POETRY:

BASIC ELEMENTS
 P.O.E.T.R.Y.:
PLAYING WITH WORDS
IN ACRONYMIC STYLE
 ACTIVITY
Think of words or phrases that
start with each initial letter of the word “POETRY” and
are relevant to the topic of poetry.
IMBIBE ME
 GUIDE QUESTIONS
1.What Filipino value do you think is shown in the image?
Why do you think so?
2.When you pray, what do you usually pray for? Share some
lines from your prayers and explain why they are important
to you.
 GUIDE QUESTIONS

3. How does prayer play a role in your life? What does it

mean to you?
GUESS THE WORD
 HINT
A type of horse-drawn carriage or a traditional Filipino
horse-drawn vehicle. It is commonly used as a mode of
transportation in rural areas and small towns in the
Philippines. (10 letters)
WORD TO GUESS

Tartanilla
 GUIDE QUESTIONS
1. Based on the images shown, how would you describe a
tartanilla?
2. What are your thoughts on tartanilla as a vehicle? How
does it compare to other modes of transportation?
 GUIDE QUESTIONS
3. Do you think tartanillas are still commonly used today?
If so, where can they be found?
4. What significance does the tartanilla hold in Filipino
culture?
 Poetry is a garden
nourished by the soil
of imagination and
tended with the care
of language’s artistry.
If you were to analyze a poem right now, what would be
the first step you take?
 Tartanilla
by Ralph Semino Galan

I miss the sound of hoof steps In the stars. Perhaps the heroes too
Pattering on the pavement like rain. Have flown to the skies as comets

How I long for the sweet scent Acquiring pegasic wings no carriage
Of summer rain between late dusk Can resist, no memory can recall.

And early evening, like croaking Of

the frogs, evoking memories lost
BASIC ELEMENTS
OF POETRY
 FORM

Refers to how the poem is put together, like its

structure and design. This includes things like how it
rhymes, the rhythm of the words, how the lines are
grouped into stanzas, and how it looks on the
page.
 Tartanilla
by Ralph Semino Galan

I miss the sound of hoof steps In the stars. Perhaps the heroes too
Pattering on the pavement like rain. Have flown to the skies as comets

How I long for the sweet scent Acquiring pegasic wings no carriage
Of summer rain between late dusk Can resist, no memory can recall.

And early evening, like croaking Of

the frogs, evoking memories lost
Rhyming Rhyming poems have words that sound similar at the ends of
lines.
Poem
Faster than fairies, faster than witches,
Bridges and houses, hedges and ditches;
And charging along like troops in a battle,
All through the meadows the horses and
cattle:
All of the sights of the hill and the plain
Fly as thick as driving rain;
And ever again, in the wink of an eye,
Painted stations whistle by.
From a Railway Carriage
by Robert Louis Stevenson
 Tartanilla
by Ralph Semino Galan

I miss the sound of hoof steps In the stars. Perhaps the heroes too
Pattering on the pavement like rain. Have flown to the skies as comets

How I long for the sweet scent Acquiring pegasic wings no carriage
Of summer rain between late dusk Can resist, no memory can recall.

And early evening, like croaking Of

the frogs, evoking memories lost
 A limerick is a silly poem with five lines and only one stanza.
Limericks The first, second and fifth lines have three beats and rhyme with one another.
The third and fourth lines have two beats and rhyme with one another.

There was an Old Man with a beard,

Who said, ‘It was just as I feared!
Two Owls and a Hen,
Four Larks and a Wren,
Have all built their nests in my
beard!

There was an Old Man with a Beard

by Edward Lear
Counted Syllables:
Traditional Japanese haiku consists of three lines with seventeen syllables.
Haiku Traditional haikus has a 5-7-5 syllable pattern.
Modern haikus have broken away with this pattern.

An old pond!
A frog jumps in −
the sound of
water.
The Old Pond
by Matsuo Basho
Counted Syllables:
Cinquain is a five-line poem with 22 syllables.
Cinquain It has a 2-4-6-8-2 syllable pattern.

How frail
Above the bulk
Of crashing water hangs,
Autumnal, evanescent,
wan
The moon
Niagara
by Adelaide Crapsey
Shape Poems:
Diamante A diamante poem is a poem that makes the shape of a diamond.
Shape Poems:
Concerete Poem
Concrete poetry forms a shape with
words.

Needles
by Bilston Brian
Shape Poems:
Acrostic
The first letter of each line spells out a
word or message.
 LINE

The basic unit of poetry, often characterized by its

length, rhythm, and arrangement on the page.
Line In life there is no pleasure
One row of words in a To love and youth unknown,
poem
For love is life’s one treasure, Stanza
A group of lines
And love and life are one. separated from others in
a poem

In youth there is one sorrow

To love and life well known,
For beauty fades to-morrow
When youth from love has flown.

Love by Luis G. Dato

 IMAGERY

Descriptive language that appeals to the senses,

creating vivid mental pictures and sensory
experiences for the reader. This means the writer
chooses words that help you imagine how things look,
sound, feel, smell, or taste.
Sight The sky was painted with colors of orange, pink,
and purple.

Sound The ocean waves made a soft, calming sound.

Touch The rose petals felt soft and smooth like clouds.
Taste The lemon was sour, but then it tasted sweet.

Smell The bread smelled warm and yummy.

 SOUND DEVICES

Techniques such as rhyme, rhythm, alliteration,

assonance, consonance, and onomatopoeia that
create auditory effects and enhance the
musicality of a poem.
Alliteration Silly snakes slithered silently through the
when words start with soft sand.
the same sound.

Assonance The lonely crow flew slowly through the

the repetition of vowel gloomy sky.
sounds within words.

Consonance First and last, these words are fast.

same consonant
sounds are used close
together, but the vowels
are different.
Onomatopoeia The buzz of the bee was annoying.
when words sound like The fire crackled merrily.
the noise they describe. The balloon popped with a loud bang.

Rhyme The sky is blue, a lovely hue,

when the ending sounds With fluffy clouds, so white and new.
of words match. The sun is bright, a golden light,
A perfect day, what a delight!
 FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE

Figurative language adds depth, nuance, and emotion

to poetry by going beyond literal meanings and
inviting readers to interpret and experience the text in
different ways through the use of metaphors, similes,
personification, hyperbole, etc. It allows poets to
convey complex ideas, emotions, and experiences
through imaginative and creative language.
Simile Her eyes were like sparkling diamonds.
compares two different She is as sweet as honey.
things using "like" or
"as"

Metaphor She is a night owl.

direct comparison (This means she likes to stay up late, like
between two unlike an owl.)
things

The classroom is a zoo.

(It means the students are being loud and
playful, just like animals in a zoo.)
Personification The wind whispered through the trees.
when you give human
(The wind made a soft, quiet sound as it
qualities to something moved through the trees.)
that is not human.

The old house groaned in the storm.

(the old house made a sad, low sound
because of the strong wind and rain.)
Hyperbole That backpack weighs a ton!
(The backpack is very, very heavy.)
when you
exaggerate to
make a point. It's I'm so tired, I could sleep for a year.
like saying something
is much bigger, (The person is extremely tired. It's a way of
better, or worse than emphasizing how sleepy they feel.)
it really is.

I've told you a thousand times to clean your room!

(Someone has said something many, many times.
It doesn't mean they've actually said it a
thousand times, but it shows how frustrated they
are.)
 THEME

The central idea, message, or underlying

meaning of a poem, often expressed through
recurring images, symbols, or motifs.
Invictus by William Ernest Henley

Poem Excerpt:
"I am the master of my fate:
I am the captain of my soul."

Theme: Courage, perseverance, and the human

spirit
Poem Excerpt:
Best friends are like stars, shining bright,
Always there to make things right.
They listen, share, and never fight,
A special bond, a shining light."

Theme: importance of friendship

How do you look at the context of a poem?

• Poems often have biographical, historical, and socio-

cultural contexts because these contexts greatly
influence the themes, styles, and messages of the
poems.
 BIOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT
• Includes the life experiences, background,
beliefs, and personal history of the writer.
• Understanding the writer's biography can provide
insights into the motivations, emotions, and
perspectives behind their poems.
 BIOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT
• This context may influence the theme, subject, and style
of the writer.
• Personal experiences often shape the themes and
emotions explored in poetry, making biographical
context crucial for understanding the writer's
perspective and creative process.
Biographical Context

Farewell to you all, from my soul torn away,

Friends of my childhood, in the home of my day!
Farewell to you all, my native region; Pearl of the
Orient sea, our Eden.
My Last Farewell by Jose Rizal

Jose Rizal wrote "My Last Farewell" shortly before his execution. This poem is an expression of
his love for his country and his acceptance of his fate. Even though Rizal was about to die, the
poem shows how brave and strong he was. Knowing his life story helps us understand how
important and meaningful his poem is.
 HISTORICAL CONTEXT
• Refers to the time period, events, social conditions,
and cultural movements in which the poem was
written.
• Examining historical context helps readers understand
how societal changes, political events, or cultural shifts
may have influenced the poet's perspective and
message.
Historical Context

You may shoot me with your words,

You may cut me with your eyes,
You may kill me with your hatefulness,
But still, like air, I’ll rise.
Still I Rise by Maya Angelou

Maya Angelou wrote "Still I Rise" during a time when many Black people in America were treated
unfairly. They weren't given the same opportunities as others and were often treated unkindly.
The poem is like a message of hope and strength for people facing this kind of difficulty. It says that
even though things might be tough, they can still rise above it all and achieve their dreams.
 SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEXT
• Refers to the social, cultural, and ideological
environment in which the poem is produced and received.
• Socio-cultural context includes factors such as societal
norms, values, beliefs, traditions, and cultural identities.
SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEXT
• This context may influence the themes, symbols,
language choices, and interpretations of the
poem, as well as how the poem is received and
understood by different audience.
Socio-Cultural Context

Magtanim ay 'di biro

Maghapong nakayuko
'Di man lang makaupo
'Di man lang makatayo
Magtanim ay Di Biro (Song) by Bulilit Singers

"Magtanim ay Di Biro" is a socio-cultural context because:

• It reflects a specific period in Philippine history when agriculture was the main source of
livelihood.
• It encapsulates Filipino values and traditions.
• It provides a glimpse into the social and economic realities of rural life in the Philippines.
 Understanding Stories Better (Summary)

Guide Questions Who Wrote It? When and Where? People and Places

Context Biographical Context Historical Context Socio-Cultural Context

Imagine a story about Think of a story about a People are different in

a dog. If the person princess. If it's about a different places. Some
long time ago, the like to eat rice, others
who wrote it loves
princess might wear a like bread. Some wear
dogs, they might write
big, fancy dress. But if warm clothes, others
a happy story. But if
it's about now, she wear light clothes.
they're afraid of dogs,
Example might wear jeans! So, Knowing about how
the story might be people live helps us
scary. So, knowing knowing when and
understand the story
about the writer's life where a story happens
better. For example, a
helps us understand helps us understand
story about a city might
the story better. the characters and
be different from a story
what they do. about a farm.
PRACTICE TASK
 Filipino Heritage
by Francisco Balagtas

Our heritage, a tapestry rich and grand,

Woven with stories of our native land.
From Luzon's mountains to Mindanao's shores,
Filipino identity, forever soars.
 Guide Questions:

1. How would you describe the form and structure of

the poem? What do you notice about the length and
arrangement of the lines?
 Guide Questions:

2. Did the author use any imagery, sound devices

(like rhyme or alliteration), or figurative language
(like metaphors or similes)? Provide examples from
the poem.
 Guide Questions:

3. What do you think is the main message or theme

of the poem? How well did the author convey this
theme through their choice of words?
 Guide Questions:

4. What can you tell about the background of the

poem? Consider the author's life, the historical
period, or the cultural setting when the poem was
written.
 LESSON
ACTIVITY
 DIRECTION
Work in pairs. Analyze the poem and answer the
*table provided.

*refer to LAS
 Tartanilla
by Ralph Semino Galan

I miss the sound of hoof steps In the stars. Perhaps the heroes too
Pattering on the pavement like rain. Have flown to the skies as comets

How I long for the sweet scent Acquiring pegasic wings no carriage
Of summer rain between late dusk Can resist, no memory can recall.

And early evening, like croaking Of

the frogs, evoking memories lost
EXIT SLIP:
3, 2, 1
 Learners’ Takeaways

• Write three things you learned from this lesson.

• List down two things you want to learn more
about.
• Ask one question about the lesson.