Important Questions - Human Anatomy and Physiology (Pharm.
D 1st Year, GTU)
1. Scope of Anatomy and Physiology
- Define anatomy and physiology. Differentiate between the two.
- Describe anatomical planes and body positions with diagrams.
2. Structure of Cell
- Describe the structure and functions of a typical animal cell.
- Write functions of: mitochondria, lysosomes, ribosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum.
3. Elementary Tissues of the Human Body
- Classify tissues. Explain types of epithelial tissue with diagrams.
- Describe connective tissue and its functions.
- Differentiate between skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle.
4. Osseous System
- Describe the structure and functions of the skeleton.
- Classify joints. Name and explain types of joint movements.
- Write short notes on disorders of joints.
5. Haemopoetic System
- Describe blood composition and its functions.
- Explain haemopoiesis and disorders of blood components.
- Write a note on blood groups and their importance in transfusion.
- Explain the clotting mechanism and disorders of coagulation.
Important Questions - Human Anatomy and Physiology (Pharm.D 1st Year, GTU)
6. Lymphatic System
- Explain the structure and functions of the lymphatic system.
- Write functions of spleen.
- Define disorders of the lymphatic system.
7. Cardiovascular System
- Describe the anatomy and function of the heart with a labeled diagram.
- Explain pulmonary and systemic circulation.
- Write short notes on ECG and cardiac cycle.
- Define hypertension and congestive heart failure.
- Explain regulation of blood pressure.
8. Respiratory System
- Describe the structure and function of the respiratory system.
- Explain the mechanism of respiration.
- What is hypoxia? Define dybarism and asphyxia.
9. Digestive System
- Describe the anatomy and physiology of GIT.
- Explain digestion and absorption in small intestine.
- Write functions of liver and pancreas.
10. Nervous System
- Classify the nervous system.
Important Questions - Human Anatomy and Physiology (Pharm.D 1st Year, GTU)
- Explain the structure and functions of the brain.
- Write functions of cranial nerves.
- Explain ANS with sympathetic and parasympathetic functions.
11. Urinary System
- Explain the structure and functions of the nephron.
- What is the role of the Renin-Angiotensin system?
- Write a note on clearance tests.
12. Endocrine System
- Describe functions of the pituitary gland.
- Write functions of adrenal and thyroid gland.
- Write a note on pancreas and gonads.
13. Reproductive System
- Describe male and female reproductive systems.
- Explain menstrual cycle and hormonal regulation.
- Define spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
14. Sense Organs
- Describe the structure and function of the eye.
- Write a note on skin and its functions.
15. Skeletal Muscles
Important Questions - Human Anatomy and Physiology (Pharm.D 1st Year, GTU)
- Explain the physiology of muscle contraction.
- Write a note on histology of skeletal muscle.
16. Sports Physiology
- Discuss the effects of exercise on muscles and cardiovascular system.
- Write a note on drugs and athletics.
