Anwer khan Modern Medical College, Dhaka
Department of Forensic Medicine
Dr. Syed Md. Tanjilul Haque Booklist
Associate Professor
Department of Forensic medicine & Toxicology ❑ The Essentials of Forensic Medicine & toxicology --
Anwer Khan Modern Medical College -- By [Link] Reddy
❑ Modi’s Medical Jurisprudence & toxicology
Dhanmondi, Dhaka
❑ Parikh’s Textbook of Medical Jurisprudence,
Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
❑ 4. Principles of Forensic Medicine -------- By Dr.
Apurbo Nandi
Introduction on Forensic Medicine Introduction on Forensic Medicine
❖ The term ‘Forensic’ has come from the Latin ❖ Forensic Medicine
word ‘Forensis’ which is related to ‘Forum’. deals with the medical
aspects of law
❖ ‘Forum’ is the
Roman market
❖ Forensic Medicine
place where the is also known as
lawyers did their Legal Medicine
practice in ancient
time.
Name of this subject in different History of Development of Forensic Medicine
countries Hippocrates (460-377 B.C),
The Father of Western
Country Name
Medicine, was born and
Bangladesh, Forensic Medicine & practiced in the Island of Kos
India Toxicology in Greece, discussed about the
England, Forensic Medicine lethality of wounds. His
Scotland greatest contribution to the
France, Germany, Legal Medicine medical ethics is Hippocrates
Japan, Srilanka. Oath.
Many states of Medical Jurisprudence Hippocrates 460-377 BC
USA
History of Development of Forensic Medicine History of Development of Forensic Medicine
In 1302 A.D.
Paulus Zacchias is 1st medicolegal
considered the father of autopsy was done in
forensic medicine as well as
Bologna, Italy by
father of forensic psychiatry
Bartolomeo De
Varignana
History or Development of Forensic Medicine History of Development of Forensic Medicine
In 1602 A.D. the 1st book on In 1787-1853, Mathieu JB
Forensic Medicine was Orfila, Spanish toxicologist and
published by an Italian chemist (Professor of Chemistry
& Legal Medicine at Paris), the
physician, Fortunato Fedele
founder of the science of
toxicology, often called ‘Father
of Toxicology’, brought precise
chemical methods into
toxicology
Mathiu Joseph Bonaventure Orfila
Fortunato Fedele 1787- 1853
1550-1630
History of Development of Forensic Medicine
In 1843, Mc Naughten’s rule: Law medicine problems are found in the written
the law regarding criminal records in Egypt, Babylon, India, China dating back
4000 to 3000 B.C
responsibility of insane persons
was established in England in (Oldest oath)
Mc Naughten’s case. The code of Hammurabi, king of Babylon (about
2200 B.C) is the oldest known medico-legal code
New oath = Geneva Declaration Oath
Daniel Mc Naughten 1843
ForensicMedicine/ LegalMedicine/State medicine ❖ Civil law—deals with the disputes between 2 citizens
It may be defined as that branch of medical Example–
science which deals with the application of ▪ Divorce suit
knowledge of each & every branches of ▪ Eviction suit
medicine whenever & wherever required or ▪ Title suit
▪ Partition suit
necessary for taking decision in legal affairs
▪ Affiliation suit
both in civil & criminal situation
▪ Compensation suit etc.
It aims to elicit the truth & help the court in
giving a correct judgment both in civil &
criminal cases
❖ Criminal law--- deals with the disputes between Medical jurisprudence
the state & citizen (Juris--law----prudence---knowledge)
• Murder case Branch of Forensic Medicine which deals legal
• kidnap case aspects of medical practice, that means, what the
• Rape and other sexual offence cases medical man should do and what he should not. The
• Physical assault case principles and the Ethical Codes which guides the
• Robbery, theft cases medical practice is most importantly the Doctors-
• Smuggling cases etc. Patient, the Doctor-Doctor, Doctor- State relation
(Only applicable for doctors)
Differences between Forensic Medicine & Medical Forensic Medicine Medical
Jurisprudence Jurisprudence
4. It deals with the 4. It deals with the legal
Forensic Medicine Medical application of medical & responsibilities of Doctors
Jurisprudence paramedical knowledge in with particular references
1. ***** Definition 1. ***** Definition the administration of to those arises from ---
justice. Doctor-patient relationship.
2. It deals with the 2. It deals with the Doctor-Doctor relationship.
medical aspect of legal aspects of Doctor-student
Law. medical practice. relationship. And medical
3. It has some sub- 3. It has no sub- negligence cases.
divisions. divisions. 5. It can be applied to all. 5. It can be applied only to
the doctors.
BRANCHES OF FORENSIC MEDICINE
FORENSIC THANATOLOGY
CLINICAL FORENSIC MEDICINE FORENSIC OBSTETRIC
FORENSIC PATHOLOGY FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY
FORENSIC DACTYLOGRAPHY FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY
FORENSIC BALLASTIC FORENSIC RADIOLOG
FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY FORENSIC NURSING
FORENSIC SEROLOGY
Clinical Forensic Medicine Forensic Pathology
Examination of a living person for medico-legal
purpose is called CFM. This is the branch of Forensic
Medicine dealing with the
Scope of CFM medico-legal investigation of
Physical assault victim death such as sudden,
Sexual assault victim unexplained, unexpected,
Poisoning case ● Autopsy is done by lecturer to professor suspicious, unnatural &
of forensic department of government
Age determination hospital. medically unattended death
Sex determination A full autopsy is required in
● In villages autopsy is done by RMO
DNA profiling (Resident Medical Officer) under the most cases to determine the
supervision of civil surgeon.
cause & manner of death
Forensic Toxicology
Forensic Ballistic
This is the branch of
Forensic Medicine which
deals with the Forensic ballistic is that
application of knowledge branch of forensic
of poisons with the medicine which deals
medical and legal with firearms,
aspects of the harmful ammunitions &
effects of chemicals on explosives.
human being
Forensic Dactylography Forensic radiolgy
This is the branch of
Forensic Medicine dealing Forensic radiology
with the finger print system is that branch o
which can be regarded as forensic medicine
the most characteristic
datum for establishments of
which deals with
absolute identity of an various radiological
individual aspects to help the
Easiest identification - Photograph
justice both in civil &
criminal affairs
Forensic Psychiatry Forensic
Thanatology
This is the branch
of Forensic Medicine This is the branch
dealing with the of Forensic
medico- legal study Medicine which
of insane and mental deals with death
health and its various
aspects
Forensic Obstetrics
Forensic Serology
It is the branch of
Forensic Medicine This is the branch of
which deals with the Forensic Medicine
examination of blood which deals with
and seminal stain and medicolegal aspects
their specific tests to
of pregnancy,
detect crimes to aid in
the administration of abortion, delivery etc
justice
Forensic Nursing Specific Objectives
It is a specialty of Forensic
▪ Examine and prepare reports or certificates in
Medicine which deals with
medicolegal cases
the scientific role of ▪ To perform medico-legal Post-mortem exam,
registered nurses in the examination of victim of sexual offence, physical assault
medico legal cases, e.g.. victim, age determination, exam insane case.
Domestic violence, sexual ▪ To help court as an effective medical witness.
assault, psychological abuse ▪ To practice & apply medical ethics
and other death related ▪ To avoid professional misconduct & malpraxis.
problems ▪ Preserve & dispatch specimens in medicolegal cases.
Need of fair knowledge of Forensic Medicine for all
Doctors of all categories should have a fair doctors
knowledge about Forensic Medicine for
1. During practice, the doctors treat patients of different
the following purposes origins and get some victims, accused, assailants etc. of
civil and criminal cases such as:
For giving medico-legal opinion. a. A physician treats poisoning, These may have
For professional safe guard. sudden death cases. involvement with civil and
criminal cases.
To know about code of conduct. b. A surgeon treats wound cases In all such cases the doctor
c. An obstetrician treats will be required to appear in
pregnancy, abortion and the Court of Law as an expert
delivery cases witness.
Needs of fair knowledge of Forensic Medicine for Needs of fair knowledge of Forensic Medicine for
all doctors all doctors
2. A doctor of any specialty may be asked at anytime 4. Fair knowledge is also needed to know doctors code of
to give medicolegal opinion such as autopsy report, conduct during practicing medicine such as rights & privileges
victim of rape case examination, age determination of doctor himself and patient, medical ethics, professional
infamous conducts, secrecy, privilege communication,
report etc.
negligence, consent etc.
3. Fair knowledge is needed to safeguard a doctor ❖ In all above cases Forensic Medicine prepares the
himself from civil and criminal cases doctors to face such situations with efficiency that is
why doctors of all categories need fair knowledge of
Forensic Medicine.
THANK YOU
