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Solids

The document provides definitions and descriptions of various types of solids, including total solids (TS), total volatile solids (TVS), total fixed solids (TFS), and total suspended solids (TSS), among others. It explains the processes of measuring and analyzing these solids through evaporation and filtration methods. Additionally, it includes formulas for calculating volume-mass relationships related to solid weights and specific gravities.

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Nyan Gyishin
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32 views10 pages

Solids

The document provides definitions and descriptions of various types of solids, including total solids (TS), total volatile solids (TVS), total fixed solids (TFS), and total suspended solids (TSS), among others. It explains the processes of measuring and analyzing these solids through evaporation and filtration methods. Additionally, it includes formulas for calculating volume-mass relationships related to solid weights and specific gravities.

Uploaded by

Nyan Gyishin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Solids

• TS
• TVS
• TFS
• TSS
Content • VSS
• FSS
• TDS
• VDS
• FDS

2
Description
• Total solids (TS) The residue remaining after sample has been
evaporated and dried at a specific temperature (103oC) building
strategies
• Total volatile solids (TVS) Those solids that can be volatilized and
burned off when the TS are ignited (500 ± 50oC)
• Total fixed solids (TFS) The residue that remains after TS are ignited
(500 ± 50oC)
• Total suspended solids (TSS) Portion of TS retained on a filter
(Whatman glass fiber filter, 1.58 µm) with a specific pore size,
measured after being dried at a specified temperature (105oC)
• Volatile suspended solids (VSS) Those solid that can be volatilized
and burned off when the TSS are ignited (500 ± 50oC)
Description
• Fixed suspended solids (FSS) The residue that remains after TSS are
ignited (500 ± 50oC)
• Total dissolved solids (TDS) Those solid that pass through the filter,
and are then evaporated and dried at specific temperature. (TS-TSS)
• Total volatile dissolved solids (VDS) Those solid that can be volatilized
and burned off when the TDS are ignited (500 ± 50oC)
• Fixed dissolved solids (FDS) The residue that remains after TDS are
ignited (500 ± 50oC)
• Settleable solids Suspended solids, expressed as milliliters per liter.
Settleable Evaporation/
Interrelationship of solids Imhoff cone Sample TS
solids dried

retained filtrate
Filter

Evaporation/
Dried dried

TSS TDS

Furnace Furnace

VSS FSS VDS FDS

TVS TFS
TS
Evaporation dish

6
Imhoff cone
Filter set
7
Volume-Mass Relationships
𝑤𝑠 𝑤𝑓 𝑤𝑣
= +
𝑠𝑠 𝜌𝑤 𝑠𝑓 𝜌𝑤 𝑠𝑣 𝜌𝑤

• Ws =weight of solids
• Ss = specific gravity of solids
• w = density of water
• Wf= weight of fixed solids
• Sf= specific gravity of fixed solids
• Wv = weight of volatiles solids
• Sv = specific gravity of volatile solids
8
𝑀𝑠
V=
𝜌𝑤 𝑆𝑠𝑙 𝑃

• V = volume, m3
• Ms = mass of dry solids, Kg
• w = specific weight of water, 103 kg/m3
• Ssl = specific gravity of sludge
• Ps = percent solid expressed as a decimal

9
Nawatch Surinkul
[Link]@[Link]
[Link]

Thank
you

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