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Deep Learning Object Detection IoU

Deep learning frameworks for object detection utilize convolutional neural networks to predict object classes and their locations in images through end-to-end training. Key frameworks include R-CNN, YOLO, and SSD, which employ a bounding box approach evaluated by Intersection over Union (IoU) for accuracy. IoU measures the overlap between predicted and actual bounding boxes, guiding training and improving detection precision.

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22 views2 pages

Deep Learning Object Detection IoU

Deep learning frameworks for object detection utilize convolutional neural networks to predict object classes and their locations in images through end-to-end training. Key frameworks include R-CNN, YOLO, and SSD, which employ a bounding box approach evaluated by Intersection over Union (IoU) for accuracy. IoU measures the overlap between predicted and actual bounding boxes, guiding training and improving detection precision.

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c45476219
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Deep Learning Framework for Object Detection

Deep Learning Framework for Object Detection

Deep learning frameworks for object detection combine convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with object

localization and classification in a single model. They predict object classes and their locations (bounding

boxes) from input images using end-to-end training.

Popular frameworks:

- R-CNN, Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN

- YOLO (You Only Look Once)

- SSD (Single Shot MultiBox Detector)

These frameworks are based on the bounding box approach and use a metric like IoU to evaluate detection

accuracy.

Bounding Box Approach

The bounding box approach is used to localize objects in images.

The model predicts a rectangular box around each detected object.

Each bounding box is represented by:

- x, y: center coordinates

- w, h: width and height of the box

These values are normalized with respect to the image dimensions.

For each bounding box, the model also predicts:

- Objectness score: confidence that an object is present

- Class probabilities: which object class is detected


Intersection over Union (IoU)

IoU is a standard metric used to evaluate the overlap between the predicted bounding box and the ground

truth (actual) box.

Formula:

IoU = Area of Overlap / Area of Union

- Area of Overlap: Intersection between predicted and ground truth boxes

- Area of Union: Total area covered by both boxes

IoU Range:

- Value lies between 0 and 1

- IoU = 1 -> perfect overlap

- IoU >= 0.5 is usually considered a correct detection

Usage of IoU in Detection

- Training: IoU is used to determine whether a predicted box matches a ground truth box.

- Loss Functions: Some frameworks use IoU-based loss (e.g., GIoU, DIoU, CIoU) to improve localization.

- Non-Maximum Suppression (NMS): IoU helps eliminate multiple overlapping boxes for the same object.

Example

Ground Truth box: [x=100, y=150, w=80, h=100]

Predicted box: [x=110, y=160, w=75, h=95]

IoU = 0.78 -> Good detection

Conclusion

The bounding box approach combined with IoU allows deep learning models to detect and localize objects

with high precision. IoU is essential for evaluating model accuracy and refining detection results.

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