1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (C) 4 (C) 5 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 8 (D) 9 (B) 10 (C)

11 (C) 12 (A) 13 (A) 14 (D) 15 (A) 16 (D)

1. Answer: B) Wheat 9. Answer: B) Harvesting

Explanation: Wheat is a Rabi crop, which is sown Explanation: Harvesting is the process of collecting
in winter and harvested in the spring. Kharif crops, mature crops from the field. It marks the culmination
such as rice, cotton, and maize, are typically sown of the growing season and the beginning of post-
with the onset of the monsoon season and harvest processes.
harvested in the autumn.
10. Answer: C) Tractor
2. Answer: C) Sowing Explanation: A seed-drill is typically attached to a
Explanation: Sowing is the process of placing tractor, which helps in planting seeds at the correct
seeds in the soil to grow crops. It is a critical step in depth and spacing efficiently. Funnels, ploughs, and
agriculture, determining the future yield and health levellers are not used in modern seed-drilling.
of the crop.
11. Answer: C) Mustard
3. Answer: C) Tubewells Explanation: Mustard is a Rabi crop, sown in
Explanation: Tubewells are deep wells that access winter and harvested in spring, unlike Kharif crops
underground water sources and use pumps to that are grown during the monsoon season.
supply water to crops, especially valuable in areas
12. Answer: A) Groundnut
with insufficient surface water.
Explanation: Kharif crops are sown with the onset
4. Answer: C) Vermicompost of the monsoon in June and harvested by October.
Explanation: Vermicompost is an organic fertilizer Groundnut is a Kharif crop, whereas wheat, pea,
produced through the decomposition of organic and mustard are Rabi crops.
matter by earthworms. It enriches the soil with
13. Answer: A) Thresher
essential nutrients and improves its structure.
Explanation: Threshing is the process of
5. Answer: B) Weeding separating grains from the harvested crop. A
Explanation: Weeding is the process of removing thresher is the machine used for this purpose.
unwanted plants (weeds) that compete with crops Harvesters and combines also perform threshing
for nutrients, water, and sunlight. but have additional functions as well.
6. Answer: C) Seed-drill 14. Answer: D) Irrigation
Explanation: seed-drill is a modern agricultural tool Explanation: Irrigation is the artificial application of
used for planting seeds at the correct depth and water to the soil to assist in the growth of crops.
spacing. Funnels, ploughs, and tilling are more Sowing is planting seeds, manuring is adding
traditional methods. nutrients to the soil, and tilling is preparing the soil.
7. Answer: D) Watermelon 15. Answer: A) Wheat
Explanation: Watermelon is typically sown in the Explanation: Wheat is a classic example of a Rabi
Zaid season, which falls between Kharif and Rabi crop, sown in winter and harvested in the spring.
seasons. This season starts in March and ends in Cotton, millet, and maize are typically Kharif crops.
June.
16. Answer: D) October – November
8. Answer: D) Weedicides Explanation: Rabi crops are sown in the winter
Explanation: 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic months, starting in October and November, and are
acid) is a type of weedicide used to control harvested in the spring, around March and April.
broadleaf weeds. It is not a pesticide, insecticide, or
fungicide.
 1 (B) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (B) 5 (D) 6 (A) 7 (B) 8 (A) 9 (A) 10 (C)
11 (C) 12 (D) 13 (A) 14 (A) 15 (C) 16 (B)

1. Answer: B) Louis Pasteur 9. Answer: A) Louis Pasteur

Explanation: Louis Pasteur conducted experiments Explanation: Louis Pasteur discovered
in the 1850s that demonstrated that fermentation is pasteurization, a process that involves heating
caused by the growth of microorganisms. liquids to a specific temperature for a set period to
2. Answer: B) Mosquito kill harmful microorganisms without significantly
Explanation: A mosquito is a multicellular insect, affecting the taste or quality.
not a microorganism. Microorganisms are typically 10. Answer: C) Algae
unicellular and include entities such as bacteria, Explanation: Algae are microorganisms capable of
viruses, fungi, and protozoa. photosynthesis, a process by which they convert
3. Answer: C) Microbiology light energy into chemical energy, producing oxygen
Explanation: Microbiology is the branch of biology as a byproduct.
that deals with the study of microorganisms. 11. Answer: C) Fermentation
4. Answer: B) Yeast Explanation: Fermentation is a metabolic process
Explanation: Yeast is a type of fungus used in where sugar is converted into alcohol and carbon
baking and brewing due to its fermentation dioxide by the action of yeast or bacteria.
capabilities. Unlike bacteria or viruses, fungi are 12. Answer: D) Protozoa
eukaryotic organisms. Explanation: The protozoan parasite Plasmodium
5. Answer: D) All of these causes malaria
Explanation: Microorganisms are incredibly diverse 13. Answer: A) Bacteria
and adaptable, allowing them to inhabit a wide Explanation: Certain bacteria, such as Rhizobium,
range of environments, including extreme ones. are capable of nitrogen fixation.
6. Answer: A) Bacteria 14. Answer: A) Protozoans
Explanation: Tuberculosis is caused by the Explanation: Amoeba and Paramecium are both
bacterium *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*. It primarily protozoans, a diverse group of single-celled
affects the lungs but can also impact other parts of eukaryotic organisms.
the body. 15. Answer: C) 78%
7. Answer: B) Antibodies Explanation: Nitrogen constitutes about 78% of the
Explanation: Vaccines stimulate the immune Earth's atmosphere, making it the most abundant
system to produce antibodies, which are proteins gas.
that recognize and neutralize pathogens like 16. Answer: B) Polio
bacteria and viruses, providing immunity against Explanation: Polio, or poliomyelitis, is a viral
future infections. disease caused by the poliovirus. It can lead to
8. Answer: A) Fungus paralysis and is preventable through vaccination.
Explanation: Certain fungi, such as Penicillium, are The other diseases listed (Typhoid, TB, and
used in the production of antibiotics like penicillin. Leprosy) are caused by bacteria.
 1 (D) 2 (A) 3 (D) 4 (B) 5 (D) 6 (A) 7 (B) 8 (A) 9 (D) 10 (B)
11 (C) 12 (A) 13 (D) 14 (B) 15 (C) 16 (B)

1. Answer: D) Uranium 9. Answer: D) Bituminous

Explanation: Uranium is a radioactive element Explanation: Bituminous coal is the most
used in nuclear energy production, not a fossil fuel. commonly used variety of coal. It is widely utilized
2. Answer: A) Carbon for electricity generation and industrial applications.
Explanation: Both coal and petroleum primarily 10. Answer: B) Methane
consist of carbon compounds. Explanation: Natural gas primarily consists of
3. Answer: D) Anthracite methane (70-90%), with smaller amounts of ethane,
Explanation: Anthracite coal has the highest propane, butane, and other hydrocarbons.
carbon content and is the hardest type of coal. 11. Answer: C) coke
4. Answer: B) Fractional distillation Explanation: Coke is an allotrope of carbon used to
Explanation: Fractional distillation is the process of extract metals in metallurgy. It is produced by
separating crude oil into different components heating coal in the absence of air.
based on their boiling points. 12. Answer: A) anthracite
5. Answer: D) Methanol Explanation: Anthracite is the purest form of coal,
Explanation: Methanol is not typically obtained containing the highest percentage of carbon. It
directly from fractional distillation but can be burns more efficiently and cleanly compared to
produced through other chemical processes. other.

6. Answer: A) Heating 13. Answer: D) Coke

Explanation: Natural gas is commonly used for Explanation: Coke is not a petroleum product; it is
heating purposes in homes and industries. derived from coal. Petroleum products include
paraffin wax, lubricating oil, and petrol.
7. Answer: B) diamond
Explanation: Diamond is the hardest form of 14. Answer: B) Petroleum
carbon. Its unique crystal structure gives it Explanation: Petroleum is the main source of fuels
exceptional hardness, making it invaluable for like gasoline and diesel used in vehicles.
cutting, grinding, and drilling applications as well as 15. Answer: C) CO and H2
in jewelry Explanation: Water gas is a mixture of carbon
8. Answer: A) Air pollution monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2). It is produced by
Explanation: Burning fossil fuels releases passing steam over hot carbon, typically in the form
pollutants like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and of coke.
nitrogen oxides, 16. Answer: B) Animal charcoal
Explanation: Animal charcoal, also known as bone
char, is a decolorizing agent used to remove color
impurities from solutions
 1 (D) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (C) 5 (A) 6 (B) 7 (B) 8 (A) 9 (C) 10 (C)
11 (B) 12 (C) 13 (C) 14 (D) 15 (A) 16 (B)

1. Answer: D) Charcoal 9. Answer: C) Coal

Explanation: Charcoal does not burn with a flame; Explanation: Coal burns slowly. It's a type of
instead, it glows red-hot and produces heat combustion that doesn't produce a flame. This is
2. Answer: C) Glass why coal is often used for heating and cooking.
Explanation: Glass is not a combustible substance 10. Answer: C) Outermost zone
because it does not catch fire or burn. Combustible Explanation: The outermost zone of the flame has
substances are those that can ignite, such as the highest temperature. This is where complete
camphor, straw, and alcohol. combustion occurs, resulting in a blue, non-
3. Answer: D) Ignition temperature luminous flame that is hotter than the inner zones.
Explanation: Ignition temperature is the minimum 11. Answer: B) Outer
temperature required for a substance to ignite and Explanation: The outer zone of the flame has the
start burning. highest temperature. This part of the flame achieves
4. Answer: C) Burning of paper complete combustion, producing the most heat and
Explanation: Rapid combustion involves a fast a blue color.
reaction with oxygen, such as the burning of paper. 12. Answer: C) Yellow
5. Answer: A) Luminous flame Explanation: A yellow flame is produced due to an
Explanation: A candle produces a luminous flame insufficient supply of oxygen. Incomplete
that emits light due to the presence of un burnt combustion occurs, resulting in a cooler, luminous
carbon particles. flame with glowing soot particles.

6. Answer: B) Hydrogen 13. Answer: C) Extinguishing fires

Explanation: The blue color in a Bunsen burner Explanation: The primary purpose of a fire
flame is due to the combustion of hydrogen gas. extinguisher is to extinguish fires by cutting off the
supply of air or using fire-fighting agents.
7. Answer: B) LPG
Explanation: Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) has 14. Answer: D) Ignition of oily rags
the highest calorific value. It provides a high amount Explanation: Spontaneous combustion occurs
of energy per unit mass, making it an efficient fuel when a substance self-ignites due to heat
for heating and cooking. generated by internal chemical reactions, such as
oily rags igniting spontaneously.
8. Answer: A) Extinguishing
Explanation: Extinguishing is the process of 15. Answer: A) Yellow
controlling fire by cutting off the supply of air or Explanation: The outermost zone of a candle flame
using fire-fighting agents. appears yellow due to the presence of un burnt
carbon particles emitting light.
16. Answer: B) CO2
Explanation: Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the best
extinguisher for fires involving electrical equipment
and inflammable materials such as gasoline
 1 (C) 2 (C) 3 (C) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6 (C) 7 (D) 8 (B) 9 (D) 10 (C)
11 (C) 12 (A) 13 (C) 14 (B) 15 (A) 16 (B)

1. Answer: C) Honey 9. Answer: D) Desertification

Explanation: Honey is an animal product produced Explanation: Desertification is the process of
by bees. Bees collect nectar from flowers, which converting fertile lands into deserts, often due to
they convert into honey and store in their hives. human activities like deforestation , overgrazing.
2. Answer: C) Coal 10. Answer: C) Afforestation
Explanation: Coal is not a renewable resource; it is Explanation: Afforestation is the process of
a fossil fuel formed from ancient plant material over planting trees in barren lands. It helps restore
millions of years ecosystems, improve air quality, and combat
3. Answer: C) Biodiversity climate change
Explanation: Biodiversity refers to the variety of 11. Answer: C) Conservation efforts
animals, plants, and microbes found in a particular Explanation: Conservation efforts do not contribute
area. to habitat destruction; they aim to protect and
4. Answer: C) Conservation efforts restore natural habitats.
Explanation: Conservation efforts are aimed at 12. Answer: A) Species
protecting biodiversity and do not pose a threat. Explanation: A species is a group of populations
habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change that are capable of interbreeding and producing
are significant threats to biodiversity fertile offspring
5. Answer: D) Ginger 13. Answer: C) Endemic
Explanation: Ginger is a product obtained from Explanation: Endemic species are not included
cultivated plants, not forests. Forest products under the ‘Red List,’ which focuses on species that
include items like honey, catechu, and gum. are vulnerable, endangered, or extinct
6. Answer: C) Biodiversity 14. Answer: B) Desertification
Explanation: Biodiversity is the term used to Explanation: Desertification is the process by
describe the total variety of plants, animals, and which fertile land becomes desert due to human
microorganisms in an ecosystem. activities such as deforestation and overgrazing, as
7. Answer: D) Housefly well as climate change
Explanation: The housefly is not an endangered 15. Answer: A) Dodo
species; it is common and widespread. Endangered Explanation: The dodo is an example of an extinct
species, like tigers, lions, and elephants, face a high species. It was a flightless bird that lived on the
risk of extinction in the wild. island.
8. Answer: B) Endemic 16. Answer: B) Red book Data
Explanation: Species found exclusively in a Explanation: The Red Data Book is a
particular area are called endemic species. They comprehensive record that provides information on
are unique to a specific geographic location and are the conservation status of various species of
not naturally found elsewhere animals and plants that are at risk of extinction.
 1 (A) 2 (D) 3 (C) 4 (A) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7 (B) 8 (B) 9 (C) 10 (D)
11 (C) 12 (A) 13 (D) 14 (B) 15 (A) 16 (C)

1. Answer: A) buds and leaves 9. Answer: C) Anther

Explanation: Bryophyllum reproduces asexually Explanation: Pollen grains are produced and stored in
through buds that form on the edges of its leaves. the anther, which is part of the flower's stamen, the
These buds can eventually grow into new plants. male reproductive organ.
2. Answer: D) Fertilization 10. Answer: D) Both (a) and (b)
Explanation: Fertilization is a method of sexual Explanation: Antherozoids (in plants, specifically in
reproduction, not asexual reproduction. algae, mosses, and ferns)
3. Answer: C) Both (a) and (b) Sperm (in animals, including humans)
Explanation: emale gametes are known as eggs or Both terms refer to the male reproductive cells that
ova. Both terms are used interchangeably in biology. fuse with the female gamete (egg) during fertilization.
4. Answer: A) Hydra 11. Answer: C) menarche
Explanation: Hydra, a freshwater organism, Explanation: The reproductive phase of a woman
reproduces through a process called fission where it starts from menarche, the onset of menstruation,
divides into two halves, each developing into a new and continues until menopause, the cessation of
individual. menstrual cycles.
5. Answer: C) Both (a) and (b) 12. Answer: A) One pair
Explanation: Platypus and echidna are egg-laying Explanation: Humans have 46 chromosomes, i.e.,
mammals known as monotremes. 23 pairs of chromosomes in all cells except for the
6. Answer: D) Dog gametic cells (sperm and ova).
Explanation: Dogs, along with mammals like cats, 13. Answer: D) One X
exhibit internal fertilization where fertilization occurs Explanation: Ovum, which is the female gamete,
inside the female's body. always carries an X chromosome.
7. Answer: B) flower
14. Answer: B) Sweat
Explanation: The flower is the reproductive part of a
Explanation: HIV is not present in sweat; it is
plant, containing structures for both male and female
gametes. primarily found in blood, breast milk, and semen.

8. Answer: B) Cloning 15. Answer: A) 11 to 13 years

Explanation: Cloning is the production of an exact Explanation: Puberty is the period during which
genetic copy of an organism through asexual girls and boys become capable of reproduction.
reproduction. 16. Answer: C) HIV
Explanation: AIDS is caused by the Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) virus. HIV passes
from an infected person to a normal person.
 1 (A) 2 (A) 3 (A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (C) 7 (B) 8 (A) 9 (C) 10 (D)
11 (B) 12 (A) 13 (A) 14 (B) 15 (A) 16 (A)

1. Answer: A) Dyne 9. Answer: C) Both (a) and (b)

Explanation: The CGS unit of force is the dyne. Explanation: 1 Newton is equivalent to 105 dyne in
One dyne is equal to 10-5 newtons in the the CGS system and also equals 1 kg·m/s² in the SI
International System of Units (SI). It measures force system, representing the same force in different
in the c-g-s system. units.
2. Answer: A) Parallel 10. Answer: D) All of these
Explanation: The force of friction between two Explanation: Force can change various properties
bodies acts parallel to the surface of contact and of an object, including its length, volume, and area.
opposes the relative motion between the surfaces. It can deform objects and alter their shapes.
3. Answer: A) Scalar quantity 11. Answer: B) Brometer
Explanation: Pressure is a scalar quantity because Explanation: Atmospheric pressure is measured
it has magnitude but no direction, unlike vector with a barometer. This instrument is commonly used
quantities which have both magnitude and direction. to monitor atmospheric pressure in weather
4. Answer: B) 1.01 x 105 N/m2 forecasting
Explanation: One atmospheric pressure is 12. Answer: A) Increase
equivalent to 1.01 × 105 Newton per square meter Explanation: The pressure exerted by a liquid
(N/m²) or Pascal. increases with depth. This is due to the weight of
5. Answer: C) Muscular the liquid above exerting more force on the liquid
Explanation: Kicking a ball with our legs is an below
example of muscular force. This type of force is 13. Answer: A) Distance
generated by the contraction and relaxation of Explanation: The path length traveled by a body in
muscles. a given time interval is known as distance, which is
6. Answer: C) 1 kgf = 9.80 N a scalar quantity
Explanation: The relation between the SI unit of 14. Answer: B) Displacement
force (Newton) and the weight of a 1 kg mass is 1 Explanation: Velocity is defined as the
kilogram-force (kgf) equals 9.8 Newton (N). displacement (change in position) per unit time, and
7. Answer: B) 100 g it is a vector quantity
Explanation: When we apply a force of 1 Newton, it 15. Answer: A) Speed
is approximately enough to hold or lift a body with a Explanation: The slope of a distance-time graph
mass of around 100 grams (0.1 kg) on the Earth's gives the speed of the object, which is the rate at
surface. which distance is covered.
8. Answer: A) Contact force 16. Answer: A) Vector
Explanation: Force that arises due to the physical Explanation: Vector quantities are physical
contact between two bodies is called contact force. quantities that have both magnitude and direction.
Examples include frictional force, tension.
 1 (D) 2 (B) 3 (B) 4 (A) 5 (D) 6 (A) 7 (C) 8 (A) 9 (B) 10 (B)
11 (D) 12 (B) 13 (C) 14 (A) 15 (A) 16 (A) 17 (C) 18 (A) 19 (B) 20 (A)

1. Answer: D) Wavelength 11. Answer: D) 40 KHZ

Explanation: Changes in air temperature affect the Explanation: Ultrasonic cleaners use waves of
speed of sound, which in turn affects its wavelength. frequencies around 40 kHz. These high-frequency
because the speed of sound is directly proportional sound waves create cavitation bubbles that help in
to the temperature of the medium through which it cleaning .
travels. 12. Answer: B) Hertz
2. Answer: B) 20 to 20,000 Hz Explanation: Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz),
Explanation: This is the typical range of which is the number of cycles per second. It
frequencies that can be heard by the average measures how often a repeating event occurs per
human ear. Frequencies below 20 Hz are termed unit of time.
infrasonic, and those above 20,000 Hz are 13. Answer: C) Decible (dB)
ultrasonic. Explanation: Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz),
3. Answer: B) 1.2 Hz which is the number of cycles per second. It
Explanation: The heart beats 72 times per minute, measures how often a repeating event occurs per
which translates to 72/60 = 1.2 beats per second or unit of time.
1.2 Hz. 14. Answer: A) Frequency
4. Answer: A) Quality Explanation: The pitch of a sound is determined by
Explanation: The unique quality or timbre of the its frequency; higher frequency results in a higher
mother’s voice helps the baby recognize her. pitch. This is why a high-pitched sound has a higher
frequency than a low-pitched sound.
5. Answer: D) Ultrasonic
Explanation: Bats produce ultrasonic sounds,
15. Answer: A) its amplitude.
which are high-frequency sounds above the range Explanation: Loudness is directly proportional to
of human hearing. This helps them navigate and
the amplitude of sound waves. If the amplitude is
hunt using echolocation.
high then the sound will be louder and the sound
6. Answer: A) Air will be feeble if the amplitude is low.
Explanation: sound cannot travel through a
16. Answer: A) 0.02 s
vacuum as there are no particles to carry the Explanation: If an object is vibrating at 50 hertz 50
vibration. Sound travels faster in solids and liquids
= 1/T T = 1/50 T = 0.02s Its time period will be 0.02
than in gases like air. sec
7. Answer: C) Decibel
17. Answer: C) 60 vibrations per minute
Explanation: Noise pollution levels are measured
Explanation: 1Hz= 1 vibration/second 1 minute=60
in decibels (dB), which quantify the intensity of
seconds hence 1 hertz = 60 vibrations /minute
sound.
18. Answer: A) Decibel (dB)
8. Answer: A) Sonometer
Explanation: The loudness of sound is measured in
Explanation: A sonometer is used to study the units of Decibel (dB)
behavior of vibrating strings. understand the
relationship between tension, length, and frequency 19. Answer: B) Sound
of the vibrating strings. Explanation: Vibration in a body produce sound
9. Answer: B) Sonar 20. Answer: A) hertz
Explanation: SONAR (Sound Navigation and Explanation: The unit of frequency is hertz
Ranging) is used to measure the depth of oceans. It
works by sending sound waves down to the ocean
floor and measuring the time it takes for the echo to
return.
10. Answer: B) Sonar
Explanation: SONAR is also used to detect the
location of submerged objects.
 1 (B) 2 (A) 3 (A) 4 (B) 5 (D) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (B) 9 (A) 10 (B)
11 (A) 12 (D) 13 (A) 14 (D)

1. Answer: B) Iron 8. Answer: B) Zinc

Explanation: Iron is not a bad conductor; it is a Explanation: In a dry cell, the anode is made of
good conductor of electricity. Mica, wood, and zinc, which acts as the negative electrode usually
rubber are bad conductors. forming the outer casing of the cell.
2. Answer: A) Solar cell 9. Answer: A) Light Emitting Diode
Explanation: Solar cells convert sunlight into Explanation: LED stands for Light Emitting Diode,
electricity, making them suitable for use in artificial a semiconductor that emits light when current flows
satellites. through it.
3. Answer: A) Copper plate 10. Answer: B) Ampere
Explanation: In a voltaic cell, the copper plate acts Explanation: The unit of electric current is the
as the positive rod (cathode). ampere, representing the flow of electric charge..
4. Answer: B) Energy 11. Answer: A) Tin and lead
Explanation: Kilowatt hour (kWh) is a unit of Explanation: Electric fuse is made from an alloy of
energy, representing the amount of energy tin and lead, which melts under excessive current to
consumed when 1 kilowatt of power is used for 1 prevent damage
hour. 12. Answer: D) Vegetable oil
5. Answer: D) 3.6 × 10⁶ Joule Explanation: all other options will conduct as they
Explanation: One kilowatt-hour is equal to 3.6 × can give ions for conduction.
10⁶ joules 13. Answer: A) Nichrome
6. Answer: B) Copper plate Explanation: Electric irons use nichrome, a high-
Explanation: The cathode in a Daniell cell is made resistance alloy, to generate heat.
of a copper plate, which serves as the positive 14. Answer: D) None of these
electrode where reduction occurs. Explanation: Typically, tungsten filament is placed
7. Answer: C) Cathode in a inert gas (such as argon) inside a bulb, not
Explanation: In electroplating, the metal to be hydrogen, air, or neon.
plated is made the cathode, where the deposition .
occurs..
 1 (A) 2 (C) 3 D) 4 (C) 5 (C) 6 (A) 7 (A) 8 (D) 9 (D) 10 (C)
11 (B) 12 (C) 13 (A) 14 (B)

1. Answer: A) Lighting flashes 8. Answer: D) Herbivores

Explanation: Lightning conductors protect buildings Explanation: Primary consumers in a food chain
and structures by safely directing the electrical are herbivores, which feed directly on producers
discharge from lightning flashes into the ground. plants.
2. Answer: C) Crust 9. Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Outermost layer of the Earth is called Explanation: Lead (Pb) causes soil pollution, air
the crust, which is the thin, solid outer shell where pollution, and can also contribute to radioactive
we live. contamination due to its toxic properties.
3. Answer: D) Seismograph 10. Answer: C) Freshwater
Explanation: A seismograph is an instrument used Explanation: Freshwater is not a type of terrestrial
to measure and record the magnitude, direction, habitat; it is an aquatic habitat, while deserts,
duration. grasslands, and tundra are terrestrial.
4. Answer: C) Earthquake 11. Answer: B) Upright
Explanation: The Richter scale is used to quantify Explanation: In a grassland, many producers
the amount of energy released by an earthquake. support fewer herbivores and even fewer
carnivores, upright pyramid.
5. Answer: C) photosynthesis
Explanation: The food chain starts with 12. Answer: C) Lindemann
photosynthesis, the process by which green plants Explanation: Lindemann's 10% law states only
and some other organisms use sunlight to 10% of energy is transferred between trophic levels
synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. 13. Answer: A) Sun
Explanation: The only source of energy for an
6. Answer: A) SO2 and NO2
ecosystem is the Sun, which provides the energy
Explanation: Acid rain contains (SO2) and (NO2),
necessary for photosynthesis.
which react with water vapor in the atmosphere to
form acids 14. Answer: B) Heterotrops
Explanation: Decomposers break down organic
7. Answer: A) Decibel
matter, obtaining energy as heterotrophs.
Explanation: Noise pollution is measured in
decibels, a unit that quantifies the intensity of
sound.

.
 1 (B) 2 (A) 3 (A) 4 (D) 5 (D) 6 (A) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9 (B) 10 (A)
11 (A) 12 (C) 13 (C) 14 (C)

1. Answer: B) Violet colour 8. Answer: D) cornea

Explanation: When light passes through a prism, Explanation: The cornea is the part of the eye
violet light shows the maximum deviation due to its through which the light enters and lies in the front
shortest wavelength. part of the sclera.
2. Answer: A) retina 9. Answer: B) 2.3 cm
Explanation: The human eye forms the image of Explanation: The eye is approximately 2.3 cm in
objects on the retina, where light-sensitive cells diameter and is nearly spherical in shape
process visual information 10. Answer: A) iris
3. Answer: A) Black Explanation: Iris is a dark muscular structure exists
Explanation: When you look directly at the sun, the behind the cornea. Its function is to control
intense light temporarily damages the light the entry of light.
receptors in your eyes, causing everything else to
11. Answer: A) Concave lens
appear black.
Explanation: Myopia, or nearsightedness, can be
4. Answer: D) Vacuum corrected by using a concave lens, which diverges
Explanation: he velocity of light is maximum in a light rays before they enter the eye.
vacuum, as there is no medium to slow it down.
12. Answer: C) 300
5. Answer: D) Silver Explanation: The angle of reflection is equal to the
Explanation: Silver is the best reflector of light due angle of incidence, so it will be 30°.
to its high reflectivity across the visible spectrum
13. Answer: C) Dispersion
6. Answer: A) 3x108 Explanation: A rainbow is caused by the dispersion
Explanation: The speed of light in a vacuum is of light, where different colors are separated.
approximately 3x10^8 meters per second
14. Answer: C) Moon
7. Answer: C) Concave mirror Explanation: The Moon is not a luminous object as
Explanation: Concave mirrors are used in the it does not produce its own light; it reflects sunlight.
headlamps of cars to focus light into a parallel
beam, enhancing illumination

8. Answer: a) Fungus
FOR
Explanation: Certain PREPRATION
fungi, ON are
such as Penicillium, YOUTUBE CHANNEL SCAN THIS QR
used in
the production of antibiotics like penicillin.

☚ ENGLISH MEDIUM CHANNEL

HINDI MEDIUM CHANNEL ☛

Download any Qr Code scanner in your mobile form play store

☚Connect with me on Instagram using my QR code

or email me at chsbhubook@[Link]