Week 1 Theme: Diversity in the Living World
Main Focus: Biodiversity observation, classification, and reasoning
Key Activities & Learnings:
1. Nature Walk – Observe local biodiversity in plants and animals.
2. Data Collection Tables:
o Plants: Record name, height, stem features, and category (herb/shrub/tree).
o Animals: Note habitat, food, movement, and body parts used.
3. Classification Practice:
o Group animals based on common features like movement, food habits, etc.
4. Leaf Venation and Roots:
o Identify and trace leaf venation: reticulate (net-like) vs. parallel.
o Connect leaf type to root type and seed category (monocot/dicot).
5. Panel Discussion Topics:
o Conservation efforts, biodiversity loss, sacred groves, and Indian scientists.
Learning Outcome: Develop observation, classification, reasoning, and ecological awareness.
Week 1 Theme: Water
Main Focus: States of water, physical changes, and condensation
Key Activities & Learnings:
1. States of Matter:
o Water exists in solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam) forms.
o Heating and cooling water causes state changes.
2. Experiment: Track temperature and change in water state (melting → boiling).
3. Condensation Activity:
o Water droplets on the outer surface of cold glass explained as condensation.
4. Discussion:
o Evaporation and condensation in daily life (dew, steam, fog).
Learning Outcome: Understand water’s three states, reversible changes, and natural
phenomena like dew and fog.
Week 2 Theme: Water (continued)
Main Focus: Evaporation and the Water Cycle
Key Activities & Learnings:
1. Evaporation Investigation:
o Factors affecting evaporation: surface area, temperature, humidity, wind.
2. Experiments:
o Comparing evaporation from a bottle cap vs. a plate.
o Effect of different conditions on evaporation speed.
3. Water Cycle:
o Processes: evaporation, condensation, precipitation.
o Drawing and labeling the water cycle diagram.
Learning Outcome: Build understanding of evaporation principles and complete the water
cycle.
Week 2 Theme: Food
Main Focus: Nutrients, balanced diet, and food origin
Key Activities & Learnings:
1. Nutrients and Functions:
o Carbohydrates (energy), proteins (growth), vitamins and minerals
(protection).
o Water and roughage aid digestion.
2. Balanced Diet:
o Importance of variety in food and consequences of deficiency.
3. Deficiency Diseases:
o Vitamin A → Night blindness
o Vitamin C → Scurvy
o Vitamin D → Rickets
o Iron → Anaemia
o Iodine → Goitre
4. Food Miles & Farm to Plate:
o Trace the journey of food from farm to home.
o Impact of distance (food miles) on cost and environment.
5. Millets Awareness:
o Nutritional benefits, climate resilience, and traditional value of millets.
Learning Outcome: Understand human nutritional needs, importance of local food, and
environmental impact of food systems.
Week 3 Theme: Natural Resources
Main Focus: Classification, usage, and conservation of resources
Key Concepts:
1. Natural Resources:
o Renewable (solar, wind, water, biomass) vs. Non-renewable (coal, oil, gas,
uranium).
2. Conservation Techniques:
o Soil: Fallowing, crop rotation, organic manure, modern farming.
o Water: Rainwater harvesting (kunds, johads, baolis, tanks).
o Energy: Use of solar cookers and renewable sources.
3. Activities:
o Classify resources (table).
o Build a solar oven.
o Identify local conservation methods.
Learning Outcome: Awareness of sustainable use and conservation of natural resources.
Week 3 Theme: Metals and Non-Metals
Main Focus: Physical and chemical properties of metals and non-metals
Physical Properties:
Appearance (lustre): Metals like iron, copper, and aluminium show a shiny surface
(metallic lustre), while non-metals like coal and sulphur appear dull.
Hardness: Metals are generally hard (except sodium, potassium), while non-metals
are soft and brittle.
Malleability: Metals can be beaten into sheets; non-metals break.
Ductility: Metals can be drawn into wires (e.g. copper, aluminium); non-metals
cannot.
Sonority: Metals produce ringing sound when struck; non-metals don’t.
Thermal Conductivity: Metals conduct heat well (shown by pin falling from wax
when wire is heated).
Electrical Conductivity: Metals like iron, aluminium allow current (bulb glows); non-
metals like coal and sulphur don’t.
Chemical Properties:
Reaction with Oxygen:
o Metals form basic oxides (e.g. magnesium oxide).
o Non-metals form acidic oxides (e.g. sulphur dioxide).
Rusting: Iron + Oxygen + Water → Iron Oxide (Rust). Needs both air and moisture.
Prevented using oil, paint, or keeping dry.
Week 4 Theme 1: Heat and Air
Main Focus: Movement of warm air
Concepts:
Hot Air Rises:
o Experiment with paper cups: Cup above flame rises due to expansion and
decrease in air density.
o Warm air is lighter and rises (e.g. smoke, incense sticks).
Water Cycle Connection:
o Warm air causes water evaporation and rises.
o Moist air condenses into clouds and precipitates as rain/snow.
o Water cycle: Evaporation → Condensation → Precipitation →
Runoff/Infiltration.
Week 4 Theme 2: Understanding Adolescence
Main Focus: Physical and emotional changes during adolescence
Key Concepts:
Adolescence: Transition between childhood and adulthood.
Puberty: Start of sexual maturity; changes include height growth, menstruation,
deeper voice, pimples.
Group Activity: Classify changes into boys-only, girls-only, and common.
Height Measurement: Collect and analyze age vs. height data.
Behavioural Changes: Mood swings, emotional shifts, need for guidance and
empathy.
Menstrual Health Awareness:
o Myths vs. Facts
o Importance of hygiene
o Boys supporting female peers
o Poster-making for awareness.
Week 5 Theme 1: Sky
Main Focus: Constellations and night sky observation
Key Learnings:
Stars & Constellations:
o Stars emit their own light.
o Constellations are star patterns (e.g., Orion, Ursa Major).
Light Pollution: Fewer stars visible in cities.
Night Sky Activity: Locate Big Dipper, Orion, Pole Star using observation or Stellarium
app.
Pole Star: Appears fixed in North; used for navigation.
Big Dipper (Ursa Major) and Little Dipper (Ursa Minor) are tools for sky orientation.
Week 5 Theme 2: Galaxy
Main Focus: Introduction to the universe beyond Earth
Key Concepts:
Galaxy: A massive collection of stars, gases, dust bound by gravity.
Milky Way: Our galaxy, containing the Solar System.
Gravity: Holds stars together in galaxies.
Solar System Overview:
o Sun is a star and energy source.
o 8 planets orbit the Sun.
o Natural satellites (moons) orbit planets.
Activity: Build solar system models showing scale and distance.
Week 6 Theme: Motion of the Earth
Main Focus: Earth's movements and their effects
Key Concepts:
Rotation: Earth spins on its axis → Causes day and night. Takes 24 hours.
Revolution: Earth orbits Sun → Takes 365.25 days → Causes seasons.
Day-Night Simulation Activity:
o Use a globe and torch to show how one side is illuminated (day), and the
other is dark (night).
o The Earth's spherical shape means only half is lit at a time
