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Physics Class Notes

These physics class notes cover fundamental concepts including kinematics, dynamics, work, energy, thermodynamics, waves, sound, light, electricity, magnetism, and modern physics. Key principles such as Newton's laws, the laws of thermodynamics, and the behavior of waves and light are outlined. The notes serve as a comprehensive overview of essential physics topics and formulas.

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piyushkumarranjan514
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259 views3 pages

Physics Class Notes

These physics class notes cover fundamental concepts including kinematics, dynamics, work, energy, thermodynamics, waves, sound, light, electricity, magnetism, and modern physics. Key principles such as Newton's laws, the laws of thermodynamics, and the behavior of waves and light are outlined. The notes serve as a comprehensive overview of essential physics topics and formulas.

Uploaded by

piyushkumarranjan514
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Physics Class Notes

1. **Basic Concepts**

- Physics: The study of matter, energy, and the interaction between them.

- Physical quantities: Quantities that can be measured (e.g., mass, time, length).

- SI Units: Standard units for measurement (e.g., meter, kilogram, second).

2. **Kinematics**

- Motion: Change in position with time.

- Speed = Distance / Time

- Velocity: Speed with direction.

- Acceleration = Change in Velocity / Time

- Equations of Motion:

v = u + at

s = ut + 0.5at²

v² = u² + 2as

3. **Dynamics**

- Newton's Laws of Motion:

1st Law: An object remains in rest/motion unless acted upon by a force.

2nd Law: F = ma

3rd Law: For every action, there's an equal and opposite reaction.

4. **Work, Energy, and Power**

- Work = Force × Displacement

- Energy: Capacity to do work.


- Kinetic Energy = 0.5mv²

- Potential Energy = mgh

- Power = Work / Time

5. **Heat and Thermodynamics**

- Heat: Form of energy due to temperature difference.

- Temperature: Measure of average kinetic energy.

- Laws of Thermodynamics:

1st Law: Energy conservation.

2nd Law: Entropy always increases.

6. **Waves and Sound**

- Wave: Disturbance that transfers energy.

- Types: Transverse and Longitudinal

- Speed = Frequency × Wavelength

- Sound travels faster in solids > liquids > gases.

7. **Light and Optics**

- Reflection: Bouncing back of light.

- Refraction: Bending of light.

- Lenses: Converging (convex) and Diverging (concave)

- Mirror and Lens Formula: 1/f = 1/v - 1/u

8. **Electricity and Magnetism**

- Charge: Property of matter (Coulomb).

- Current: Flow of charge (I = Q/t)

- Ohm's Law: V = IR
- Magnetic Field: Region around a magnet.

- Electromagnetic Induction: Inducing voltage by changing magnetic field.

9. **Modern Physics**

- Photoelectric Effect: Emission of electrons by light.

- Atomic Models: Rutherford, Bohr models.

- Nuclear Physics: Radioactivity, fission, and fusion.

**End of Notes**

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