NOVA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES &
RESEARCH CENTRE
List of Topics : Physiology TOPICS: 12, COMPETENCIES: 136
1) General physiology – i) cell, intercellular communication & application in clinical care & research
ii) homeostasis & feedback mechanism
iii) apoptosis
iv) transport mechanisms across cell membranes
v) fluid compartments of body
vi) ph & buffer system in body
vii) molecular basis of RMP & Generation of action potential in nerve fibre
2) Haematology – i) Blood
ii) plasma proteins
iii) breakdown of haemoglobin
iv) erythropoiesis
v) anaemias, polycythemia & jaundice
vi) leucopoiesis, regulatory mechanisms
vii) immunity
viii) platelets
ix) hemostasis, coagulation pathways, anticoagulants, bleeding & clotting disorders
x) blood groups
xi) Hb, rbc, tlc, dlc, blood groups, bt/ct, rbc indices
xii) test for ESR, osmotic fragility, hematocrit
xiii) steps of reticulocyte & platelet count
3) Nerve & muscle physiology – i) Neuron & neuroglia, nerve growth factors
ii) nerve fibers properties, strength duration curve, chronaxie & rheobase
iii) nerve injury & degeneration and regeneration in peripheral nerves
iv) NMJ
V) Neuromuscular junction: MG, Lambert eaton syndrome, NM blocking agents
vi) muscle fibres, structure & physiological basis of action potential
vii) muscle contraction in skeletal muscle
viii) muscle contraction in smooth muscle
ix) mode of muscle contraction, energy source, metabolism & gradation of muscular activity
x) myopathies
xii) Ergography
xiii) amphibian nerve – muscle & cardiac experiments
4) GI Physiology – i) functional anatomy of digestive system
ii) GI Hormones
iii) saliva
iv) gastric juice, gastric function tests
v) intestinal juices
vi) digestion & absorption of nutrients
vii) GIT movements, defecation reflex & dietary fibres
viii) Liver & gallbladder, LFTs
ix) gut-brain axis
x) PU, GERD, Vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, adynamic ileus, hirschsprungs disease
xi) examination of abdomen in a volunteer
5) Cardiovascular – i) heart & coronary circulation
ii) cardiac muscle
iii) cardiac impulse with conduction pathway
iv) ECG
v) ECG waveforms
vi) cardiac cycle
vii) heart sounds & murmur
viii) haemodynamics of circulatory system
ix) local & systemic cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms
x) heart rate and its regulation
xii) cardiac output
xiii) blood pressure
xiv) regional circulation
xv) shock, syncope heart failure
xvi) record BP & Pulse
xvii) ECG interpretation
xviii) general & clinical examination of cardiovascular system
6) Respiratory physiology – i) functional anatomy of lungs
ii) non respiratory functions of lungs
iii) normal respiration mechanism
iv) alveolar surface tension, compliance, airway resistance, ventilation, v/p ratio, diffusion
capacity of lungs
v) transport of respiratory gases
vi) chemoreceptors and neural centres of respiration
vii) pathophysiology of dyspnea, hypoxia, cyanosis, asphyxia, drowning, periodic breathing, and
oxygen therapy
viii) lung function tests
ix) obstructive & restrictive lung diseases
x) high altitude & acclimatization
xi) deep sea diving & decompression sickness
xii) spirometry
xiii) artificial respiration
xiv) examination of respiratory system
xv) peak expiratory flow rate
7) Renal system – i) Functional anatomy of kidney & non excretory functions of kidney
ii) juxtaglomerular apparatus & role of renin-angiotensin system
iii) mechanism of urine formation – filtration, tubular reabsorption & secretion
iv) urine concentration & dilution
v) renal regulation of fluid & electrolytes & acid-base balance
vi) innervations of urinary bladder, physiology of micturition & its abnormalities
vii) cystometry & discuss the normal cystometrogram
viii) RFT
ix) role of artificial kidneys, dialysis & indications of renal transplant
8) Endocrine system – i) Functional anatomy of endocrine glands
ii) mechanism of hormonal action & Hypothalamus pituitary axis
iii) altered secretion of pituitary gland
iv) altered secretion of thyroid gland, TFTs
v) altered secretion of adrenal gland & its functions
vi) altered secretion of parathyroid gland with emphasis of physiology of bone & calcium
metabolism
vii) altered secretion of pancreatic gland including pancreatic function tests
viii) thymus & pineal gland
9) Reproductive system –
i) Sex determination, differentiation & their abnormalities & discuss the effects of removal
of gonads on physiological functions
ii) puberty
iii) Male reproductive system
iv) spermatogenesis
v) functions & regulations of testosterone hormone
vi) female reproductive system
vii) hormonal regulation by HPG axis
viii) menstrual cycle
ix) Male & female contraceptive methods
x) Pregnancy, parturition & lactation
xi) Various pregnancy tests
xii) Perimenopause & menopause
xiii) Causes of infertility in couple
xiv) IVF
10) Central Nervous system
i) Functional organization of CNS
ii) Peripheral nervous system
iii) Classify neurotransmitters & discuss chemical transmission in nervous system
iv) Synapse
v) Reflex
vi) Receptors
vii) Somatic sensations, ascending tracts, & applied aspects of sensory system
viii) Pain & its pathways
ix) Gate control theory of pain
x) Course of descending tracts
xi) UMN & LMN lesions
xii) Spinal cord lesions
xiii) Brown Sequard syndrome
xiv) Cerebellum
xv) Basal ganglia
xvi) Tone, posture, control of body movements
xvii) Thalamus
xviii) Hypothalamus
xix) Limbic system
xx) Cerebral cortex
xxi) Reticular activating system
xxii) Sleep
xxiii) Sleep wake cycle
xxiv) EEG
xxv) Memory, learning & speech
xxvi) Examination of CNS
xxvii) Examination of cranial nerves
11) Special senses –
i) smell
ii) taste sensation
iii) ear & auditory pathways, vestibular apparatus & equilibrium
iv) hearing, deafness & hearing tests
v) eye, visual pathway, light & pupillary reflex
vi) image formation, refractive errors
vii) colour vision & colour blindness
12) Integrated physiology –
i) Temperature regulation
ii) Adaptation to altered temperature
iii) Mechanism of fever, cold injuries & heat stroke
iv) Cardio- respiratory & metabolic adjustments during exercise
v) Effects of physical training under different environmental conditions
vi) Physiological consequences of sedentary lifestyle
vii) Metabolic & endocrinal consequences of obesity & metabolic syndrome
viii) Infancy, growth charts & anthroprometric assessment of infants
ix) Aging, role of free radicals and antioxidants
x) Brain death & its implications
xi) Yoga & meditation
xii) General examination
xiii) Basic life support in simulated environment
xiv)
