Economic Geography – Concepts
Sample Questions
November 2019
3.2 Refer to economic sectors. Match the statements below with the
primary, secondary or tertiary economic sectors. Write only the
sector next to the question numbers (3.2.1 to 3.2.7) in the ANSWER
BOOK.
3.2.1 Mining is an example of this economic sector
3.2.2 This sector is concerned with the provision of services
3.2.3 The extraction of raw materials from the Earth's surface
3.2.4 Concerned with the processing of raw materials
3.2.5 The provision of electricity is an example of this sector
3.2.6 The manufacture of textiles, footwear and clothing
3.2.7 Contributes the least to the GDP of South Africa (7 x 1) (7)
Marking Guideline
3.2 3.2.1 primary (1)
3.2.2 tertiary (1)
3.2.3 primary (1)
3.2.4 secondary (1)
3.2.5 tertiary (1)
3.2.6 secondary (1)
3.2.7 primary (1)
(7 x 1) (7)
4.2 Choose a term in COLUMN B that matches the description in
COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–I) next to the question numbers
(4.2.1 to 4.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 4.2.9 J.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
4.2.1 Exchange of goods and services A transportation network
between countries
B formal
4.2.2 Income generated by a country
by means of exports C home market
4.2.3 Facilitates the movement of D trade
people, goods and information
from one place to another E beneficiation
4.2.4 Refers to goods that are brought F GDP
into the country
G foreign exchange
4.2.5 Legally registered businesses
H GNP
4.2.6 Also known as the domestic
market I imports
4.2.7 Total value of goods and services
produced by a country per year
4.2.8 Value added to a raw material by
means of processing
(8 x 1) (8)
Marking Guideline
4.2 4.2.1 D /Trade
4.2.2 G /Foreign exchange
4.2.3 A /Transportation network
4.2.4 I /Imports
4.2.5 B /Formal
4.2.6 C /Home market
4.2.7 F /GDP
4.2.8 E /beneficiation
June 2019
4.2 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the correct economic concept to answer the statements. Write down only the
letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (4.2.1 to 4.2.8), e.g. 4.2.9 C.
4.2.1 Transport is an example of the … sector.
A primary
B secondary
C tertiary
D quaternary
4.2.2 The … sector is linked to research and development.
A primary
B secondary
C tertiary
D quaternary
4.2.3 The value of goods and services produced within the boundaries of a country
is its …
A gross domestic product.
B balance of payment.
C gross national product.
D balance of trade.
4.2.4 Products that are sold overseas, are sold on the … market.
A import
B export
C home
D national
4.2.5 Value-added goods are produced in the … sector.
A primary
B secondary
C tertiary
D quaternary
4.2.6 Sugar cane farming is an example of … farming.
A small-scale commercial
B small-scale subsistence
C large-scale commercial
D large-scale subsistence
4.2.7 When an industry is situated close to a mineral source, it is known as a/an …
industry.
A raw-material orientated
B market orientated
C break-of-bulk point
D ubiquitous
4.2.8 The process whereby industries migrate from core industrial regions to
peripheral industrial regions:
A Centralisation
B Commercialisation
C Agglomeration
D Decentralisation (8 x 1) (8)
Marking Guideline
4.2 4.2.1 C (Tertiary sector) (1)
4.2.2 D (Quaternary) (1)
4.2.3 A (Gross domestic product) (1)
4.2.4 B (Export) (1)
4.2.5 B (Secondary) (1)
4.2.6 C (Large scale commercial) (1)
4.2.7 A (Raw material orientated) (1)
4.2.8 D (Decentralisation) (1) (8 x 1) (8)
March 2018
3.2 Choose the correct word(s) from those given in brackets. Write only
the word(s) next to the question number (3.2.1–3.2.8) in the
ANSWER BOOK.
3.2.1 The extraction of raw materials is a (primary/secondary) economic
activity.
3.2.2 The South African economy provides services and human skills as a
commodity within the (secondary/tertiary) sector.
3.2.3 The processing of raw materials is found in the (secondary/tertiary)
sector.
3.2.4 The (tertiary/quaternary) sector of the South African economy is
mainly involved in high-tech research activities.
3.2.5 (Trade quotas/Trade tariffs) are regulations that protect local farmers
against cheaper import prices.
3.2.6 (Large-scale/Small-scale) farming is predominantly commercial in
nature in South Africa.
3.2.7 (Maize/Wheat) is the biggest large-scale crop grown in South Africa.
3.2.8 South Africa has the world's largest resources of (gold/manganese).
. (8 x 1) (8)
Marking Guideline
3.2 3.2.1 primary (1)
3.2.2 tertiary (1)
3.2.3 secondary (1)
3.2.4 quaternary (1)
3.2.5 Trade tariffs (1)
3.2.6 Large scale (1)
3.2.7 maize (1)
3.2.8 gold (1) (8 x 1) (8)
4.2 Choose the correct word(s) from those given in brackets. Write only
the word(s) next to the question number (4.21.1–4.2.8) in the
ANSWER BOOK.
4.2.1 A concentration of activities, usually industries close to one another,
is known as (agglomeration/fair trade).
4.2.2 (Food security/Food insecurity) is when people do not fear
starvation, because they have access to enough nutritious food, as
there is a balance between supply and demand.
4.2.3 The total value of goods and services produced in a country in one
year is known as the (gross national product/gross domestic
product).
4.2.4 (IDZs/SDIs) are industrial estates which aim to encourage economic
growth by attracting new investment for industrial development and
increasing exports.
4.2.5 (Deciduous fruit/Sugar cane) is the dominant crop grown in
KwaZulu-Natal.
4.2.6 (Socio-economic injustice/Land restitution) is when everybody does
not have equal access to facilities, resources and services within a
particular place.
4.2.7 The exchange of goods and services between countries for
monetary gain is known as (tariffs/trade).
4.2.8 (Industrial centralisation/Industrial decentralisation) is the process
when industries are located on the periphery or in rural areas away
from the core urban areas. (8 x 1) (8)
Marking Guideline
4.2 4.2.1 agglomeration (1)
4.2.2 Food Security (1)
4.2.3 Gross Domestic Product (1)
4.2.4 IDZs (1)
4.2.5 Sugar cane (1)
4.2.6 Socio-economic injustice (1)
4.2.7 trade (1)
4.2.8 Industrial decentralisation (1) (8 x 1) (8)
November 2017
4.2 Choose a term in COLUMN B that matches the description in
COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–H) next to the question number
(4.2.1–4.2.7) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 4.2.8 J.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
4.2.1 Associated with scientific methods A urban agriculture
of farming
B labour intensive
4.2.2 Type of farming where every
available piece of land is cultivated C large-scale farming
4.2.3 Crops grown in residential areas D monoculture
4.2.4 Farms that depend heavily on E intensive farming
manual labour
F export market
4.2.5 Products manufactured for sale to
other countries G home market
4.2.6 Products sold within South Africa H import market
4.2.7 Farming that grows one product
(crop)
(7 x 1) (7)
Marking Guideline
4.2 4.2.1 C/Large-scale (1)
4.2.2 E/Intensive farming (1)
4.2.3 A/Urban agriculture (1)
4.2.4 B/Labour intensive (1)
4.2.5 F/Export market (1)
4.2.6 G/Home market (1)
4.2.7 D/Monoculture (1) (7 x 1) (7)
March 2017
4.2 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question
number (4.2.1–4.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 4.2.9 D.
4.2.1 The high-technology sector of the economy linked to research and
development:
A Primary
B Secondary
C Tertiary
D Quaternary
4.2.2 An economic activity associated with transport, banking and other
services:
A Quaternary
B Tertiary
C Secondary
D Primary
4.2.3 A term that describes goods that are mainly produced for selling to
other countries:
A Home market
B Import market
C Export market
D Regional market
4.2.4 Total value of goods and services produced in a country in one year:
A Gross national product
B Gross geographic product
C Gross domestic product
D Gross provincial product
4.2.5 The smallest core industrial area that contributes the most to the
GDP of South Africa annually:
A PWV-Gauteng
B Durban-Pinetown
C Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage
D South-Western Cape
4.2.6 The agglomeration of industries in a few core areas:
A Industrial decentralisation
B Spatial economic zones
C Industrial development zones
D Industrial centralisation
4.2.7 The processing of raw materials to increase their value:
A Primary activities
B Secondary activities
C Tertiary activities
D Quaternary activities
4.2.8 The core industrial region where the deepest port in South Africa has been
completed recently:
A PWV-Gauteng
B Durban-Pinetown
C South-Western Cape
D Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage (8 x 1) (8)
Marking Guideline
4.2 4.2.1 D/quaternary (1)
4.2.2 B/tertiary (1)
4.2.3 C/export market (1)
4.2.4 C/gross Domestic Product (1)
4.2.5 A/PWV/Gauteng (1)
4.2.6 D/industrial centralisation (1)
4.2.7 B/secondary activities (1)
4.2.8 D/Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage (1) (8 x 1) (8)
November 2016
3.2 Choose the correct word(s) from those given in brackets. Write only
the word(s) next to the question number (3.2.1–3.2.7) in the
ANSWER BOOK.
3.2.1 The dispersal of industries away from core areas is known
as industrial (centralisation/decentralisation).
3.2.2 An initiative that promotes industrialisation along major
routes is called (spatial development initiatives/industry
development zones).
3.2.3 Industries that are located between the raw material and
the customer are called (bridge/footloose) industries.
3.2.4 An oil refinery will be classified as a (heavy/light) industry.
3.2.5 A food -processing factory is a (primary/secondary)
economic activity.
3.2.6 The sector of the economy that is associated with research
and development is the (tertiary/quaternary) sector.
3.2.7 A coal-fired power station is (raw-material/market) orientated. (7)
Marking Guideline
3.2 3.2.1 decentralisation (1)
3.2.2 spatial development initiatives (1)
3.2.3 bridge (1)
3.2.4 heavy (1)
3.2.5 secondary (1)
3.2.6 quaternary (1)
3.2.7 raw-material (1) (7 x 1) (7)
4.2 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question
number (4.2.1–4.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 4.2.9 D.
4.2.1 Mining is an extractive activity that is an example of the ... economic sector.
A primary
B secondary
C tertiary
D quaternary
4.2.2 Which ONE of the following characterises the tertiary sector?
A Forestry
B Manufacturing
C Research
D Transport
4.2.3 The overseas market where products are sold outside South Africa is known
as the … market.
A home
B import
C export
D regional
4.2.4 An example of a value-added product:
A Maize
B Soya beans
C Bread
D Sunflower seeds
4.2.5 The Maputo Development Corridor links the ... industrial region with the
harbour in Maputo.
A PWV
B Durban-Pinetown
C Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage
D Southwestern Cape
4.2.6 The major manufacturing industry in the Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage area is …
A iron and steel production.
B motor vehicle assembly.
C the canning of fish.
D sugar refining.
4.2.7 An industry that can be established where the modes of transport change is
known as a/an ... industry.
A ubiquitous
B raw material-orientated
C bridge
D footloose
4.2.8 … promote industrialisation along major routes.
A Spatial development initiatives
B Industrial development zones
C Growth points
D Deconcentration points (8 x 1) (8)
Marking Guideline
4.2 4.2.1 A/primary (1)
4.2.2 D/Transport (1)
4.2.3 C/export (1)
4.2.4 C/bread (1)
4.2.5 A/PWV (1)
4.2.6 B/motor vehicle (1)
4.2.7 C/bridge(1)
4.2.8 A/Spatial Development Initiatives (1) (8 x 1) (8)
March 2016
3.2 Choose an example from COLUMN B that matches the term in
COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–I) next to the question number
(3.2.1–3.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 3.2.9 J.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
3.2.1 Primary activity A information technology
3.2.2 Secondary activity B roads, railways and communication
3.2.3 Export market C mining
3.2.4 Quaternary activity D local trade
3.2.5 Small-scale farming E gross domestic product
3.2.6 Home market F vegetable garden
3.2.7 Large-scale farming G manufacturing
3.2.8 Infrastructure H international trade
I sugar cane plantation
(8 x 1) (8)
Marking Guideline
3.2.1 C mining (1)
3.2.2 G manufacturing (1)
3.2.3 H international trade (1)
3.2.4 A information technology (1)
3.2.5 F vegetable garden (1)
3.2.6 D local trade (1)
3.2.7 I sugar cane plantation (1)
3.2.8 B roads, railway and communication (8 x 1) (8)
4.2 Choose the correct word(s) from those given in brackets. Write only
the word(s) next to the question number (4.2.1–4.2.7) in the
ANSWER BOOK, for example 4.2.8 tertiary.
4.2.1 A (large-scale/small-scale) farmer has a small, but economically
viable piece of land which is profitably and intensively farmed.
4.2.2 The lack of access to food and water, which could lead to chronic
starvation and related diseases, is known as (food security/food
insecurity).
4.2.3 When a government takes over the ownership and operations of
the mines, it is called (privatisation/nationalisation).
4.2.4 The processing of raw materials into manufactured products is
known as the (primary/secondary) sector.
4.2.5 An industry that develops when raw materials are evenly
distributed and have no influence on the location of the industry is
called a/an (bridge/ubiquitous) industry.
4.2.6 (Centralisation/Decentralisation) is the clustering of industries in
one area.
4.2.7 (Bridge/Ubiquitous) industries are located between the source of
the raw material and the customer. (7 x 1) (7)
Marking Guideline
4.2.1 Small-scale (1)
4.2.2 Food Insecurity (1)
4.2.3 Nationalisation (1)
4.2.4 Secondary (1)
4.2.5 Ubiquitous (1)
4.2.6 Centralisation (1)
4.2.7 Bridge (1) (7 x 1) (7)
November 2015
3.2 Choose a term from COLUMN B that matches the description in
COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–I) next to the question number
(3.2.1–3.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 3.2.9 J.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
3.2.1 Type of economic activity where a A formal employment
service is rendered
B trade
3.2.2 Total value of goods and services
produced in a country over a period of C informal employment
a year, expressed as a percentage
D Good Hope Plan
3.2.3 Type of employment where people
E quaternary economic
find work for themselves and are not
activities
contracted by a business or company
F tertiary economic
3.2.4 Import and export relations between
activities
two countries
G SDI (spatial
3.2.5 Type of employment where people
are contracted to work for a business development initiative)
or company H gross domestic product
3.2.6 Post-apartheid strategy for economic I secondary economic
development activities
3.2.7 Economic activities that are
concerned with scientific research
and the collecting and processing of
information
3.2.8 Apartheid strategy for economic
development
(8 x 1) (8)
Marking Guideline
3.2.1 F (1)
3.2.2 H (1)
3.2.3 C (1)
3.2.4 B (1)
3.2.5 A (1)
3.2.6 G (1)
3.2.7 E (1)
3.2.8 D (1) (8 x 1) (8)
March 2015
3.2 Choose a type of industry from COLUMN B that matches the
description in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–H) next to the
question number (3.2.1–3.2.7) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example
3.2.8 I.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
3.2.1 Located all over the geographical area A heavy
without concentration in one particular
area B light
3.2.2 Located close to the source of raw C footloose
materials as it produces perishable
goods D ubiquitous
3.2.3 Manufactures smaller products with E bridge
little or no pollution
F raw material-orientated
3.2.4 Produces bulky products and located
close to the market G market-orientated
3.2.5 Requires flat land situated next to H decentralised
specialised transport facilities
3.2.6 Industries that relocated outside an
existing industrial area
3.2.7 Located where one means of transport
is replaced by another
(7 x 1) (7)
Marking Guideline
3.2 3.2.1 C (1)
3.2.2 F (1)
3.2.3 B (1)
3.2.4 G (1)
3.2.5 A (1)
3.2.6 H (1)
3.2.7 E (1) (7 x 1) (7)
