4.
1
Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, Quincy Adams, Jackson, Van
Be able to identify court cases that changed power of federal gov
- Marbury vs Madison 1803 : established the principle of american courts having the
power to strike down laws that violate the constitution (Marbury sued madison for
withholding commission
- McCulloh v Maryland - upheld constitutionality of 2nd BUS federal gov. given more
power of states
- Gibbons v Ogden - Congress not states can control interstate commerce
Characteristics of political parties
- Federalists (Hamilton) : Favored strong central government, supported by upper class,
merchants, and bankers/ProBrits. Loose constructionists.
- Democratic-Republicans (Jefferson): states-rights, supporter by lower and middle
classes/farmers, Pro-French (war help) and strict constructionists
- Developed due to Hamilton’s financial plan and french revolution
- Democrats (andrew Jackson) Continuation of Federalists) + opposed american system
and tarifffs
- Whigs (Henry Clay) continuation of Democratic-Republican) + internal improvements,
tariffs, and BUS
Ways slaves resisted thir condition
- Surrogate families (separated children taken care of by separated moms/dads)
- Slave songs to remember culture/fun
Impact of 2nd great awakening on american society
- Charles G. Finney gave massiv sermos to convert individuals to achieve perfection
- Utopian society social experiments that hoped to achieve perfection in communities
Onidas/Brook farm
4.2
Impact of the market revolution (wealth/gender)
- Market revolution : revolution in transportation, communication, and production of goods
- Lowell factory system (women lived in factories and worked
- Growing middle class
- Widening gap between rich and poor
- Growth of a distinctive southern identity through continuous reliance on cash crops
Impact of technology on industry and agriculture
- Spinning jenny (samuel slater came from england and remembered idea of invention
- Interchangeable parts (north) and cotton gin (south) (Eli Whitney)
- Telegraph (communication in U.S)
- Steel Plow (Midwest)
- McCormick Reaper
- Roads/Canals
- Cumberland Road (MD-OH) Interstate (trade between states up)
- Erie Canal (Albany-Buffalo) intrastate :in state trade up)
- B&O Railroads (Baltimore to OH)
- Steamboat : Boat that could go against the current (Robert Fulten)
- All roads/canals further connect North/Midwest due to south focusing on growing crops
Goals and impacts of the american system
- American System : John Calhoun, wanted to unify the US economy through national
bank, infrastructure, and tariffs (hated by south, loved by north and midwest)
Reasons for sectional tensions/emergence of unique regional identities
- North and Midwest gain sense of commune through canals and roads
- Economic development through market revolution grows distinctiveness of southern
through constant use of slavery/cash crops
4.3
Monroe Doctrine
- Warned europe to stay out of western hemisphere and US would stay out of european
affairs (only affective due to britain’s presence/alliance when dealing with spain)
Westward expansion tie to slavery conflict
- Spread of plantation slaver west of appalachians (creation of Cotton Belt [MS, AL, LA])
- Constant need for more fertile land due to cotton ruining soil
- Uprise on anti slaver efforts in north
- Women's rights/abolitionist were closely linked
- Increase in Norht/South conflict as North pushes for antislavery and south defends
slavery
- Creation of Missouri compromise line (Missouri wants to become slave state, Maine
solves buy becoming Free state/Creation of 36,60 line (all above are free, all below and
slave)
- Thomas Jefferson reveals line will only grow to divide US
Examples of US seeking dominance of north america and western hemisphere
- Wanted to increase US name in world/farmers need more land
- LA Purchase + Lewis and Clark expedition
Conflicts with native americans
- Indian Removal act (out of Georgia) → Trail of tears (death of 4,000 while moving west
of MS river/done by Andrew Jackson)
- Black Hawk War (IL) 1832
- Seminole wars (move seminole back to florida/further in)
Impacts of westward expansion on:
Natives
- Further pushed back, resistance refuted/created negative tension as US expands
Tensions between north and south
- Increase in slavery creates missouri compromise as well as conflict (North pushes for
non slaver whilst south pushes for slavery)
