Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III-CENTRAL LUZON
REGIONAL ACHIEVEMENT TEST IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
Name: Score:
Grade & Section: Date:
Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on
the answer sheet.
1. Which of the following situations BEST describes a disaster?
A. Rice black bugs, locally known as alitangya, are spotted swarming the streets of
Nueva Ecija raising concerns about rice pest control and road accidents.
B. A road accident that led to the deaths of five people and damage to two vehicles
due to their collision took place on Maharlika Highway, Cabanatuan City.
C. An agricultural damage, worth Php 141.38 million, with rice, corn, and other
high-value crops across 16,200 hectares of farmland in Nueva Ecija, caused by
typhoon Karding.
D. Fourteen COVID-19 patients are reported on home quarantine, prompting the
officials of the municipality of Rizal, with the recommendation of the Rural
Health Unit, to allow the use of the rural health facilities for quarantine and
treatment of the patients.
2. Overconsumption of natural resources results in environmental degradation. Changes to
the environment can influence the frequency and intensity of hazards, as well as
exposure and vulnerability. What situations demonstrate environmental degradation as a
risk factor underlying disaster?
I. Deforestation of slopes often leads to an increase in landslide hazard.
II. Removal of mangroves can increase the damage caused by storm surges.
III. Economic growth is often associated with ecosystem destruction and degradation.
IV. Land degradation leads to losses in soil organic content, nutrients, and water
storage and regulation.
V. Increased food production changes the absorption capacity of the land and can
lead to reduced flood protection.
A. I, II,III, and IV
B. B. I, II,IV and V
C. C. II,III,IV and V
D. D. I,III,IV, and V
3. The residents of Barangay Saranay were severely affected by flooding due to intense and
prolonged monsoon rains. Many people had to abandon their homes and seek shelter in
other places. Which effect of disaster BEST exemplifies this situation?
A. heath risks
B. food scarcity
C. displaced population
D. demotional aftershock
4. One survivor in a blaze that engulfed the Ozone Disco in Quezon City on March 18,
1996, suffered second-degree burns on about 30% of her body. The trauma that she
experienced was not just physical. She could not go inside enclosed spaces like movie
theaters for months. She also avoided huge crowds and other social events. Panic and
fear would torment her every time she heard the sirens of ambulances and fire trucks.
What disaster was experienced by the survivor?
A. health risks
B. food scarcity
C. displaced population
D. emotional aftershock
5. Former President Rodrigo R. Duterte signed Proclamation 922, s. 2020 declaring a State
of Public Health Emergency throughout the Philippines in light of confirmed local
transmission cases of COVID-19. It aimed to capacitate government agencies and Local
Government Units to immediately act, and utilize appropriate resources to implement
urgent, and critical measures to contain or prevent the spread of COVID- Which of the
following perspectives on disaster in this action is MOST CLOSELY related?
A. biological
B. economic
C. physical
D. political
6. People’s behavior during disasters is influenced by several factors including socio-
cultural attitudes. In which of the following DOES socio-cultural factors influence
disaster risk?
I. trust in public institutions
II. access, understanding, and reaction of a community to early warnings
III. assessment of the government’s readiness in response to different policies
IV. people’s readiness to adopt, modify, or reject safety measures offered through
outside assistance
V. traditions, belief system and practices in a society influence people’s values,
attitude, feelings and behavior
A. I, II, and III
B. II, III, and IV
C. I, III, and IV
D. II, IV, and V
7. Vulnerability pertains to the characteristics and circumstances of a community that
makeit susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard. Which of the following generally
contributes to the physical vulnerability of a community to a hazard?
A. increased prevalence of respiratory and waterborne diseases
B. poverty and discrimination by gender, social status, disability, and age
C. poor design and construction of buildings and unregulated land use planning
D. overconsumption of natural resources and decline of risk regulating ecosystem
services
8. A major flood swept through Cathy’s town, resulting in 3,000 homes and business
establishments, including theirs. Her daughter, Sara, who has a physical disability, gets
more frustrated and depressed. With her condition, what makes Sara more vulnerable to a
hazard?
A. It could let her gain an advantage over other people to gain sympathy.
B. It makes her more dependent on her mother in terms of her daily needs.
C. It makes it easier for her to focus on what she has to do because she has a
mother.
D. It reduces her persistence amid difficulty and makes her give up easily.
9. The level of vulnerability of a community is highly dependent upon the economic status
of individuals or families. If a huge flood hits a community inhabited by high, average,
and lowincome families, which of them would be the MOST vulnerable, and why?
Family Income Level of Vulnerability Reason for being
Vulnerable
I Average High They could not immediately
evacuate in response to
warnings.
II Low High They lack available
resources.
III Medium High They face many challenges in
receiving aid.
IV High High They cannot easily
utilize their funds during
emergencies.
A. I and III
B. II only
C. II and III
D. IV only
10. Suppose that a fire broke out in a heavily populated barangay. Which of the following
statements makes the people living in the area vulnerable?
I. Warmer temperatures and lower relative humidity
II. Little space for the population to escape quickly and easily
III. Insufficient number of fire trucks that can respond to the situation
IV. Response vehicles face a difficult time going around due to lack of accessible
barangay roads
V. Shortage of response vehicles to assist the victims and deliver relief goods to the
affected communities
A. I and II
B. B. II and IV
C. [Link] and IV
D. [Link] and V
11. Vulnerability to environmental hazards is much influenced by household income and
assets, gender, the quality of housing and basic services, and environmental health risks
within the workplace. Which among the families is the MOST vulnerable to
environmental hazards?
Baldoza Family: They live in a neighborhood that lacks adequate drainage and a
garbage disposal system.
Despues family: They live in a riverside-dwelling where their house was built on stilts
or long pieces of wood and metals.
Espiron Family: They live in a house located at the mountaintop where kerosene
lamps are used as the primary source of lighting.
Carmon Family: They live in a house made of fire-resistant roofing materials which
is located in a densely populated neighborhood.
A. Baldoza
B. Carmon
C. Despues
D. Espiron
12. Hazard, vulnerability, and exposure are influenced by several risk drivers, including
poverty and inequality, poorly planned and managed urban development, climate change,
and environmental degradation. As a student, why is it important to understand the
relationship among hazard, exposure, and vulnerability in disaster risk reduction?
A. To strengthen a community’s capacity to recover from disasters.
B. To lessen the potential threat or danger posed by natural or man-made events
that could lead to a disaster.
C. To assess the number of people and assets that are vulnerable, and their
exposure that make them unable to cope with the damaging effects of disaster.
D. To describe the possible result of the combination of exposure to a hazard, the
susceptibility of a community, and the people’s insufficient capacity to cope
with the potential negative consequences.
13. Anna is a Grade 11 student with the subject in Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
which focuses on the application of scientific knowledge and the solution of practical
problems in a physical environment. In what way do you think Anna could use her
knowledge about the relationship between hazard, exposure, and vulnerability in
reducing disaster risk?
I. It helps her develop effective strategies for early intervention and health protection
in emergency health responses.
II. It allows her to give possible assessments of economic, infrastructure, and social
impacts arising from a particular hazard.
III. It gives her the ability to gauge whether disaster risk reduction measures
implemented in her community are effective or not.
IV. It provides her with a more comprehensive understanding of a disaster that can
guide her in preparing her family preparedness plan.
A. I B. II C. III D. IV
14. Smog or desertification which arises through the interaction of natural processes and
human activities are examples of which type of hazard?
A. natural
B. rapid onset
C. quasi-natural
D. human-induced
15. Many people who move from the province in search of better job opportunities have led
to increasing communities in the slums of the cities. Some of these slums have developed
within public cemeteries where people build their houses over the tombs, or inside
mausoleums furnished with beds and furniture. What hazards are the people living in
public cemeteries exposed to?
I. atmospheric
II. biologic
III. geologic
IV. technologic
A. I only
B. I and II
C. I, II, and III
D. I, II, III, and IV
16. Why are low-income groups generally at much higher risk of suffering from
psychological problems as a result of experiencing the effects of various hazards?
I. They focus on daily survival and are less likely to have resources to use in the
event of a disaster.
II. They develop the feeling of helplessness in dealing with challenging financial
situations on a day-to-day basis.
III. They possess the necessary resources to improve their situation, based on their
skills, knowledge, and initiatives.
IV. They live and work with much higher levels of environmental stress factors like
greater noise levels, overcrowding, less security, and fewer services.
A. I, II, and III
B. I, III, and IV
C. I,II,and IV
D. II,III,and IV
17. The MT Princess Empress of Naujan, Oriental Mindoro sank off on the morning of
February 28, 2023, causing an oil spill in the waters of the provinces of Antique,
Batangas, Oriental Mindoro, and Palawan. Which of the following incidents DOES NOT
impact the environment in many ways?
A. Crops and plants are destroyed.
B. Water resources get contaminated.
C. Fish and other aquatic organisms are killed.
D. Skin and eye irritation and vomiting, may be experienced.
18. Which earthquake-related hazard refers to the disruptive up-down and sideways
movement or motion experienced during an earthquake?
A. liquefaction
B. ground rupture
C. ground shaking
D. earthquake-induced landslide
19. On October 15, 2013, a powerful earthquake measuring 7.2 on the Richter Scale shook
the Philippines and the epicenter was in the island province of Bohol. A 6-km segment of
ground rupture was found initially almost a week after the earthquake. Which of the
following images BEST describes a ground rupture?
A. B. C. D.
20. To mitigate the effects of tsunamis, people should be aware of the natural signs that may
occur. Which of the following are signs of an approaching tsunami?
I. A strong earthquake
II. A loud, roaring sound like that of a train or jet aircraft.
III. The sea waves form as the wind blows across the surface of the ocean, creating
small ripples.
IV. The sea is running away from the shore very fast, leaving behind wide stretches of
beach that had never been exposed before.
A. I and II
B. I, II, and III
C. I, II, and IV
D. I, III, and IV
21. When an earthquake occurs, the transmission of seismic waves can cause shaking and
vibration of the ground surface that triggers the collapse of potential landslide areas.
What devastating effect do landslides have on agriculture?
A. They block rivers and increase the risk of floods.
B. They could lead to broken electrical, water, gas, and sewage lines.
C. They can pollute streams and bodies of water with sediment and debris.
D. They destroy seed and food stocks and result in the loss of livestock and
standing crops.
22. On November 17, 2023, a powerful 6.8 magnitude undersea earthquake rocked Southern
Mindanao as reported by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Coordination Council
(NDRRMC) and the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS).
According to the PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity Scale, this earthquake is considered
very strong. What are the possible effects of an earthquake with such magnitude?
A. It may cause moderate to serious damage in a large region over 1000 km
across.
B. It can cause major damage to well-constructed structures up to about 500 km
across where people reside.
C. It can cause slight damage to well-designed buildings and major damage to
poorly constructed buildings in areas up to 300 km.
D. It may cause damage to poorly constructed buildings and other structures in
areas up to about 100 kilometers across where people live.
For number 23, please refer to the map that shows the risk to earthquakes in the
Philippines.
SOURCE:[Link]
23. What conclusion can you derive from the map?
I. More areas in Luzon are at high risk than in Visayas.
II. More areas in Mindanao are at high risk than in Visayas.
III. More areas in Visayas are at low risk than in Luzon and Mindanao.
IV. Areas in Visayas are at medium risk, while areas in Mindanao are at low risk. V.
Areas in Luzon are at low risk, while areas in Visayas are at medium risk.
A. I, II, III only
B. II, III, IV, and V
C. I, II, III, and V
D. I, III, IV, and V
24. When Mount Pinatubo erupted in 1991, it produced high-speed avalanches of pyroclastic
flows and a cloud of volcanic ash. When typhoon Diding came, it prompted flows of
mud and debris into the major river channels, affecting the communities downstream.
Which refers to the rapidly flowing thick mixture of volcanic sediments and water that is
usually triggered by intense rainfall during thunderstorms, monsoons, and typhoons?
A. Lahar
B. ash fall
C. volcanic gases
D. debris avalanche
25. falls or tephra falls are showers of airborne fine to coarse-grained volcanic particles that
fallout from the plumes of a volcanic eruption. Communities near volcanoes are at the
greatest risk for ash fall although it can be a problem hundreds of miles from a volcano
after a major eruption. Why are thin falls of ashes dangerous in times of volcanic
eruption?
I. They can create eye and upper airway irritation.
II. They can bury homes and agricultural areas under meters of hardened rock.
III. They can damage systems and sewage treatment plants, and short circuit electric
transmission facilities, telephone lines, and radio and television transmitters.
IV. They can lead to increased deposition of sediments along affected rivers and result
in long-term flooding problems in the low-lying downstream communities.
A. I, II, III B. I, III, IV C. III, IV, V D. II, III, V
26. Gina is teaching her students about the signs of volcanic eruptions. During the
discussion, she asked her students what sensory observations indicate that a volcano is
about to erupt. Which of the following responses would be unexpected?
A. The presence of a crater glow indicates that an explosive eruption will occur.
B. Animals often behave differently than usual shortly before volcanic
eruptions.
C. There is an increase in the volume of steam and a change in color from
"white" to "dark gray.”
D. Hearing rumbling sounds by people living near a volcano is one of the signs
that eruptions may take place.
For no. 27, please refer to the map that shows the danger zone of Mayon Volcano
Source: [Link]
27. The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) extended the
“danger zone” of Mayon volcano to a seven-kilometer radius last June 12, 2023,
prompting the evacuation of the residents inside the area. Based on the Mayon Volcano
Pyroclastic Density Current Hazard Map, which municipalities will LIKELY be
affected?
A. Daraga and Bacacay
B. Camalig and Ligao City
C. Tabaco City and Malilipot
D. Malilipot and Santo Domingo
28. Landslides and sinkholes can weaken structures, and are similar in many ways. Which of
the following statements is INCORRECT?
A. Both sinkholes and landslides occur on slopes.
B. Both sinkholes and landslides may form from human activity.
C. Both sinkholes and landslides can be triggered by a strong hydrological event.
D. Both sinkholes and landslides can be triggered by a strong hydrological event.
29. After eight hours of continuous rain, a massive landslide happened in ABC Subdivision.
It is situated along the Sierra Madre mountains. It encompasses five hectares with paved
roads. Houses are made from light-roofed with hollow block wall construction. What are
the primary causes of landslides?
I. presence of paved roads
II. eight hours of continuous rains
III. houses are made of hollow block wall construction
IV. subdivision is situated along the Sierra Madre mountains
A. I and II
B. I and IV
C. II and IV
D. I and IV
30. During the interview of the Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) team for the
Geohazard Assessment and Mapping Program with the residents of Barangay Malakas,
they acquired vital information on the subsidence susceptibility assessment due to
sinkhole collapse. As part of the team, which of the following responses supplements the
information gathered? A. "Our house wall cracks and trees are tilting”.
B. “Our dogs start barking, and chickens stop laying eggs”.
C. "Thunderstorms and lighting become more violent than usual.”
D. "I usually hear a roar like the sound of a train or an airplane”.
31. Based on the Ground Shaking Hazard Map of Municipality of Jalajala Rizal below, what
conclusion can you derive?
Source: [Link]
A. All the barangays in Jalajala, Rizal felt the PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity
Scale (PEIS) VII.
B. Most of the barangays in Jalajala, Rizal felt the PHIVOLCS Earthquake
Intensity Scale (PEIS) VII.
C. Few of the barangays in Jalajala, Rizal felt the PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity
Scale (PEIS) VII.
D. None of the barangays in Jalajala, Rizal felt the PHIVOLCS Earthquake
Intensity Scale (PEIS) VII.
32. Lisa was assigned as their group leader for the "Safe Slope Plan" class activity to prevent
and mitigate landslides. As the leader, it is her responsibility to gather all the suggestions
from her team members. Which of the following activities should NOT be part of the
Safe Slope Plan?
A. planting grasses and deeply rooting trees
B. building a sealed sewage system or septic tank
C. sourcing funds for engineering solutions from mining companies
D. incorporating slope-retaining solutions as an engineering intervention
33. You are watching TV, and a weather flash report appears on the screen. The forecaster
warned the public and announced a storm warning signal. Your younger sibling, also
watching with you, asks, "What are the signs of a typhoon before it makes landfall?"
What is your best response?
A. The day before landfall, the sky is clear with wind speeds up to 18kph.
B. The day before landfall, white cirrus clouds appear with wind speeds up to
18kph
C. The day before landfall, clouds appear overhead with wind speeds up to 55kph.
D. The day before landfall, the clouds are covered by high overcast overhead with
wind speeds up to 37kph.
34. Below is the tropical cyclone bulletin issued by the Philippine Atmospheric,
Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) on June 10, 2023.
Which of the following information is INCORRECT based on the bulletin forecast?
Source: [Link]
A. There is a probability that Typhoon Chedeng will fall in the Philippine
landmass.
B. It is forecast that on June 11, 2023, Typhoon Chedeng will move Northeastward
of Luzon.
C. Typhoon Chedeng is unlikely to bring heavy rainfall over the country from June
10 to June 12, 2023.
D. The center of the eye of Typhoon Chedeng was estimated at East of Northern
Luzon or 840 km East of Extreme Northern Luzon.
35. A weather broadcaster reported that tomorrow's weather in Central Luzon will include a
12 MPH northeast wind and a high temperature of 41 degrees Celsius. What instruments
will a meteorologist use to make this prediction?
A. barometer and hydrometer
B. wind vane and thermometer
C. hygrometer and anemometer
D. wind finding radar and thermometer
36. Most people enjoyed camping and sitting around the campfire at night. It can be set by
gathering wood from the ground and lighting it with a lighter or match. Adding wood
would help to grow the fire. What element of the fire triangle DOES wood represent?
A. fire
B. fuel
C. heat
D. oxygen
37. Short circuits in electrical connections are the primary causes of fire incidents in family
dwellings. These will happen when the electric wires _____. .
A. come in contact with the power source
B. come overheated due to an increase in the electrical load
C. are used for power distribution from a transformer to appliances
D. conduct electricity and provide a low-resistance path for electricity to flow
38. A two-story house was burned and caused damages to the nearby barangays.
Investigations were conducted to identify the cause of it. According to the investigator,
the cause of the fire is man-made and considered a criminal act. Which of the following
activities is HIGHLY associated with an arsonist?
A. person putting an explosive chemical at home
B. an inspector recording non-compliance of settlers with the requirements of
establishing buildings
C. a helper setting fire to the property to benefit from insurance
D. anyone who intentionally setting fire to the property to cause damage
39. Which precautionary measures can be applied to prevent the occurrence of fire in
household dwellings?
I. smoke in bed just once in a while
II. use extension cords as permanent outlets
III. keep away matches and lighters from children’s reach
IV. place the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) in a ventilated area
A. I and II
B. III and IV
C. II and IV
D. I, III and IV
40. Lisa suddenly woke up from her bed with thick smoke all over her room. Then, she
realized she was caught in the smoke. Which of the following actions from Lisa could
NOT help her situation?
A. open the warm door to escape
B. stay as low on the ground as possible
C. drop to the floor and crawl toward an exit
D. take shallow breaths through and use a shirt or towel as a filter
41. Elena is an office employee. Their office is located on the 7th floor. While she was doing
clerical work, a fire alarm rang. She realized there was a fire in the building and needed
to evacuate the area. What should Elena do as part of the basic response procedures?
A. use the elevator to exit safely
B. if there is smoke, stay as low as possible
C. use a fire extinguisher if the fire is already large
D. touch doors first, if warm, open the door and then exit
42. Arrange the activities from start to finish during fire drill.
I. Response
II. Alarm
III. Evaluation
IV. Head Count
V. Assembly
A. I, II, III, IV, V, VI
B. II, I, VI, V, IV, III
C. I, III, II, V, IV, VI
D. II, VI, I, V, IV, III
43. Mayor Jose of Matatag City set up an evacuation center. He equipped his frontline
services with the necessary tools to respond to the typhoon after the Philippine
Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)
announced that their city was affected. He deployed personnel to respond to areas that
needed assistance by calling the City Emergency Hotlines. What Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management components DOES Mayor Jose exhibit?
A. adaptation
B. application
C. mitigation
D. preparedness
44. These actions of Barangay Chairperson are called? The Barangay Chairperson of your
residents wants to reduce the effects of the typhoon in your community. He holds disaster
risk reduction-related activities like an estero clean-up drive and planting trees to raise
students’ awareness. These actions of the Barangay Chairperson are called?
A. Disaster Recovery
B. Disaster Mitigation
C. Disaster Early Warning
D. Disaster Preparedness
45. A siren warning system can provide the residents with instant information on an
approaching danger by giving early warnings in high-risk areas such as those who live
near rivers or waterways. Why do you think siren warning systems are essential in
Disaster Risk Reduction?
A. Gives hope that the disaster will not happen.
B. Helps to prepare and take immediate action.
C. Converts the disaster into a normal situation.
D. Creates an atmosphere of safety and security.
46. The Department of Education (DepEd) holds quarterly earthquake drills to help increase
the awareness of learners and personnel on what to do during an earthquake. The alarm
phase of the drill indicates an earthquake or shaking. What will be the BEST response in
the situation?
A. Proceed to identify evacuation area.
B. Walk slowly to reach the evacuation area.
C. Immediately evacuate the school building.
D. Perform duck, cover, and hold until the shaking stops.
47. A Family Emergency Plan is a useful tool that can assist household members in planning
to preserve human life and property. Since the family is the basic unit of society, it is
important that in making emergency preparedness, it should start at home. Which of the
following is INCORRECT in making a family emergency plan?
A. be guided with emergency exits (revise)
B. know the location of emergency kits
C. predict the casualty to prevent occurrence
D. identify a safe place where the family can go during disasters
48. According to PAGASA weather forecast, there will be a storm signal in your locality and
your mother is asking you to prepare a survival kit because your area is covered by a
storm signal. In preparation for such, which of the following items is the LEAST
priority?
A. non-perishable foods like canned goods, noodles, and biscuits
B. personal essentials like shampoo, toothbrush, and tissue paper
C. essential tools like a whistle, flashlights, battery, and cellular phone
D. medicines for pain reliever, allergies, loose bowel movements and vitamins
49. Basic emergency disaster kit items should be prepared when there is an impending
calamity in the area. The kit must be maintained, organized, easy to find and carry, and
checked regularly to ensure the items are in good condition. Which of the following
should be AVOIDED?
A. Check perishables more often.
B. Check medicines for the expiration date.
C. Check the emergency kit every 12 months.
D. Store the kit in a cool, dry place and away from sunlight.
50. Section 19 of Republic Act 10121 otherwise known as the Philippine Disaster Risk
Reduction Management Act of 2010 mentions prohibited acts relative to the disaster risk
reduction management system. Which of the following is PROHIBITED? A. Sell relief
goods intended for distribution.
B. Delay delivery of relief goods to affected areas.
C. Conduct relief goods operations without a permit.
D. Incorrect weather forecast by authorized agencies.
