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ENME3ST Formula Sheet

The document provides a comprehensive collection of formulas related to the deflection of beams, stresses in beams and shafts, pressure vessels, energy methods, and buckling. It includes equations for normal, bending, and shear stresses, as well as strain energy calculations and methods for determining principal stresses. Additionally, it covers concepts like Mohr's circle and the radius of gyration for buckling analysis.

Uploaded by

lusionalde3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • Castigliano's theorem,
  • load equations,
  • mechanical stress,
  • rectangular cross-section,
  • strain energy,
  • slenderness ratio,
  • stress-strain relationships,
  • engineering mechanics,
  • material deformation,
  • spherical pressure vessels
27 views3 pages

ENME3ST Formula Sheet

The document provides a comprehensive collection of formulas related to the deflection of beams, stresses in beams and shafts, pressure vessels, energy methods, and buckling. It includes equations for normal, bending, and shear stresses, as well as strain energy calculations and methods for determining principal stresses. Additionally, it covers concepts like Mohr's circle and the radius of gyration for buckling analysis.

Uploaded by

lusionalde3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • Castigliano's theorem,
  • load equations,
  • mechanical stress,
  • rectangular cross-section,
  • strain energy,
  • slenderness ratio,
  • stress-strain relationships,
  • engineering mechanics,
  • material deformation,
  • spherical pressure vessels

APPENDIX – FORMULAS

DEFLECTION OF BEAMS

d 4v
Load equation: EI  q( x)
dx 4
d 3v
Shear-force equation: EI 3  V ( x)
dx
d 2v
Bending-moment equation: EI  M ( x)
dx 2

BEAMS/SHAFTS
P
Normal stress: 
A
My
Bending stress:  
I
Tr
Shear stress due to torsion: 
J
Transverse shear stress: 𝜏=
3V
Maximum shear stress in a rectangular cross-section due to shear load V : 
2A
4V
Maximum shear stress in a circular cross-section due to shear load V : 
3A
 r4  r4
Circular cross-sections: I J A   r2
4 2
𝑄= 𝑟 𝑄 = 𝑑𝑏 −𝑦

Rectangular sections: 𝐼 = 𝐴 = 𝑏ℎ

PRESSURE VESSELS
pr
Spherical Pressure Vessels: 
2t
pr
Cylindrical Pressure Vessels: Circumferential stress: c 
t
pr
Longitudinal (axial) stress: a 
2t

ENERGY METHOD
M2
Strain energy for bending U  dx
2 EI

Page | 1
SUBJECT, COURSE AND CODE: STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 2: ENME3ST

 M 2 dx M M
Castigliano’s theorem i    dx
Pi 2 EI EI Pi
 M 2 dx M M
i    dx
M i 2 EI EI M i
Mm
Unit load method   EI
dx

STRESSES ON AN INCLINED SECTION


 x  y  x  y
 x1   cos 2   xy sin 2 ;
2 2
 x  y  x  y
 y1   cos 2   xy sin 2
2 2
 x  y
 x1 y1   sin 2   xy cos 2
2
PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND MAXIMUM IN-PLANE SHEAR STRESS
2
 x  y  x  y   xy
 1 , 2    2
   xy
 , tan 2 p 
2  2   x  y 
 
 2 
 
 max   min
Maximum shear stress:  max 
2
 x  y 
 
 x  y 
2  2   x  y
 max( in  plane )   2
   xy , tan 2 s  
  , 
 average 
 2   xy 2
1  2 1 2
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM SHEAR STRESS:  xy  ; x  ; y 
2 2 2
MOHR CIRCLE:

; ;

STRAIN EQUATIONS
Hooke’s Law:
𝜎 𝜈𝜎 𝜎 𝜈𝜎 𝜈𝜎 𝜈𝜎 𝐸
𝜀 = − , 𝜀 = − , 𝜀 =− − , 𝐺=
𝐸 𝐸 𝐸 𝐸 𝐸 𝐸 2(1 + 𝜈)
𝐸 𝐸
𝜎 = 𝜀 + 𝜈𝜀 , 𝜎 = 𝜀 + 𝜈𝜀 , 𝜏 = 𝐺𝛾
1−𝜈 1−𝜈
Volume Change:
𝛥𝑉 1 − 2𝜈
𝑒= = (𝜎 + 𝜎 )
𝑉 𝐸
Strain Energy:
1 𝜏 𝐸 𝐺𝛾
𝑢= 𝜎 + 𝜎 − 2𝜈𝜎 𝜎 + , 𝑢= 𝜀 + 𝜀 + 2𝜈𝜀 𝜀 +
2𝐸 2𝐺 2(1 − 𝜈 ) 2

Page | 2
SUBJECT, COURSE AND CODE: STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 2: ENME3ST

BUCKLING

Radius of gyration: 𝑟 = 𝑆𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 =

Maximum deflection for eccentric columns: 𝛿 = 𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1

𝛿 = 𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1

Maximum bending moment for eccentric columns: 𝑀 = 𝑃𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑐 = 𝑃𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑐

𝑀 = 𝑃𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑐

Secant formula: 𝜎 = 1+ sec

Euler’s curve formula: 𝜎 = = =

Page | 3

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