Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each)

1. Which of the following is a derived quantity?

A. Time
B. Length
C. Force ✅
D. Mass

2. What is the SI unit of electric field intensity?

A. Coulomb
B. Newton
C. Volt
D. Newton per Coulomb ✅

3. What is the shape of a velocity-time graph for constant acceleration?

A. A curve
B. A horizontal line
C. A vertical line
D. A straight line ✅

4. Which of the following statements about projectile motion is TRUE?

A. Horizontal velocity increases during motion
B. Acceleration acts vertically downward ✅
C. The motion is circular
D. The horizontal and vertical motions are dependent

5. According to Coulomb’s Law, the electrostatic force between two charges is:
A. Proportional to the square of the distance between them
B. Inversely proportional to the distance
C. Inversely proportional to the square of the distance ✅
D. Independent of the distance

6. The critical angle occurs when light moves from:

A. Air to glass
B. Water to air ✅
C. Glass to air
D. Air to water

7. Which of these is NOT a renewable energy source?

A. Solar
B. Wind
C. Natural gas ✅
D. Hydropower

8. The quantity that has both magnitude and direction is called:

A. Scalar
B. Vector ✅
C. Speed
D. Energy

9. What instrument is commonly used to measure mass in physics labs?

A. Thermometer
B. Vernier caliper
C. Beam balance ✅
D. Stopwatch
10. Work is said to be negative when:
A. Displacement is zero
B. Force is in the direction of motion
C. Force opposes the motion ✅
D. Object remains at rest

Section B: Open-Ended Questions

1. Describe the difference between fundamental and derived

quantities. Give two examples of each.

Answer:

Fundamental quantities are base physical quantities that cannot be derived from others
(e.g., mass, time).




Derived quantities are those formed by combining fundamental quantities (e.g., velocity,
density).

2. Explain how you can measure the acceleration of a freely falling

object using a velocity-time graph.

Answer:

Plot velocity on the y-axis and time on the x-axis.




The slope (gradient) of the straight-line graph gives the acceleration.




For free fall, this slope equals 9.8 m/s² (acceleration due to gravity).


3. What is Coulomb’s Law? State the formula and define its terms.

Answer:
Coulomb’s Law states that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the
product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Formula:
F=kq1q2r2F = k \frac{{q_1 q_2}}{{r^2}}F=kr2q1q2
Where:

FFF = electrostatic force




q1,q2q_1, q_2q1,q2 = charges




rrr = distance between charges




kkk = Coulomb’s constant (8.99×109 Nm2/C28.99 \times 10^9 \, \text{Nm}^2/\

text{C}^28.99×109Nm2/C2)

4. Describe the laws of reflection and how they apply to the formation
of images in a plane mirror.

Answer:

Law 1: The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.




Law 2: The incident ray, reflected ray, and normal all lie in the same plane.




In a plane mirror, these laws ensure that the image appears to be the same distance
behind the mirror as the object is in front, and laterally inverted.
 

5. Compare and contrast renewable and non-renewable sources of

energy. Provide one example of each and mention one advantage and
disadvantage of each.

Answer:

Renewable: Comes from natural sources that replenish (e.g., solar).

Advantage: Sustainable

o
o

Disadvantage: Dependent on weather

Non-renewable: Limited sources like coal or natural gas.

Advantage: High energy output

o
o

Disadvantage: Pollution and depletion

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Great! Here are additional multiple-choice and open-ended questions based on the remaining
topics in the syllabus. This set continues from the previous one and ensures wider coverage across
all six learning outcomes.

🧪 APPLIED GENERAL PHYSICS – ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (continued)

11. Which of these quantities has dimensions of MLT−2\text{MLT}^{-2}MLT−2?

A. Velocity
B. Acceleration
C. Force ✅
D. Energy

12. A measuring instrument used to measure small lengths accurately is:

A. Meter rule
B. Stopwatch
C. Vernier caliper ✅
D. Thermometer

13. What type of error arises due to limitations of the measuring instrument?
A. Random error
B. Systematic error ✅
C. Human error
D. Personal error

14. A body is said to be in free fall when:

A. It moves upward
B. Only gravity acts on it ✅
C. It moves in circular motion
D. It is suspended

15. The horizontal range of a projectile is maximum when the angle of projection is:
A. 30°
B. 60°
C. 45° ✅
D. 90°

16. The component of velocity in horizontal direction for projectile motion is:
A. Increasing
B. Decreasing
C. Constant ✅
D. Zero

17. Electric field lines:

A. Start from positive and end at negative charges ✅
B. Form closed loops
C. Are perpendicular to magnetic field lines
D. Show force on a neutral object

18. What device stores electric charge?

A. Resistor
B. Capacitor ✅
C. Transformer
D. Ammeter

19. The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another is called:
A. Reflection
B. Refraction ✅
C. Dispersion
D. Scattering

20. A pinhole camera works based on the principle of:

A. Refraction
B. Diffraction
C. Rectilinear propagation of light ✅
D. Interference

Section B: Open-Ended Questions (continued)

6. State and explain Snell’s Law of refraction.

Answer:
Snell’s Law relates the angle of incidence and refraction when light passes between two media:

n1sin⁡θ1=n2sin⁡θ2n_1 \sin \theta_1 = n_2 \sin \theta_2n1sinθ1=n2sinθ2

Where:

n1,n2n_1, n_2n1,n2 are refractive indices




θ1,θ2\theta_1, \theta_2θ1,θ2 are angles of incidence and refraction

It explains how light bends towards the normal in a denser medium and away in a rarer
medium.

7. Differentiate between scalar and vector quantities with two

examples of each.

Answer:
 

Scalars have magnitude only (e.g., temperature, speed).




Vectors have both magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity, force).

8. A 2 kg object is moving at 3 m/s. Calculate its kinetic energy.

Answer:

KE=12mv2=12×2×32=12×2×9=9 JoulesKE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 = \frac{1}

{2} \times 2 \times 3^2 = \frac{1}{2} \times 2 \times 9 = 9 \, \
text{Joules}KE=21mv2=21×2×32=21×2×9=9Joules

9. Explain how energy is conserved during a collision between two

objects.

Answer:
In an elastic collision, both kinetic energy and momentum are conserved.
In an inelastic collision, momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy is partly transformed into
other forms like heat or sound.

10. Describe how you would use a simple pendulum to determine the
acceleration due to gravity.

Answer:

Measure the time (T) for several oscillations and divide to get the period.




Use the formula:

g=4π2lT2g = \frac{4\pi^2 l}{T^2}g=T24π2l

Where lll is the length of the pendulum and TTT is the period.


Plot T2T^2T2 vs. lll, and calculate the slope to find ggg.