap.
16 Maximum height of a water seal for each fixture trap.
17 Maximum length of the tailpiece from any fixture.
18 Minimum extension of the VSTR above the roof.
19 Minimum extension of the VSTR above an openable window, door opening, air intake,
or vent shaft.
20 Minimum trap diameter for a bathtub
21 Minimum trap diameter for a shower stall.
22 Required number of water closets for females for an auditorium serving 16-35.
23 Required number of water closets for males for an auditorium serving 16-35.
24 Required number of urinals for an auditorium serving 10-50.
25 Required number of water closets for females for a theater serving 51-100.
26 Classifications of copper pipes.
27 A rough or sharp edge left on metal by a cutting tool.
28 Two types of passenger elevator.
29 Minimum elevator width of single slide door elevator for small commercial or residential
building.
30 A device that is basically a double throw switch of generally 3-pole connection that will
automatically transfer the power from the standby generator to the building circuitry
during electrical power failure.
31 TW in electrical wire specification means.

32 Another name for passenger elevator.

33 The minimum face to face distance between elevators in three and four car grouping.
34 Collection line of a plumbing system is sometimes referred to as.
35 Maximum height of a dumbwaiter.
36 A type of lighting that provides illumination to special objects like sculptures, flower
arrangements, etc.
37 XHHN in wire specification means.
Cross-Linked Thermos
38 Standard length of an electrical metal conduit.
39 An assembly consisting of a pulley wheel, side plates, shaft, and bearings over which a
cable or roped is passed.
40 The other type of flame detector other than the ultraviolet type.
41 PABX or PBX means.
42 Farad is the unit capacity of a ___.
43 Another name for distribution panel.
44 Type of plastic pipe other than polyvinyl chloride and polybutylene.
45 Standard size of wire for a circuit line.
46 Standard size of wire for a switch line.
47 A device for converting alternating current to direct current.
48 Another name for a Rectifier.
49 A controller sensitive to the degree of moisture in the air.
50 Another name for Humidistat.
51 Consist of a flyball or flyweight device designed to stop an elevator.
52 A stop valve placed in the service pipe close to the connection at the water main.
53 A vent with a function to provide circulation if air between drainage and vent system.
54 Flange used on a pipe to cover a hole or opening in a floor or wall which the pipe pass.
55 Length along the centerline of the pipe and fitting.
56 A valve used in a flush tank controlling the flushing of fixture.
57 Any liquid waste containing animal or vegetable matter in suspension or solution.
58 Component of fire extinguisher.
59 Interrelationship between value of voltage and current with the same frequency.
60 Descriptive of any material such as synthetic resin which hardens when heated or cured,
and does not soften when reheated.
61 An Instrument which responds to changes in temperature, and directly or indirectly
controls temperature.
62 Thin sheets that are used for controlling heat in drywall construction.
63 Conveys storm water and terminates into a natural drainage such as lakes or rivers.
64 A machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, a generator of
alternating current.
65 Freon in air-con must be compressed and liquefied in order to absorb ___.
66 Standard size of a wet standpipe outlet for each floor.
67 A type of pipe fitting for a Yoke Vent.
68 A device installed on an electric water heater used to detect the working temperature
to activate a switch.
69 Minimum size of trap or branch for a bidet.
70 Minimum fixture supply pipe diameter for tank type water closet.
71 True or false, 1 3/4" diameter is 'not' a commercial size of G.I. Pipe for water supply.
72 True or false, 3" diameter is 'not' a commercial size of G.I. Pipe for water supply.
73 Term applied to the interconnection of the same fixtures in one soil or waste branch with
one branch vent.
74 A single vent that ventilates multiple traps in the case of a back to back vent.
75 Minimum size of a standpipe for a building in which the highest outlet is 23 meters or less
from the fire service connection.
76 Minimum size of a wet standpipe for a riser of more than 15 meters from the source.
77 Single lever valves used in kitchen sink and lavatory faucets or at shower valves works by
the principle of a ___.
78 Treats hard water.
79 Minimum height of a branch vent above the fixture it is venting.
80 Minimum wire size in square millimeter for a branch circuit with a 30 ampere rating using
81 Type THW stranded copper conductor in a raceway.
82 Standard frequency of power supplied by the local power utility company like Meralco.
83 The overhead service conductors from the last pole or other aerial support to and including
splices, if any, connecting to the service entrance conductors at the building.
84 Unit of loudness level.
85 The process of dissipating sound energy by converting it to heat.
86 Distance sound travels during each cycle of vibration.
87 The reduction in the intensity or in the sound pressure level of sound which is transmitted
from one point to another.
88 Unit of sound absorption equivalent to 1 square foot of perfectly absorptive material.
 89 Acoustical phenomenon which causes sound wave to be bent or scattered around.
90 Minimum sound pressure level that is capable of being detected by the human ear.
91 Fluctuation in pressure, a particle displacement in an elastic medium.
92 Sound sensation in a single frequency.
93 Wave produced by a pure tone.
94 Synonymous with a lighting fixture.
95 The luminous intensity of light is expressed in ___.
96 It refers to an individual who worked in the sanitary field of ancient Rome.
97 In Latin, it means 'lead'.
98 A specially designed system of waste piping embodying the horizontal wet venting of one
99 or more sinks or floor drains by means of a common waste and vent pipe adequately
100 sized to provide free movement of air above the flow line of the drain.
101 Vertical flow of air used to separate different functions of spaces.
102 Type of lighting dealing with relatively large area lighting.
103 During elevator emergency, to rescue passengers, this part of the elevator is used to open
the doors from the outside.
104 A device which extends across at least 1/2 the width of each door leaf which will open if
subjected to pressure.
105 Sanitary sewage from buildings shall be discharged directly to the nearest ___.
106 Receptacles intended to receive and discharge water, water-carried waste into a drainage
system with which they are connected.
107 The simplest type of building automation system.
108 Standard size of an outlet for a dry standpipe located at each floor.
109 A vent pipe connected to a vent stack.
110 A vent pipe connected to a stack vent.
111 Instrument used for measuring atmospheric pressure.
112 Bets type of fire detection that can detect fire during the incipient stage.
113 Condensing unit is a part of a ___.
114 A fire detector installed in a fire alarm system which uses low melting point solders or
115 metal that expands when exposed to heat to detect a fire.
116 A faucet fitted with a nozzle curving downward used as a draw-off tap.
117 Heat rating for a fixed temperature heat detector.
118 Reference in measuring the depth of a trap seal of a trap.
119 A pipe fitting shaped like 'S'.
120 Minimum size of trap and waste branch for a shower stall.
121 Minimum size of trap and waste branch for a pedestal urinal.
122 Ratio of water closets for male population for elementary and secondary school.
123 Ratio of water closets for female population for elementary and secondary school.
124 Ratio of urinals for elementary school.
125 Ratio of water closets for female population for Principal Worship Places.
126 Minimum required number of water closets for female for office and public buildings
serving 55 occupants for employees.
127 Where there is exposure to skin contamination due to poisonous materials, what is the
ratio of lavatory to number of occupants.
128 Minimum head of water, in meters, required for each section of plumbing for water test.
129 How many days, at least, shall be given before any plumbing work inspection is done
after written notice for inspection.
130 Minimum time, in minutes, required for water to stay in the system or pipes for a water
test without any leaks to satisfy said testing.
131 Consist of a body, a checking member, and an atmospheric opening.
132 Minimum lead content in percent for pipes and fittings safe for humans.
133 Minimum vertical distance from the bottom of water pipes to the top of sewer or drain pipe
if laid in the same trench on top of the other.
134 Minimum distance of water pipings from any regulating equipment, water heater,
 conditioning tanks, and similar equipment requiring union fittings.
135 Maximum spacing of pipe supports at intervals.
136 Equivalent of 1/6 bend in degrees.
137 True or false, 60˚ branches or offsets may be used only when installed in a true vertical
position.
138 Cleanouts may be omitted on a horizontal drain less than 1.5 meters in length unless
139 such line is serving sinks or urinals, true or false.
140 Minimum clearance in front of any cleanout in meters for pipes 51mm or less in diameter.
141 Minimum clearance in front of any cleanout in meters for pipes larger than 51 mm. Dia.
142 Maximum distance of any underfloor cleanout from any access door, crawl space, or
crawl hole.
143 Maximum length of a tailpiece.
144 Minimum length of any branch requiring separate venting.
145 True or false, no galvanized wrought iron or galvanized steel pipe shall be used
underground and shall be kept at least 15 cms above ground.
146 Minimum extension of a vent stack through roof above the roof.
147 Minimum extension of a vent stack through roof above any other vertical surface.
148 Minimum vertical distance of VSTR from above of any openable window or opening.
149 Minimum vertical extension of VSTR from any roofdeck where it is protruded.
150 Minimum horizontal distance of any VSTR from a roofdeck used for other purposes aside
from protection from weather.
151 Minimum number of stories served by a waste stack requiring a parallel ventstack.
152 The rate of flow of light through a surface.
153 The luminous intensity of any surface in a given direction per unit of projected area.
154 A unit of illumination equivalent to 1 lumen per square foot.
155 A unit of illumination equivalent to 1 lumen per square meter.
156 Type of lighting system where 90-100% of light output is directed to the ceiling and upper
walls of the room.
157 The material used for filament in an incandescent bulb.
158 The equivalent of filament in a fluorescent lamp.
159 An automatic device used for converting high, fluctuating inlet water pressure to a lower
constant pressure.
160 An air-operated device used to open or close a damper or valve.
161 In theater stage house, a weight usually of iron or sand used to balance suspended
scenery, or the like.
162 On elevators, a gear-driven machine having a drum to which the wire ropes that hoist the
car are fastened, and on which they wind.
163 Vertical tracks that serves as a guide for the car and the counterweight.
164 Under NBC, the clearance between the underside of the car and the bottom of the pit
shall not be less than ___.
165 Under NBC, the minimum diameter of hoisting and counterweight rope.
166 Under NBC, the minimum width between balusters in an escalator.
167 Under NBC, the maximum rated speed of an escalator along the angle of travel.
168 The effective room temperature in air-conditioning.
169 A private telephone system that interconnects with public telephone systems.
170 Resistance in alternating current system.
171 The reciprocal of conductance.
172 The rate of flow of sound energy
173 Lighting used primarily to draw attention to particular points of interest.
174 A means of producing light from gaseous discharge.
175 A type of High-Intensity-Discharge lamp (HID).
176 Sound system input device that reacts to and converts variable sound pressure into
variable electrical current.
177 A rate of rise type detector.
178 Light originating from sources not facing each other, as from windows in adjacent walls.
179 The process of removing calcium and magnesium deposits in water.
180 A lighting unit consisting of one or more electrical lamps.
181 A louvered construction divided into cell-like areas and used for redirecting the light
emitted by an overhead source.
182 A graph used in air-conditioning and showing the properties of air-system mixtures.
183 Heat that raises air temperature.
184 The transmission of heat energy from one place to another by circulatory movement of a
mass of fluid.
185 A lamp designed to project and diffuse a uniform level of illumination over a large area.
186 In boilers, they function only when exceeds prescribed unsafe operating conditions.
187 What type of sound absorbent is best for lower band frequencies.
188 The bending of sound wave when traveling forward changes direction as it passes through
different densities.
189 True or false, number of fixture unit is one parameter in sizing a drainage pipe.
190 Water distribution system which constantly rely its pressure from the main water pipe
applied only if the highest fixture is supplied continuously with the flow rate and minimum
required working pressure.
191 What combination of pipe fittings is installed at the base of a soil stack?
192 What is the rating index of an air-conditioning/refrigeration system which rates the unit for
the number of BTU's of heat removed per watt of electrical input energy?
193 What mechanical equipment, coupled with a central air-conditioning system, is used to
to dehumidify and cool the air stream injected to a conditioned space.
194 A rigid metal housing for a group of heavy conductors insulated from each other and the
enclosure, also called Busduct.
195 A heavy conductor, usually in the form of a solid copper bar, used for collecting, carrying,
and distributing large electric currents, also called a busbar.
196 An approved assembly of insulated conductors with fitting and conductor terminations in
completely enclosed ventilated protective metal housing where the assembly is designed
to carry fault current and to withstand the magnetic forces of such current.
197 A type of perimeter detector which detects object in heat range of body temperature.
198 A type of perimeter detector which detects interruption of light beam.
199 A type of perimeter detector which detects change in sound wave pattern.
200 Women's urinal fixture.
201 True or false, brass and cast iron body cleanouts shall not be used as a reducer or
adapter.
202 A box with a blank cover which serves the purpose of joining one different runs of
raceways or cables and provided with sufficient space for connection and branching of the
enclosed conductors.
203 A type of water closet that is least efficient, subject to clogging, noisy, and use a simple
washout action through a small irregular passageway.
204 This type of water closet is similar to that of the siphon-jet except that it has a smaller
trap passageway and smaller water surface area, moderately noisy.
205 A type of water closet that is noisy but highly efficient. Strong jet into up leg forces
contents out. Use only with flush valve, requires higher pressure.
206 Water closet that is quiet, extremely sanitary, water is directed through the rim. It scours
bowl, folds over into jet; siphon.
207 A water closet that is sanitary, efficient, and very quiet. Water enters through the rim and
through the down leg.
208 A toilet bowl similar to the siphon-jet, but having the flushing water directed to the rim to
create circular motion or vortex which scours the bowl.
209 A toilet bowl in which the flushing water enters through the rim and a siphonic action
initiated by a water jet draws the contents of the bowl through the trapway.
210 A water closet similar to that of the siphon jet but with a smaller water surface and
 trapway.
211 This type of water closet is prohibited by some health codes.
212 The concussion and banging noise that results when a volume of water moving in a pipe
suddenly stops or loses momentum.
213 The length of a pipeline measured along the centerline of the pipe and pipe fittings.
214 A shutoff valve closed by lowering a wedge-shaped gate across the passage.
215 A valve closed by a disk seating on an opening in an internal wall.
216 Liquid sewage that has been treated in a septic tank or sewage treatment plant.
217 The centerline of pipe.
218 The interior top surface of a pipe.
219 The interior bottom surface of a pipe.
220 A type of perimeter detector which is subject to false alarm from aircraft radar and from
movement outside building through window, wood doors, and the like. It uses radio waves.
221 This type of perimeter detector uses both the Passive infrared and Ultrasonic or
222 Microwave system.
223 This type of perimeter detector detects a change in capacitance of the area covered,
caused by intrusion.
224 Color code for pipes containing acid.
225 A high intensity discharge lamp in which the light is produced by the radiation from a
mixture of a metallic vapor, similar to that of a mercury lamp in construction.
226 A type of lamp popular for lighting commercial interiors, uses argon gas to ease starting,
it produces light by means of an electric discharge in mercury vapor.
227 A type of lamp which produces light by means of the reaction of halogen additive in the
bulb reacts with chemically with tungsten.
228 A type of lamp generally used for roadways and sidewalks, uses sodium gas.
229 Building with fire alarm and suppression system.
230 This shows the vertical relationships of all panels, feeders, switches, switchboards, and
major components are shown up to, but not including, branch circuiting, it is an electrical
version of a vertical section taken through the building.
231 In elevator, it detects the obstacles during the door closing, and reopens the door if there
is something. Photocell can be used together with this.
232 It prevents passengers from falling into the hoistway when they try to get out
of the car which is stopped between the floors.
In elevator, it makes the buzzer alarm when the car is overloaded and the door remains
open until overloading is eliminated.
233 In elevator, it protects the equipment from over current.
234 In elevator, these prevent the excessive car travel at the highest and lowest floor.
235 In escalators, these stop the escalator if a foreign object becomes wedged at the guard.
236 In escalators, this is located at the bottom truss of the escalator and provided with on and
off positions to stop or prevents the escalator from starting during maintenance service.
237 This device, in escalators, is provided at the drive unit location to protect against
accidental movement of the escalator during inspection of the drives or during general
maintenance.
238 This device, in escalators, stops the escalator automatically if an abnormal current is
supplied to the motor.
239 This switch cuts off all current supply to the escalator for inspection, maintenance, or
repairs.
240 In a lightning protection system, the combination of a metal rod and its brace or footing,
on the upper part of a structure.
241 One of the earlier plastic to be developed in 1938, a du pont trade name for the white,
soft, waxy, and non-adhesive polymer of tetrafluoroethylene.
242 The number of cycles per unit time of a wave or oscillations expressed in hertz of cycles
per second.
243 Of a partition, the number of decibels by which sound is reduced in transmission through
 it; a measure of the sound insulation value of the partition, the higher the number, the
greater the insulation value.
244 The cooling effect obtained when 1 ton of ice at 32 oF (0 oC) melts to water at the same
tmeperature in 24 hrs. (equivalent to 12,000 Btu/hr)
 Latent Heat

Lawn Sprinkler System

90 cms.
1.50 mts.
60 cms.
1.80 mts.
1 cum.
508 mm.
1.50 mts.

0
15.20 mts.
45.70 mts.
30.50 mts.
26
51 mm.
102 mm.
60 cms.
15 cms.
0.90 mtr.

38 mm. (11/2")
51 mm. (2")
3
2
1
4
Rigid and Flexible
Burr
Electric and Hydraulic
0.60 mtr.

Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS)

Moisture resistant, in wet and

dry location
Lift
2 mts.
House Drain
1.20 mts.
Specific Lighting

Moisture and Heat Resistant-

Cross-Linked Thermosetting
10'
Sheave

Infra Red
Pvt. Automatic Branch Exchange
Capacitor
Power Panel
 Polyethylene
No. 12
No. 14
Rectifier
D.C. Generator
Humidistat
Hygrostat
Governor
Corporation Stop
Relief Vent
Escutcheon
Developed Length
Flush Valve
Sewage
Carbon Monoxide
Phase
Thermosetting

Thermostat

Rigid Board Insulation

Strom Sewer
Alternator

Heat
1 1/2" (38mm)
1/8 Bend
Thermostat

1 1/2"
3/8"
1
0
Battery of Fixtures

Common Vent
4" (102mm)

4" (102mm)
Ball Valve

Zeolite
6" (150mm)
5.5 sqmm

60 Cycles
Service Drop

Phon
Sound Absorption
Wavelength
Sound Attenuation

Sabin
 Sound Diffraction
Threshold of Audibility
Sound
Pure Tone
Sine Wave
Luminaire
Candela
Plumbarius
Plumbum
Combination
Waste
and Vent system
Air curtain
General Lighting
Outside Door Latch

Panic Bar

Sanitary Sewer Main

Fixture

Telecommunication System
2 1/2" (64mm)
Circuit Vent
Loop Vent
Barometer
Ionization
Refrigeration
Fixed Temperature
Heat Detector
Bibbcock
135-197˚F
Top Dip to Crown Weir
Double Bend
2"
3"
(1:30)
(1:25)
(1:75)
(1:75)
4

(1:5)

3
3

15 minutes

Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker

8%
300 mm

300 mm
 4'
60˚
1

0.305 mtr. / 305 mm

0.45 mtr. / 450 mm
6.10 mts.

600 mm
4.60 mts.
1

150 mm / 15 cms.
300 mm
0.90 mtr.
2.10 mts.
3.00 mts.

10
Luminous Flux
Luminance
Foot-Candle
Lux
Indirect Lighting

Tungsten
Cathode
Pressure Regulating Valve

Air Motor
Counterweight

Winding-Drum Machine

Guiderails
600 mm

30 mm
558 mm
38 Meters/Min
68-74 ˚F
PABX
Impedance
Resistance
Sound Intensity
Accent Lighting
Fluorescense
High-Pressure-Sodium (HPS)
Microphone

Thermal Detector
 Cross Light
Softening
Luminaire
Eggcrate

Psychrometric Chart
Sensible Heat
Convection

Floodlight
Limit Controls and Interlocks
Porous Absorbents
Refraction

1
Upfeed System / Direct Method

Wye and 1/8 Bend

Energy Efficiency Rating (EER)

Fan Coil Unit

Busway

Bus

Busway

Passive Infrared
Light Beam
Ultrasonic
Washdown
1

Pull Box

Washdown (WD)

Reverse Trap (RT)

Blowout (BO)

Siphon Vortex (SV)

Siphon Jet (SJ)

Siphon Vortex (SV)

Siphon Jet (SJ)

Reverse Trap (RT)

 Washdown (WD)
Water Hammer

Developed Length
Gate Valve
Globe Valve
Effluent
Spring Line
Crown
Invert
Microwave

Passive Infrared with

Ultrasonic (or Microwave)
Proximity / Capacitance

Black
Metal Halide Lamp

Mercury Lamp

Tungsten Halogen Lamp

High-Pressure-Sodium (HPS)
Intelligent Building
Riser Diagram

Safety Shoe

Fascia Plate

Weighing Device

Circuit Breaker
Limit Switches
Handrail Guard Switches
Disconnect Switch

Mechanical
Maintenance
Locking Device
Current Overload Safety Switch

Knife Switch

Air Terminal

Teflon

Frequency

Transmission Loss
Ton of Refrigeration