HTML HTML5 Overview
Introduction to HTML:HTML Basics, Elements, Attributes, Comments,
Formatting, Links, Images, Tables, Lists, Block, Frames, HTML Meta Tags,
HTML Forms, Form Elements, Various Input Elements.
HTML 5: Introduction to HTML5, New Elements, HTML5 Semantics,
Storage API, Location API, Migration to HTML5.
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Introduction to HTML
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard language for creating web pages. It describes the
structure of a webpage using a series of elements that browsers interpret to render content visually or
audibly.
HTML Basics
Elements: The building blocks of HTML, enclosed in angle brackets (`<tag>content</tag>`).
Examples: `<p>`, `<div>`, `<h1>`.
Attributes: Provide additional information about an element, written within the opening tag.
Example: `<a href="[Link]
Comments: Used to add notes within the code, ignored by browsers.
Syntax: `<!-- Comment -->`.
HTML Formatting
Tags for text styling:
`<b>` or `<strong>`: Bold text.
`<i>` or `<em>`: Italic text.
`<u>`: Underline text.
`<small>`, `<sub>`, `<sup>`: Smaller or subscript/superscript text.
HTML Links
Created using the `<a>` tag.
Example: `<a href="[Link]
Attributes: `href` (URL), `target` (where to open the link).
HTML Images
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Embedded with the `<img>` tag.
Attributes:
`src`: Path to the image.
`alt`: Alternative text.
`width` and `height`: Dimensions.
Example: `<img src="[Link]" alt="Description" width="200" height="100">`.
HTML Tables
`<table>`: Contains rows (`<tr>`) and cells (`<td>`).
Example:
html
<table>
<tr><td>Cell 1</td><td>Cell 2</td></tr>
</table>
HTML Lists
Ordered List: `<ol>` with `<li>`.
Unordered List: `<ul>` with `<li>`.
Definition List: `<dl>` with `<dt>` and `<dd>`.
HTML Blocks
Block elements (e.g., `<div>`, `<p>`, `<h1>`): Occupy full width and start on a new line.
Inline elements (e.g., `<span>`, `<a>`): Occupy only as much width as necessary.
HTML Frames
Used to divide a webpage into sections. Example: `<iframe>` for embedding external content.
Example: `<iframe src="[Link]" width="300" height="200"></iframe>`.
HTML Meta Tags
Provide metadata about the document.
Example: `<meta charset="UTF-8">` (character encoding).
Other uses: SEO, viewport settings, author, description.
HTML Forms
Used to collect user input.
Example:
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html
<form action="[Link]" method="POST">
<input type="text" name="name">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
Form Elements:
`<input>`: Text, password, radio, checkbox, etc.
`<textarea>`: Multiline input.
`<select>` and `<option>`: Dropdown menu.
HTML5 Features
New Elements
Structural: `<header>`, `<footer>`, `<section>`, `<article>`, `<nav>`.
Multimedia: `<audio>`, `<video>`, `<canvas>`.
HTML5 Semantics
Enhances meaning and readability of the content.
Example: `<article>` for self-contained content, `<aside>` for side content.
Storage API
Local storage: Stores data in the browser without expiration.
Example: `[Link]('key', 'value');`.
Session storage: Data is available only for the session.
Location API
Access the user's geographical location (with permission).
Example: `[Link](successCallback);`.
Migration to HTML5
Replace deprecated tags (e.g., `<font>`) with CSS or new elements.
Validate code for compatibility with HTML5 standards.
This summary ensures you have a clear overview of HTML and HTML5 for your viva!
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