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Basic Math Notes

The document provides an overview of basic math concepts including types of numbers, factors and multiples, basic operations, fractions and decimals, percentages, ratio and proportion, speed, distance and time, simple interest, area and perimeter, and algebra basics. Each section includes definitions, formulas, and examples to illustrate the concepts. This serves as a foundational guide for understanding essential mathematical principles.

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hritikborse666
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878 views2 pages

Basic Math Notes

The document provides an overview of basic math concepts including types of numbers, factors and multiples, basic operations, fractions and decimals, percentages, ratio and proportion, speed, distance and time, simple interest, area and perimeter, and algebra basics. Each section includes definitions, formulas, and examples to illustrate the concepts. This serves as a foundational guide for understanding essential mathematical principles.

Uploaded by

hritikborse666
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Basic Math Notes

1. Numbers & Types

Natural Numbers: 1, 2, 3...

Whole Numbers: 0, 1, 2...

Integers: ..., -2, -1, 0, 1, 2...

Rational Numbers: Can be written as p/q

Irrational Numbers: Cannot be written as p/q (e.g., square root of 2, pi)

Real Numbers: All rational and irrational numbers.

2. Factors & Multiples

Factor: A number that divides another exactly (e.g., Factors of 6: 1, 2, 3, 6)

Multiple: A number that results from multiplying a number (e.g., Multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9...)

HCF: Highest common factor

LCM: Lowest common multiple

3. Basic Operations

Addition (+), Subtraction (-), Multiplication (x), Division (/)

BODMAS Rule: Brackets, Orders, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction

4. Fractions & Decimals

Fraction: Part of a whole (e.g., 1/2, 3/4)

Decimal: Fraction in base 10 (e.g., 0.5 = 1/2)

Conversion: 3/4 = 0.75, 0.25 = 1/4

5. Percentages

Formula: (Part/Whole) x 100

Example: (20/50) x 100 = 40%

6. Ratio & Proportion

Ratio: Comparison of two quantities (e.g., 2:3)


Basic Math Notes

Proportion: Two equal ratios (e.g., a:b = c:d => a/b = c/d)

7. Speed, Distance & Time

Speed = Distance / Time

Distance = Speed x Time

8. Simple Interest

Formula: SI = (P x R x T)/100

Where P = Principal, R = Rate %, T = Time

Example: P=1000, R=5%, T=2 => SI = 100

9. Area & Perimeter

Square: Area = side squared, Perimeter = 4 x side

Rectangle: Area = length x breadth, Perimeter = 2(length + breadth)

Circle: Area = pi x radius squared, Circumference = 2 x pi x radius

10. Algebra Basics

Variable: A symbol representing a number (e.g., x)

Expression: 3x + 2

Equation: 2x + 1 = 5

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