Class 12 Computer Science - Computer Networks
1. Introduction to Computer Networks
A computer network is a collection of interconnected computing devices that can exchange data and
share resources.
Advantages of Computer Networks:
- Resource Sharing, Data Sharing, Improved Communication, Remote Access, Cost Efficiency
2. Types of Networks
- PAN (Personal Area Network), LAN (Local Area Network), MAN (Metropolitan Area Network),
WAN (Wide Area Network)
- Client-Server Network vs Peer-to-Peer Network
3. Network Devices
- Modem, Router, Switch, Hub, Repeater, Gateway
4. Transmission Media
- Wired: Twisted Pair Cable, Coaxial Cable, Fiber Optic Cable
- Wireless: Radio Waves, Microwaves, Infrared, Satellite Communication
5. Network Topologies
- Bus, Star, Ring, Mesh, Hybrid
6. Protocols and Communication
- HTTP/HTTPS, FTP, TCP/IP, SMTP/POP3, DNS
- IPv4 vs IPv6, MAC Address
7. Internet and Web Services
- WWW, Web Browser, URL, DNS, Cloud Computing
8. Cybersecurity and Threats
- Malware, Phishing, Hacking, Firewall, Encryption