UNIT 5 Now and Then In this unit, I will learn to . . .

• talk about the past and the present.

• use indefinite pronouns: someone,
nothing, . . .
1I Get Ready Pair and Share • listen and put events in order.
Pair and Share
Do you think change is good? Why or why not?

2 IA. Look at the Vocabulary

pictures and discuss. Do you wish that you grew up in the 1990s? How do you
feel technology has changed us? Listen to the audio.
Discussion

3I Grammar

4I Listening

5 INobody had a cell phone in

Pronunciation Social media didn’t exist. There
Pair and Share It was harder to find information.
Pair and Share
1990. If you got lost, you had to was only one phone at home, Today, you can quickly look up
go to a pay phone. More often and someone was always using information for your homework
than not, plans were made it. On the other hand, teens met on the Internet. In 1990,
6 Iin advance. If you wanted to
Conversation Pair and Share
in person all the time. They had teenagers spent a lot more time
Pair and
meet your Share
friends at the mall, it many parties and get-togethers. doing research at the library.
was impossible to change the They relied on books and
meeting point at the last minute. articles. It took a lot longer than it
7I Reading does today. Aren’t you glad you
live in the present?

B. Match the words to their meaning.

8 I 1. mall 1 I •
Get Ready
Writing
• come together to talk
Pair and Share
With a partner, ask and answer questions
2. meet • • in a short time about the past and present.
2I Vocabulary
3. (didn’t) exist • • a place with many stores What’s another thing that’s
changing?
4. impossible • • not possible People don’t buy CDs and DVDs
3I Grammar anymore. Everything is online.
5. get-together • • there weren’t any
Ask and answer questions about these
6. quickly • • investigation
changes.
4I Listening
7. research • • an informal social meeting Do you think these changes
are good or bad?
a specific place where
8. meeting point • •
5I Pronunciation
you meet others Pair and Share
In some ways, it’s good . . .

44 Unit 5
6I Conversation Pair and Share
Pair
2 I and Share
Vocabulary

A. Listen to the audio and read along. Guess the meaning of the words in bold.
3 IWOMAN: You go toGrammar
the local market a lot. Why?
MAN: I like the markets. The people are nice and the food is cheap. You can quickly buy what you
need. A market is a good meeting point for get-togethers. What do you think?
4 IWOMAN: Hmm, I actually
Listening
like the mall. You can find so many stores there. It’s impossible to find good
clothes in a market. And it’s easier for me to meet my friends there!
MAN: That’s true. Markets have existed for a long time, and they are good for some things. But times
are changing: there are more malls and fewer markets. It’s not a problem, really. You just
5I Pronunciation
need Pairandand
to go to the market for some things Share
the mall for other things.
Pair and Share
WOMAN: 
Hmm, maybe you’re right! I guess I should research where I can get what I want.

Pair
6 I and Share
Conversation Pair and Share
Word Box
change
Pair
7 and Share Reading
Icheap
exist
get-together a b c
impossible
8 Imall Writing
market
meet
meeting point
problem
quickly
Pair and Share
research d e f

B. Match the phrases to the pictures.

Pair and Share
1. walking in the mall 4. doing research in the library

2. a meeting point 5. cheap food

Pair
3. and Share in a market
vegetables 6. passing the ball quickly

C. Complete the sentences using the correct words from the box. Then listen and check your
answers.
The man says a market is a good (1) for get-togethers and the food is
(2) . The woman thinks it is (3) to buy good clothes at the market and
she prefers to go to the (4) . The man says that the times are (5) and
that markets are disappearing.

Unit 5 45
3I Grammar

There was / There were

4 IUse there was and Listening
there were to describe existence in the past.

A. In pairs, look at the pictures and discuss the differences between them. Use there was /
there were and there is / there are when possible.
5I Pronunciation Pair and Share

6I Conversation Pair and Share

7I Reading

8 IB. Complete the conversations

Writing with the correct forms from the box.
there was there were was there
there wasn’t there weren’t were there

1. 3.
Ryan: How was the party last Saturday? Ryan: a DJ?
Seth: It was really good. Seth: N
 o, .
Ryan: a lot of people? But good music.
Everybody danced. I’m sorry you
Seth: Yes, . couldn’t go to the party.
Ryan: Yeah, me too. Maybe next time.

2.
Ryan: good food?
Seth: 
Yes! hamburgers and
salads. any sodas,
but fresh fruit drinks.

C. Choose the correct answers.

1. B
 efore the year 1900, only one style for young boys and girls: long
white dresses.
a. there are b. there was c. is there

2. Before 1900, any children’s clothes in the U.S. Kids wore small adults’ clothes.
a. wasn’t there   b. there aren’t   c. there weren’t

46 Unit 5
3. In the 19th century, any difference in colors for boys’ and girls’ clothes.
a. there wasn’t b. was there c. there weren’t

4. A: do boys wear blue and girls pink?

B: Because after 1900, boys and girls were dressed differently.

a. Why b. How c. What time

5. A: Why did children have two sets of clothes?

B: they had one set for weekdays and another for Sundays and holidays.
a. After b. Before c. Because

Indefinite Pronouns
Indefinite pronouns do not refer to any specific person or thing. Indefinite pronouns include anybody,
anyone, anything, each, everybody, nobody, nothing, no one, somebody, and someone. These indefinite
pronouns are singular and go with verbs in the singular form. Indefinite pronouns like some and few go
with verbs in the plural form.

Pronoun Explanation
Someone took1my
I history book. Get Ready Pair
I don’t know who took it. and Share
I didn’t like anything at that restaurant. Use anything in a negative sentence: I tried different
things at the restaurant and didn’t like them.
2 I of cake, and then
We all had a piece Vocabulary
there We ate all the cake. No piece was left.
was nothing left.
We loved the concert. No one left early. Not one person left early.
3I Grammar For grammar reference, go to the Grammar Appendix.

D. Complete the conversation with words from the box.

someone nothing ago
anything
4I Listening
no one

ALISON: Dad! I can’t find my blue earrings. I took them from their
box an hour ago. Are they on the table?
5I Pronunciation Pair and Share
FATHER: No, there’s (1) here.
ALISON: Maybe (2) took them. With a partner, ask and answer
questions using indefinite
6I Conversation
FATHER: I don’t think so. Didn’t you leave them in your room? Pair and Share
pronouns.
ALISON: I can’t remember (3) !
FATHER: Sweetie? (4) took them. You’re Is anybody absent today?
wearing them!
7I Reading
ALISON: You’re right. I put them in an hour No, . . .
(5) . I can’t believe it!

8I Writing
Unit 5 47
4I Listening Listening Strategy:
Put events in order

Before Listening Putting events in order helps you

organize the ideas of a listening.
5 IA. Look at Pronunciation
the pictures. What do you thinkPair
the and Share
conversations will be about?

6I Conversation Pair and Share

7I Reading

Pair and Share

8I Writing
B. Listen to the first conversation. Then number the events in the correct order.

1 I She washes clothes.

Get Ready Pair and Share
She works at the hospital.
Pair and Share
She takes the bus home.

2 IC. Listen to theVocabulary

second conversation. Then number the events in the correct order.
Aunt Nannan and Uncle Ju-Long moved into their own apartment.
Aunt Nannan lived at home with her parents.
3I Grammar
Aunt Nannan married Uncle Ju-Long.

Pair and
After Share
Listening
4 ID. Think about anListening
interesting event that took place recently in your school. Share with
a partner.
Pair and Share
5I Pronunciation Pair and Share
Pair and Share
Informal speaking: Final t in wasn’t and weren’t
6 ISometimes when you speak, you say the wordsPair
Conversation quicklyand Share
and the sounds blend together. This is a form of
Pair andspeaking.
informal ShareWhen you say the words wasn’t, weren’t, isn’t and aren’t, you often blend the final -t
Pair and Share
sound with the sound at the beginning of the next word.

7 IA. Listen to these sentences.

ReadingDraw lines where the end of words with a final -t blend into the
beginning of the next word.
Pair andaren’t
1. There Sharemany little children in my family. 3. Bill and Luke weren’t tired after the game.
2. There weren’t a lot of people at the party.
8I Writing 4. They aren’t English; they’re Scottish.
B. Listen to the audio and repeat.
48 Unit 5
6I Conversation Pair and Share
Speaking Strategy:
Give reasons
Giving reasons for your ideas and
7I Reading opinions will help other people
understand and believe in what you are
saying. Use that’s why, because, and
why.

8I Writing

Pair and Share

A. Listen to the conversation and complete the sentences. Then listen again and check
your answers.
Dave: How has London changed since you were young, Grandpa?
Grandpa: Oh, it’s much better now.
Dave: Better? (1) ?
Grandpa: (2) there is more work now, and less pollution. The economy was very bad

when I was young. (3) a lot of workers lost their jobs.

Dave: (4) didn’t you lose your job?
Grandpa: (5) I worked with computer technology. It was a new field then. But they
weren’t like the ones we have today.
Pair and Share
Dave: (6) not? (7) they were slow?
Grandpa: Yes, and they were a lot bigger, too. Computers today are small and light. (8)
they are so easy to carry.
Pair and Share

B. Your Turn
Roleplay
1 Ithe conversationGet
with Ready
a partner. How
would Dave respond? Write your answer in the
Pair and Share
blank space. With a partner, ask and answer questions
about important events in your life.
Pair
Yourand
idea: Share
2I Vocabulary
Where did you go to
elementary school?
C. Listen to the audio and take notes. Prepare
to ask 3 I went to New World
and Grammar
I answer questions about important
Elementary School in Taipei.
events in your life.

Unit 5 49
4I Listening
7I Reading Reading Strategy:
Make predictions from pictures
• Before reading a text, look at the pictures.
Before Reading
• Ask yourself questions about the pictures such as Where
8 Writing
IA. Look at the pictures. Ask questions was it taken?, When was it taken?, What is happening?,
about the pictures starting with where, or Why did it happen? to understand events and details
when, what, and why. better.

A B

C D

Pair and the

B. Read Share
text and underline details that describe how cities in Southeast Asia
have changed.

Changes in Southeast Asia

Life in Southeast Asia has changed a lot over the last 40 years.
1. Traffic is a big problem today. Cities are getting bigger, and there are more and more cars. Roads
are crowded, and the cars and motorbikes create pollution. People need other ways to get around.
In Manila, Philippines, there is a system of elevated trains that travel quickly in the city. It is cheap,
so millions of people use it. In Bangkok, Thailand, the Skytrain is a popular means of transportation.
These elevated trains didn’t exist 40 years ago.
2. Malls are very popular in many Asian cities. People meet friends there, go shopping, eat at
restaurants, watch movies, or go ice skating. Many malls were built after 1990, and new ones go up
every year. Some malls have parking space for thousands of cars.
3. More people live in cities, so daily life has changed. In Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, for example, there
were quiet vegetable markets and parks. Today, people move fast and are always busy. Markets and
Pairparks
andareShare
crowded and noisy.
How will life be different 40 years from now? City planners all over Asia are already thinking about the future.

Pair and Share

50 Unit 5
3I Grammar
After Reading
C. Answer the questions.
4 I1. Listening
How did Manila solve the traffic problem? 3. How has Ho Chi Minh changed?
2. Why are malls a good use of space? 4. What kinds of changes do you see in the future?

D. Match the paragraph numbers to the pictures. Complete the chart by writing questions
5 Iabout eachPronunciation Pairwhat,
picture starting with where, when, andorShare
why.

Picture Paragraph Question

6IA Conversation Pair and Share

B
C
7I D Reading

8I Writing Writing Strategy:

Write topic sentences
A. Read and underline the sentence in each paragraph Writing topic sentences helps
that best summarizes the entire paragraph. Where in the you introduce the main idea of a
paragraph is it located? paragraph.

Changes in Chicago in the Last 20 Years

Chicago is a fun and exciting city. It has so many things to see and
do! There are many parks, restaurants, museums, and shows. The
Art Institute, for example, is one of the best museums in the country.
If you’re a sports fan, you can check out a baseball game at Wrigley
Field. There’s always something interesting to do.

Many tourists come to the beautiful new convention center, or to the Lollapalooza music festival in Grant
Park. Modern buildings attract visitors, too. These and many other attractions make Chicago a popular
place to visit.

The city used to be very polluted. There was trash in the river and lake. There were too many cars,
trucks, and factories. Now, the city is becoming very “green.” Thousands of people ride their bikes. It’s
easy to recycle, too. There are special baskets where you can put glass, plastic, and paper. Chicago is
more eco-friendly than it used to be.

B. Read again and write the topic sentences on the lines provided.
C. Write a topic sentence about your city. Then write a paragraph with details to
support the topic sentence.
Unit 5 51