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Tutorial Complex2

The document is a tutorial sheet focused on Laurent series and contour integrals, presenting various problems related to the expansion of functions in Laurent series for specified regions. It includes tasks for finding residues at poles and evaluating integrals using contour integration techniques. The answers to the problems are provided, detailing the expansions and results for each case.

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Rafael Sanchez
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19 views2 pages

Tutorial Complex2

The document is a tutorial sheet focused on Laurent series and contour integrals, presenting various problems related to the expansion of functions in Laurent series for specified regions. It includes tasks for finding residues at poles and evaluating integrals using contour integration techniques. The answers to the problems are provided, detailing the expansions and results for each case.

Uploaded by

Rafael Sanchez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

AERO III/IV Mathemati s Tutorial Sheet 3: Laurent

series and ontour integrals

(1) Expand the fun tion


z
f (z) =
(z − 1)(2 − z)
in a Laurent series valid for

(i) 0 < |z − 1| < 1, (ii) |z − 1| > 1, (iii) 0 < |z − 2| < 1, (iv) |z − 2| > 1,

giving in ea h ase the rst three non-zero terms in the expansion. Hen e otherwise determine
the residues of f (z) at ea h of its poles.
(2) Expand the following fun tions in Laurent series valid in the regions given

ez
(i) 2 for 0 < |z| < 1;
z(z + 1)
1 √ √
(ii) for (a) |z| > 2, (b) 1 < |z| < 2, ( ) |z| < 1.
(z 2 + 1)(z 2 + 2)
(3) Expand the following fun tions in a Laurent series about z = 0, naming the type of
singularity in ea h ase:
2
sin z cosh 1/z ez
(i) , (ii) , (iii) 4 .
z z z
(4) Find the residues of the following fun tions at the points indi ated:
1 z3
(i) z
at z = 2nπi; (ii) at z = ±i; (iii) ez tan z at z = 3π/2.
(e − 1)2 z2 + 1

(5) By integrating the fun tion


eiz
(a > b > 0)
(z 2 + a2 )(z 2 + b2 )

around a semi ir ular ontour, show that


Z ∞
cos x π ae−b − be−a
dx = .
−∞ (x2 + a2 )(x2 + b2 ) a2 − b2 ab

1
(6) Evaluate by ontour integration:
Z 2π Z
cos θ ∞
dx
(i) dθ; (ii) (n is a positive integer greater than two);
0 5 − 4 cos θ 0 1 + xn
Z ∞
sin x
(iii) dx;
−∞ x(x + 1)
2

(7) Using the indi ated ontour in Figure 1(a), nd the following integral:
Z ∞
cos x π
dx = .
−∞ ex + e−x eπ/2 + e−π/2

(8) Using the indi ated ontour in Figure 1(b), nd the following integral:
Z Z
∞
(log x)2 π3 ∞
log x π
(a) dx = ; (b) dx = − .
0 1 + x2 8 0 (1 + x )
2 2 4

−R + πi R + πi

−R R −R −ǫ ǫ R

(b)
(a)

Figure 1: The ontours for problem (7) and (8).

Answers:
(1) (i) 1/(z − 1) + 2 + 2(z − 1) + ·; (ii) −1/(z − 1) − 2/(z − 1)2 − 2/(z − 1)3 + · · · ;
(iii) −2/(z − 2) + 1 − (z − 2) + · · · ; (iv) −1/(z − 2) − 1/(z − 2)2 + 1/(z − 2)3 + · · · .
Res(f, z = 1) = 1, Res(f, z = 2) = −2
(2) (i) 1/z + 1 − z/2 − 5z 2 /6 + · · · ; (ii) (a) 1/z 4 − 3/z 6 + · · · ;
(b) · · · + 1/z 6 − 1/z 4 + 1/z 2 − 1/2 + z 2 /4 + · · · ; ( ) 1/2 − 3z 2 /4 + 7z 4 /8 − · · · .
(3) (i) 1 − z 2 /3! + z 4 /5! + · · · ; removable singularity
(ii) 1/z + 1/(2z 3 ) + · · · ; essential singularity;
(iii) 1/z 4 + 1/z 2 + 1/2 + · · · ; pole of order 4 at z = 0 (with residue zeros).
(4) (i) −1; (ii) −1/2; (iii) −e3π/2 ;
π 1
(6) (i) π/3; (ii) ; (iii) π(e − 1)/e
n sin π/n

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