GRADE 12 VELAMMAL VIDHYASHRAM

QUESTION BANK – IV - MATHEMATICS

TOPIC: UNIT I – RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS
QUESTIONS ON RELATIONS
1. Check whether the relation R defined in the set A = { 1 , 2, 3 , 4 ,… .. , 13 ,14 } as
R = { ( x , y ) :3 x− y =0 } is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
2. Check if the given relation defined on set of all natural numbers as
R = { ( x , y ) : y =x+5 , x <4 } is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
3. Check whether the relation R defined on the set { 1 , 2, 3 , 4 ,5 , 6 } as
R = { ( a ,b ) : b=a+1 } is reflexive, symmetric and transitive. Also find the range of the
relation.
4. Let R be a relation defined on N as follows: R = { ( x , y ) :2 x+ y=41 } is reflexive,
symmetric and transitive. Find the domain and range of the relation R and also check if
R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
5. Check whether the relation R defined as R = { ( x , y ) : x + y=10 , x ∈ N , y ∈ N } is reflexive,
symmetric and transitive
6. Consider the non-empty set consisting of children in a family and a relation R defined
as a R b, if ‘a is brother of b’. Check if R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
7. Relation R in the set A = { 1 , 2, 3 , 4 ,5.6 } and R = { ( x , y ) : y is divisible by x } Check if R is
reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
8. Let R = {( a , a3 ) } where a is a prime number less than 5. Find the range of R.
9. If R = { ( x , y ) : x +2 y=8 } is a relation on R, find the range of R and number of relations.
10.Let f: X → Y be a function. Define a relation R in X, R = { ( a ,b ) : f ( a ) =f (b)} . Examine R
is an equivalence relation.
11.Given a non-empty set X, consider P(X) which is the set of all subsets of X. For A, B
in P(X), ARB if A⊂ B .Is R is an equivalence relation on P(X)?
12.If R1∧R 2 are equivalence relations, show that R1 ∩ R2 is also an equivalence relation.
13.Check if the given relation is reflexive, symmetric , transitive
R = {( x , y ) : x > y , x ∈ N , y ∈ N }
14.Prove that the given relation R = { ( x , y ) : xy is a square of integer }is an equivalence relation.
15.Give example for a relation which is symmetric, but neither reflexive nor transitive.
16.Give example for a relation which is transitive but neither reflexive nor symmetric.
17.Give example for a relation which is reflexive and symmetric but not transitive.
18.Give example for a relation which is reflexive and transitive but not symmetric.
19.Give example of a relation which is symmetric and transitive but not reflexive.
20.The relation on set Z, of all integers is defined as R = { ( x , y ) : x− y is an integer } Prove that
R is an equivalence relation.
21.Show that the relation R on the set A = [ x ∈ Z , 0 ≤ x ≤12 ] given by
R = [ ( a , b ) :|a−b|is a multiple of 4 ] is an equivalence relation.
22.Show that the relation R on the set A = [ 1 ,2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ] is given by
 R = [ ( a , b ) :|a−b|is even ] is an equivalence relation. Show that all the elements of [ 1 ,3 , 5 ]
are related to each other and all the elements of [ 2 , 4 ] are related to each other, but no
element of [ 1 ,3 , 5 ]
Is related to any element of [ 2 , 4 ]
23.Show that the relation R on the set A = [ 1 ,2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ] is given by
R = [ ( a , b ) :both a∧b are either odd∨even ] is an equivalence relation. Show that all the
elements of [ 1 ,3 , 5 , 7 ] are related to each other and all the elements of [ 2 , 4 , 6 ] are related
to each other, but no element of [ 1 ,3 , 5 , 7 ] is related to any element of [ 2 , 4 , 6 ]
24.Show that the relation R on set Z of all integers is given by R = { ( a ,b ) :2∣a−b } is an
equivalence relation.
25.Let n be a fixed positive integer and the relation R is defined as R =
{ ( a ,b ) : a−b divisible by n }
Show that R is an equivalence relation on Z.
26.Let Z be the set of integers. Show that the relation R = { ( a ,b ) : a+b is even } is an
equivalence relation on Z.
27.Let Z be the set of integers. Show that the relation R = { ( a ,b ) : a−bis divisible by 5 } is an
equivalence relation on Z.
28.m is said to be related to n if m and n are integers and m- n is divisible by 13. Does this
relation R is an equivalence relation?
29.Show that the relation R on the set A = [ x ∈ Z , 0 ≤ x ≤12 ] given by
R = [ ( a , b ) : a=b ] is an equivalence relation. Find the set of all elements related to 1.
30. Let S be a relation on the set of all real numbers defined by
S = {( a ,b ) ∈ R × R :a 2+b 2=1 }Prove that S is not an equivalence relation on R.
31.Let N be the set of all natural numbers and R be the relation on N×N, defined by
(a, b) R (c, d) ⇒ ad=bc Show that R is an equivalence relation and also find the
equivalence class of [ ( 2, 6)]
32.Let A = { 1 , 2, 3 , … … . , 9 } and R be the relation A × A defined by
(a , b) R (c, d) ⇒ a + d = b +c .Prove that R is an equivalence relation and also obtain
equivalence class of [ ( 2, 5)]
33.Let N be the set of all natural numbers and R be the relation on N×N, defined by
(a, b) R (c, d) ⇒ ad (b+c )=bc (a +d ) Show that R is an equivalence relation
34.Show that the relation R in the set [ 1 ,2 , 3 ] is given by the relation R = { ( 1 , 2 ) ,(2 ,1) } is
symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive.
35.Show that the relation R in the set [ 1 ,2 , 3 ] is given by the relation R =
{ ( 1 , 1 ) , ( 2 , 2 ) , ( 3 , 3 ) , ( 1, 2 ) ,(2 , 3)} is reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive
36.Show that the relation R defined as R = { ( a ,b ) : a ≤b } is reflexive, transitive but not
symmetric.
37.Show that the relation R defined as R = {( a ,b ) : a ≤b 2 } is neither reflexive, nor transitive
nor symmetric.
38.Show that the relation R defined as R = {( a ,b ) : a ≤b 3 } is neither reflexive, nor transitive
nor symmetric.
39.Show that the relation R, defined in the set of all triangles as
 R = {( T 1 ,T 2 ) :T 1 is similar ¿ T 2 } is equivalence relation. Consider 3 triangles T 1 , T 2 , T 3 with
sides 3, 4, 5 and 5,12,13 and 6,8,10. Which of these related?
40.Let L be the set of all lines in XY plane. R be the relation as R = {( L1 , L2 ) : L1 , is∥¿ L2 }
Show that R is an equivalence relation. Also find the set of all lines that are related to y
= 2x + 4
41.Show that the relation R in the set of all books of a library of a college given by
R = { ( x , y ) : x∧ y have same number of pages } is an equivalence relation.
42.Show that the relation R, defined in the set A of all polygons
R = {( P 1 , P2 ) :P 1∧P2 have same number of sides } is an equivalence relation. What is the set
of all elements in A related to right triangle T with sides 3,4 and 5?
43. Show that the relation R in the set A of points given by
R is an equivalence relation. Further show that the set of all points related to a point P
≠(0 ,0) is the circle passing through P with origin as centre.
44.Let L be the set of all lines in a plane and R be the relation in L, defined as
R = ¿. Show that R is symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive.
45.Determine if the following relation is symmetric, reflexive and transitive.
R = { ( x , y ) : x is wife of y }
46.Determine if the following relation is symmetric, reflexive and transitive.
R = { ( x , y ) : x∧ y work at same place }
47.Determine if the following relation is symmetric, reflexive and transitive.
R = { ( x , y ) : x is father of y }
48.Determine if the following relation is symmetric, reflexive and transitive.
R = { ( x , y ) : x is exactly 7 cmtaller than y }
49.If R and S are transitive relations on a set A, then prove that R ∪ S may not be a
transitive relation on A.
50.If R and S are symmetric relations on the set A, then prove that R ∪ S and R ∩ S are
also symmetric.
QUESTIONS ON FUNCTIONS
1. Check injectivity and surjectivity of the function f: N → N given by f(x) = x 2
2. Check injectivity and surjectivity of the function f: Z → Z given by f(x) = x 2
3. Check injectivity and surjectivity of the function f: R → R given by f(x) = x 2
4. Check injectivity and surjectivity of the function f: N → N given by f(x) = x 3
5. Check injectivity and surjectivity of the function f: Z → Z given by f(x) = x 3
6. Prove that the function f : Q → Q given by f(x) = 2x – 3 is a bijection for all x∈Q
7. Show that the function f(x) = a x + b, a, b ∈ R is a bijection.
8. Show that the function f(x) = 3 x 3 +5 for all x ∈ R is a bijection.
9. Show that the function f(x) = 4 x 3 +7 for all x ∈ R is a bijection.
10.Discuss the surjectivity of the function f(x) = x 3 +2 , f :R → R
11.Prove that the function f: R→ R given by f(x) = 2x, is one – one and onto.
12.Prove that the function f: N→ N given by f(x) = 2x, is one – one, but not onto
x−1
13.Let A = R - { 2 } and B = R - { 1 } , if f: A → B is a mapping defined by f(x) = x−2 ,
show that f is a bijection.
 x−2
14.Let A = R - { 3 } and B = R - { 1 } , if f: A → B is a mapping defined by f(x) = x−3 ,
show that f is a bijection.

{} {}
7 3 3 x+ 4
15.Show that if f: R - 5 → R− 5 is defined by f ( x ) = 5 x−7 is a bijection.

16.Show that f: R - { 3 }→ R be a function defined as f ( x )= 3 x +4 is a bijection.

−4 4x

17.Check if f is an injection, surjection and hence bijection if f: R → R given by

x
f(x) = 2
x +1
18.Check if the given function f: R → R given by f(x) = x 3−x is a bijection.
19.Show that the function f: R → R given by f(x) = x 3 + x is a bijection.
20.Check if the given function f: R → R given by f(x) = 3 – 4x is a bijection.
21.Show that the modulus function f: R → R given by f(x) = |x|, is neither one – one
nor onto where |x|is x , if x is positive∧|x|is−x , if x is negative .
22.Let A = {−1 , 1 }, then discuss if f(x) = x |x| is one – one, onto and bijective.
23.Let A = {−1 , 1 }, then discuss if f(x) = x 2is one – one, onto and bijective.
x
24.Let A = {−1 , 1 }, then discuss if f(x) = 2 is one – one, onto and bijective.
x
25.Show that the function f: R → { x ∈ R :−1< x <1 } given by f(x) = 1+|x| is a bijection.

[
1 ,if x >0
26.Show that the signum function f: R → R , given by f(x) = 0 ,if x=0 is neither one –
−1 ,if x <0
one nor onto.
27.Prove that the greatest integer function f: R→ R given by f(x) = ⌊ x ⌋ is neither one –
one nor on to, where ⌊ x ⌋ denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x.
28.Show that f: R → R given by f(x) = x - ⌊ x ⌋ is neither one – one nor onto.
29.Let A be any non-empty set Then prove that identity function us a bijection.
30.Consider the identity function I N : N → N defined as I N ( x )=x , for all x ∈ N . Show that
although I N is onto, show that I N + I N : N → N defined as
I N + I N ( x )=2 x is not onto .
1
31.If f: R→ R , defined by f(x) = 2−cosx , for all x∈ R , find the range of f.
32.Let A = { 1 , 2, 3 } and B = { 4 , 5 ,6 , 7 } and let f = { ( 1 , 4 ) , ( 2 , 5 ) ,(3 , 6) } be a function from
A to B. Show that f is one – one.
33.Is g = { ( 1 , 1 ) , ( 2 , 3 ) , (3 , 5 ) , ( 4 ,7 ) } a function? If g is described by g(x) = αx+ β, then what
value should be assigned to α ∧β ?
34.Let A = {−1 , 0 ,1 } and f{( x , x 2 : x ∈ A ) } show that f : A→ A is neither one – one nor onto.
35.Let A = { 1 , 2, 3 } f : A→ A is one – one show that f is onto.
36.Let A = { 1 , 2, 3 } f: A→ A is onto, then show that f is one – one.
37.Let A = { 1 , 2, } find all one – one functions from A to itself.
38.Let A = { 1 , 2, 3 } , write all one -one from A to itself.
 {
n+ 1
if n is odd
2
39.Let f: N → N be defined by f(n) = n for all x ∈ N , state whether f is
, if n is even
2
bijective and justify your answer
40.Show that f: N→ N given by f(x) = n – (−1)n for all n ∈ N is a bijection.
{ n+ 1, if n is odd
41.Let f: N→ N be defined as f(n) = n−1 , if n is even show that f is a bijection.
42.Let A be the set of all students in a class of 50 and f: A→ N be a function defined by
f(x) = Roll number of student x. Show that f is one – one, but not onto.
1
43.Show that the function f: R0 → R 0 defined by f(x) = x is one – one and onto where R0
is the set of all non-zero real numbers. Is the result true if f: N→ R 0
44.Show that the exponential function f: R→ R , f(x) = e x is one – one, but not on to?
45.Show that the logarithmic function f: R0 → R ¿ f(x) = log a x , a > 0 is a bijection.
+¿

46.Show that f: R→ R given by f(x) = cosx, for all x ∈ R is neither one - one nor onto.

[ ]π
[ ] π
47.Consider the function f: 0. 2 → R given by f(x) = sinx and g: 0. 2 → R, given by
g(x) = cosx. Show that f and g are one – one but for every x > 2, is onto
but not one – one. f + g is not one – one
48.Let A and B be sets. Show that f: A × B → B × A such that f(a,b) = (b,a) is bijective
function.
49.Show that the function f: N × N given by f(1) = f(2) = 1 and f(x) = x -1
50.Find the number of all onto functions from the set A = { 1 , 2, 3 , … … . n } to itself.
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