Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III-Central Luzon
Schools Division of Bulacan
Asian Institute of Science and Technology
Plaza Naning Victoria Bldg. Baliwag, Bulacan
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Module
In
TRENDS, NETWORKS, & CRITICAL
THINKING IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Second Quarter SY 2021-2022
Mr. John Mark B. Angeles
Name:
Section:
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this module, the students should be able to:
❖ Identify democratic practices
❖ Explain the importance of participation in democracy
❖ Differentiate participatory from representative democracy
❖ Assess democratic interventions prevailing in political and social institutions
❖ Formulate a viable alternative to undemocratic practices
❖ Identify the dimensions of technology that are enabling and inhibiting
❖ Discuss the benefits of technology
❖ Explain the weakest link in a system using strategic and intuitive thinking
WEEK 1-2
Things to remember:
1. Government is a body that governs or administers a political unit, a country or state
2. Democracy is a form of government where people rule themselves?
3. Republicanism is a political system that protects liberty and believes in equality and the rule of law.
4. A Congress is a body of elected representatives which rule the country on behalf of the people. A
5. The Legislature is the law-making body of the government.
6.The executive department is led by the President.
7. The purpose of the Bill of Rights is to protect individual rights of the people.
8. Obeying traffic laws is an example of a civic responsibility of citizens.
DEMOCRATIC PRACTICES
= “power of the people”
= originates from the Greek words
DEMOS - “people”
KRATOS - “power”
= A government by the people, of the people, and for the people (Abraham Lincoln)
*by the people - the government is run by the people themselves as they elect their
leader and representatives.
*of the people - as rational being, democracy is government ‘of the people’ not government
of animals, stones or other non-living things. Therefore, the laws,
regulations, acts etc. are enacted by the people.
*for the people - since the government is created of and by the people, the activities,
projects and programs of the government should promote common good
for the people, the government promote, protect and preserve human
rights and equality.
DEMOCRATIC PRACTICES
2
Democratic practices are variations on the things that happen every day in communities.
In order for these routine activities to become public, citizens have to be involved.
Democracy
- is a system of government in which laws, policies, leadership, and major undertakings of a
state or other policy are directly or indirectly decided by the “people,” a group historically
constituted by only a minority of the population (e.g., all free adult males in ancient Athens or all
sufficiently propertied adult males in 19th-century Britain) but generally understood since the mid-
20th century to include all (or nearly all) adult citizens.
- States with democratic governments prevent rule by autocrats, guarantee fundamental
individual rights, allow for a relatively high level of political equality, and rarely make war on each
other. As compared to undemocratic states, they also better foster human development as measured
by indicators such as health and education, provide more prosperity for their citizens, and ensure a
broader range of personal freedoms.
1. Civil Rights
Have you ever asked yourself what could you possible enjoy as a Filipino citizen? Well, we
have the freedom of speech but never go anything lewd or obscene as well as not to provokes violence
or disorder. That freedom limits us to create seditious messages and present danger to anyone.
Another civil right we obviously enjoy is the freedom of religion wherein our preference for a
religion cannot be endorsed by the state or anyone else. We can freely choose a religion we wanted to
embrace and practice.
An individual’s privilege and duty to vote should not be taken for granted since the choice of
majority will rule our country. Thus, the caption “vote wisely” should be practiced seriously. Lastly,
we are privileged to access a quality and public education at all levels.
2. Respectable and Bias-free Mass Media
For sure we all have our favorite channel to watch for news and current events but how reliable are
they? Do they fairly represent all groups? This might be a relevant question to consider as when a station
becomes bias with their reporting people will lose their trust like what happened last presidential election
where advertisement of a presidential candidate was refused by a certain network to show or broadcast
because they favor other candidates.
Media can influence our thoughts, manners, and even the way we live in the society because they
are some people who believes in any information without assuring if it a fact or merely a speculation.
Thus, a respectable and bias-free mass media is a thing Filipino should enjoy since it is part of their civil
right.
3. Equality before the law
All persons are equal in the eye of the law regardless of status, wealth or power just like how the
statue of Lady Justice wearing blindfold. Aside from the blindfold the statue also carries a balance scale
which means that it is going to weigh the evidence presented to the court and it should look and compare
each side as justice is done. And the sword which is unsheathed is a symbol that justice is transparent and
not an implement of fear.
3
A right to a fair trial is a visible practice in the Philippines thus the court presumed innocent until the
contrary is proved beyond reasonable doubt or proven guilty.
THE ESSENCE OF PARTICIPATION IN DEMOCRACY
Now that you have gained background about Democracy that it is a people ‘vote, individual
rights are protected, laws to protect and majority rule. It’s time for you to discover about the importance
of participation in democracy. They say that citizens make the future of the country, but how can citizen
do something useful or contribute to the development of the country? Participation plays a vital role in
order to achieve success for example participation in poverty reduction and participations from a human
rights perspective.
We are driven to live in better conditions, so it is our individual duty to do everything to achieve
it. By actively participating in democracy private individual will be provided with opportunity to
influence public decisions and be a part of democratic decision-making process.
“While democracy is the process whereby the people collectively decide on the priorities and
policies of public life, human rights are the individual guarantees that the state is set to uphold and
respect– and that make participation in democratic governance meaningful.”
REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY
We already gain knowledge about the importance of participation democracy so now we will
deepen your understanding by differentiating participatory and representative democracy. Participatory
government is also known as direct democracy where all people vote on all decisions. They don’t need
somebody to represent them but rather vote on issues directly. The only advantage of participatory
democracy is that people have all the power. The disadvantages are uninformed people vote on issues and
it will only work in small groups.
In representative democracy, people vote an elected official like congressman to vote on issues for
them. This elect official will make decisions for the people and propose laws.
The only advantage of this representative democracy is people can choose experts to make and
carry out decisions for them. The disadvantage is that we can never guarantee that the official we elected,
or leader will represent people’s interest.
DEMOCRATIC INTERVENTIONS PREVAILING IN POLITICAL AND SOCIAL
INSTITUTIONS
When applying for a government vacant position, the responsible agency will announce the
vacancy to the public and accept qualified applicants and evaluate them all fairly with no personal interest
of a favored applicant to place in the position. This is an example of democratic social interventions. The
same persons or families were being tapped as vacancies arose should no longer be practiced achieving
democracy in the social institution.
Political dynasty is rampant in the Philippines it happens when an elected government official is
succeeded by a member of his household up to the first degree of consanguinity or affinity and when
4
several members of the family occupy various positions in the government. This makes it unfair to a
new aspiring politician or talents to penetrate and in effect it will decrease the level of political
participation among the populace.
As citizens, to practice democracy we should give fair chance to all political candidates and not
be persuade patronizing political dynasty.
Viable Alternative to Undemocratic Practices
Undemocratic practices are very evident in everywhere just like gender biases, poverty, political
marginalization, racial inequality, cultural domination, crisis of representation and politics of recognition.
The biggest challenge is how to stop it and make it right by formulating a viable alternative.
Gender bias occur when there is unequal treatment on men and women because of their gender. In
order to eliminate gender biases, we should prohibit gender discrimination, learn awareness and
acceptance.
Poverty is the state of being extremely poor. Some families remain poor due to lack of
opportunities, education, and skills. To achieve social equity the Philippine government, launch a special
program like the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program to eradicate poverty. Part of the condition of the
program is to provide family development sessions to the grantees and this is very helpful since front liners
of the program are educating parents at home.
Political Marginalization is an effect of political exclusions that prevents or limits the enjoyment of
certain rights. Just like how women are less likely to win a position in an election due to prejudice. So, we
should give fair chance to everyone regardless of gender.
Racial Inequality is defined as disparity in opportunity and treatment that occurs as a result of
someone’s race. An example of racial inequality is Asian students are more likely to receive a scholarship
from an Asian non-profit organization than a non-Asian student.
Cultural domination is defined as cultural practice that is dominant within a particular political,
social or economic entity, in which multiple cultures are present.
Activity: MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Directions: Read and understand each item and choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. The activity of choosing someone or something in an election.
A. Franchise C. Selection
B. Suffrage D. Voting
2. It defines 'minority' as 'a group of people who share some characteristic by birth that makes their
group smaller than some other groups in a society and may cause others to treat them unfairly.'
A. Special protection program C. Equality
B. Human Rights D. Special protection for minorities in the society
3. The right to vote in political elections.
A. Suffrage C. Disagreement
B. Attestation D. Ballot
4. A class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social
organizations, and private individuals.
A. Civil and political rights C. Fundamental rights
B. Solidarity rights D. Human rights
5. Is a form of government in which the people have the authority to choose their governing legislation.
A. Revolutionary C. Monarchy
B. Democracy D. Federalism
6. Prejudice against people of a particular gender.
A. Equity C. Gender Bias
5
B. Stereotype D. Gender Identity
7. It generally refers to traditional political families or the practices by these political families of
monopolizing political power and public offices.
A. Political Dynasty C. Political Misconduct
B. Political Marginalization D. Political Families
8. A model of democracy that allow people decide on policy initiatives directly.
A. Representative C. Direct
B. Free Press D. Civil Society
9. A model of democracy founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people, as
opposed to direct democracy.
A. Participatory C. Revolutionary
B. Representative D. Federal
10. The state of being extremely poor.
A. Poverty C. Famish
B. Hunger D. Deprivation
ANSWER KEY – Week 01-02
Activity
1. D. Voting
2. C. Equality
3. A. Suffrage
4. A. Civil and Political
5. B. Democracy
6. D. Gender Identity
7. A. Political Dynasty
8. C. Direct
9. B. Representative
10. A. Poverty
6
WEEK 3
DIMENSIONS OF TECHNOLOGY THAT ARE ENABLING AND NOT INHIBITING
Technology is accumulation of skills, procedures, performances that are combined to create goods and
services using scientific methods. I this lesson, you will know the invention of technology known as
enabling and how makes society a better place to live, easier, and convenient. Lastly, you will know also
what are the things that make its not inhibiting.
EVOLUTION OF COMMUNICATION
Communication has improved and evolved to enable our daily activities. In the 21st century,
everything related to communication utilizes technology to “direct out” or distribute information to a
wider audience. Information can be “send out” in many ways. Which implies that inventions of cellular
phones, televisions and other electronic devices important in enhancing communication.
WHAT IS ICT?
Information Communication Technology (ICT) could be a technology needed for information
dispensation that use of communication devices electronics, computers, and software system applications
to convert, store, protect, process, transmit and retrieve information.
INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
(Reading books) (Share with friends) (E-mail findings) INFORMATION
Information states to the information obtained from reading, investigation, study or analysis. It
helps us to meet our daily tasks and deciding. These tools transmit information are telephone, television
and radio. As an example, scientist can detect the formation of a tsunami using the newest technology and
warn the public to avoid disasters in within the affected areas.
COMMUNICATION
Communication is associate degree act of transmitting messages. It is a method whereby
information is exchanged between individuals using symbols, signs or verbal interactions. Previously,
people communicated through exchange of signs and symbols, whereas others perform it by drama and
poetry. With the arrival of technology, these “older” styles of communication are less utilized as
compared to the use of the internet, e-mail or video conferencing. Communication is very important in
order to gain knowledge. That will make us more confident in expressing our thoughts and ideas.
TECHNOLOGY
Technology is important in communication that deals with the employment of knowledge domain,
experiences and resources to make processes and product that fulfil human desires. Merriam-Webster
7
dictionary defines associate degree Invention Technology are a few things invented, like a device,
gadget, or process originated after study and experiment a product of the imagination. While Innovation
Technology a brand-new idea, method, or device that was introduction of something new like room
computer to laptop computer.
Aiding Communication
Telephone and fax machines are the devices employed in extending
communication.
Spreading Communication
It is used broadcast information like news or weather reports effectively.
Specifically, radio, television, satellites, and the World Wide Web (www) are powerful
tools which will be used.
TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE
In 3500 BC, the In 1500 BC, the
Sumerians Phoenicians
developed developed the
cuneiform writing. alphabet
In 1454, the first
printing began In 105 BC, Tsai
with the creation Lum of China
of the printing invented paper.
machine.
In 1793, the In 1876, the first
telegraph line telephone was
was invented. introduced.
In 1925,
In 1941, the
television was
computer was made known to
created.
public.
In 1958, the In 1963, the
photocopier communication
machine was satellite was
introduced. introduced.
In 1969, the first
Internet known as
ARPANET was
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos introduced.
8
THE BENEFITS OF HOW TO UTILIZE THE TECHNOLOGY THROUGH IDENTIFYING THE
WEAKEST LINK IN A SYSTEM USING STRATEGIC AND INTUITIVE THINKING
The technology-forced society has opened a lot of opportunities to learn. In this lesson, you will
know the benefits of how to utilize the technology through identifying the weakest link in a system using
strategic and intuitive thinking.
❖ The Technology-enhanced Learning Environment
Conole et. (2008) investigated how university students’ learning patterns are influenced by the
availability of technology-enhanced learning environment. The technology-propelled society has
opened a lot of opportunities to learn. They further said that these require combining old and new
methods, higher-lever skills, such as evaluation and synthesis, and are necessary to make sense of
their complex technological-enriched learning atmosphere and proper use of tools in a combination
of ways to suit individual needs. Their learning exhibited that the peer group of new millennium
learners displays complex learning styles that are shaped by the ubiquity, convenience and ease of
use of digital resources.
❖ Benefits of Traditional and Contemporary Technologies
The benefits of technology on our lives, these days can simply, not be overlooked. The 21st century
is already being called as the era of science and technology, and we have innovative so much in this
field, in just 18 years ago. This seems incredible but, yet it has occurred.
BENEFITS OF TECHNOLOGY
1. Make housing and lifestyle more mechanized with the creation of technology will provide
convenience since every task becomes easy and handy.
2. Allow travel to be faster and accessible.
3. Improve communication using the telephone, mobile phones, satellite, and other related calling
devices.
4. Expand the entertainment sector with the inventions of music, video games, mobile games,
video games, and visual systems.
5. Make use of the social networking to promote the company’s products and services that makes
business easier.
6. Encourage educational technology and enhance online education.
7. Provide state of the art in medicine and technology thereby improving doctor’s prognosis to
their patients.
8. Save time and money in the production of goods with all the machines doing most of the
work.
9. Encourage creativity and innovation since people can do online business or work at home.
10. Provide easy access to information such as e-books and reading materials.
9
Activity: TRUE OR FALSE:
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement in each given is correct and FALSE if its incorrect, use the
answer sheet given for this week.
______________1. Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially
in industry.
______________2. Communication is simply the act of transferring information from one place, person or
group to another.
______________3. Technology provides difficult access to information such as e-books and reading
materials.
______________4. It spends a lot of time and money in the production of goods with all the machines
doing most of the work.
______________5. Invention Technology a brand-new idea, method, or device that was introduction of
something new like room computer to laptop computer.
______________6. Information states to the information obtained from reading, investigation, study or
analysis. It helps us to meet our daily tasks and deciding.
______________7. Telephone and fax machines are the devices employed in extending communication.
______________8. It allows travel to be faster and accessible.
______________9. Information Communication Technology (ICT) could be a technology needed for
information dispensation that use of communication devices electronics, computers, and software system
applications to convert, store, protect, process, transmit and retrieve information.
______________10. Innovation Technology are a few things invented, like a device, gadget, or process
originated after study and experiment a product of the imagination
ANSWER KEY – Week 03
Activity
1. TRUE
2. TRUE
3. FALSE - Easy
4. FALSE - Save
5. FALSE - Innovation
6. TRUE
7. TRUE
8. TRUE
9. TRUE
10. FALSE - Invention
10
WEEK 4
OCCUPY MOVEMENTS AND INTERVENTION
TO IMPROVE HUMAN LIFE
Technology has transformed the boundary to obtaining information, social interaction, and access to digital
content. In this context, you will know on how information communication technology can facilitate social
relationships and political movements and propose a creative intervention to improve human life.
PARTITIONS BETWEEN THE WORKPLACE AND OTHER SPHERES OF LIFE ARE
FALLING DOWN William Rothwell, 2002
Technology has both the advantage and disadvantage of knocking down communication
barriers. Emails are sent internationally with ease; cellular phones hooked to satellites make
everyone reachable, even to the depth of one hundred feet below the ocean or on the surface of the
moon, at all times; and wireless technology enables people to communicate anywhere and anytime.
This trend will continue, with the advent technology – such as broadcast-quality video
conferencing from the desk where human experts will be instantly available and time.
Workplace learning will become divorced from place alone, it will be just as likely to occur
in an automobile, on the sofa at home, or in an airplane as behind a desk, on a production line, or in
a front of a computer screen. In many places, this has already happened, and the definition that
constitutes the workplace have shifted “anywhere and anytime.” As a result of this trend,
workplace learners will feel free to seek out useful information to guide their performance
whenever they need it. Learning will likely to occur during recreation and purposeful work activity.
It must increasingly be available on demand.
Activity: Slogan Making (20 POINTS)
Direction: Create a slogan on occupy movements and intervention. Write your slogan inside the box and your
explanation below.
11
Effort 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point
Craftsmanship The slogan is The slogan is The slogan is The slogan is
exceptionally attractive in acceptably distractingly
attractive in terms of attractive messy.
terms of neatness. Good though it may
neatness. Well- construction and be a bit messy.
constructed and not very messy.
not messy.
Creativity Slogan is Slogan is creative Slogan is The slogan does
exceptionally and a good creative and not reflect any
creative. A lot of amount of some thought degree of
thought and thought was put was put into creativity.
effort was used into decorating it. decorating it.
to make the
banner.
Originality Exceptional use Good use of new Average use of No use of new
of new ideas and ideas and new ideas and ideas and
originality to originality to originality to originality to
create slogan. create slogan. create slogan. create slogan.
ANSWER KEY – Week 04
Activity
12
Unit Test
What I Know
As an initial activity, you will be assessing on your prior knowledge about information
communication technology. This is to find out what are the things you need to learn more about the
subject matter.
SET A. Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the correct answer before each number.
________ 1. Which of the following technology required for information processing, in particular, the use
of electronic computers, communication devices and software anytime?
A. Information C. social media
B. ICT D. Communication
________ 2. What do you call knowledge obtained from reading, investigation, study or research?
A. Message C. Information
B. Values D. Computers
________3. Which of the following will Information is considered as the knowledge and helps us to fulfil
our daily tasks?
A. forecasting the stock exchange market.
B. informing the latest gadgets with your relatives
C. answering a calls
D. liked the video uploaded by your friends
________4. Which of the following years were the Sumerians developed cuneiform writing?
A. 35 BC C. 3500 BC
B. 1900 D. 1000 BC
________5. Who developed and introduced the alphabet in the world during 1500BC?
A. Phoenicians C. Romans
B. Spartans D. Athens
________6. What term is used to introduce the first internet in 1969?
A. ARPANET C. NET Globe
B. World Wide Web D. Communication
________7. Which of the following belonged to the educational approach, cultural setting, or physical
setting in which teaching, and learning occur?
A. Learning Environment C. Classroom
B. School D. Community
________8. Which of the following considered as a vital in communication which deals with the use of
scientific knowledge, experiences and resources to create processes and products that fulfil
human needs? A. Invention Technology C. Innovation Technology
B. Technology D. Timeline
________9. What are the devices used in extending communication like telephone and fax machines?
A. Aiding Communication C. Practicing Communication
B. Following Communication D. Trending Communication
________10. Which of the following defined something invented, such as a device, gadget, or process
originated after study and experiment a product of the imagination?
A. Invention Technology C. Innovation Technology
B. Technology D. Timeline
________ 11. Which of the following deals with the use of scientific knowledge, experiences and
resources that create processes and products to fulfil human needs as a vital in
communication?
A. Invention Technology C. Innovation Technology
B. Technology D. Timeline
________12. What do you call the place where people work, such as an office or factory?
A. Office C. Workplace
B. School D. Laboratory
________13. What do you call a recurrent phenomenon that takes place over time and gives rise to
speculation on the future?
A. Computers C. Trend
B. Network D. Internet
________14. Which of the following refers the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes,
especially in industry?
A. Invention Technology C. Innovation Technology
B. Technology D. Timeline
________15. The following are considered as an invention technology, Except:
A. Photocopier Machine C. Paper
B. Telephone D. Laptop
SET B. IN YOUR OWNWORDS. Define the terms used in this lesson. 3-5 sentences (2points each)
1. Technology ___________________________________________________
2. Digital Resources_______________________________________________
3. Learning Environment ___________________________________________
4. Ubiquity ______________________________________________________
5. Digital Resources_______________________________________________
UNIT TEST
1. B 9. A
2. C 10. A
3. A 11. B
4. C 12. C
5. A 13. C
6. A 14. B
7. A 15. D
8. B
PERFORMANCE TASK
CHOOSE ONE (1) ONLY!!!
Instruction:
• Choose one performance task below (Democracy or Technology)
First task is a video/oral presentation.
Second task is technology innovation.
• Submission will be on May 07, 2022, Saturday. Comment your output on the comment section on Edmodo
or Facebook group post.
PERFORMANCE TASK 1
Using any form of video/oral presentation, explain creatively the ill effects of undemocratic practices related
to factors such as gender biases, poverty, political marginalization, racial inequality, cultural domination, crisis of
representation and politics of recognition.
PERFORMANCE TASK 2
Propose, organize and mobilize an event that deals with a significant global issue, using ICT. Present it
through video.
RUBRICS For PETA 1&2
5 POINTS 10 POINTS 15 POINTS 20 POINTS
Creativity, minimal creativity. few areas of few areas of displayed full
Design, & Less effort creativity. creativity and eye- creativity and very
Craftsmanship displayed Assembled but catching. Well pleasant to see.
only several pieces assembled and Seamlessly
are well arranged most pieces are assembled and all
well arranged pieces are well
arranged.
Relevance Contents not Some contents are Most contents are Whole presentation
related to the topic related to the topic related to the topic is related to the
topic.
Explanation Misses key points. Explanation is Good solid A complete
unclear. response with clear response with a
explanation. detailed
explanation.
SCORE
ANSWER SHEET (WEEK 1-4)
ASIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTRAL INC.
Victoria Bldg., Plaza Naning, Baliwag Bulacan
1st Quarter, 1st Semester SY: 2021-2022
TRENDS, NETWORKS AND CRITICAL THINKING TO THE 21ST CENTURY
Mr. John Mark B. Angeles
Name of Student:
Section: WEEK 1-4
Score: Score:
WEEK 1-2 WEEK 3
Activity 1 Activity 1
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 7
8 8
9 9
10 10
WEEK 4
Submitted by: Checked and encoded by:
Mr. John Mark B. Angeles
Name of Student Subject Teacher
Date: Date:
ANSWER SHEET (UNIT TEST)
ASIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTRAL INC.
Victoria Bldg., Plaza Naning, Baliwag Bulacan
1st Quarter, 1st Semester SY: 2021-2022
TRENDS, NETWORKS AND CRITICAL THINKING TO THE 21ST CENTURY
Mr. John Mark B. Angeles
Name of Student:
Section: UNIT TEST
Score: Score:
SET A
2 POINTS EACH
1 11.
2 12.
3 13.
4 14.
5 15.
6
7
8
9
10
SET B
Submitted by: Checked and encoded by:
Mr. John Mark B. Angeles
Name of Student Subject Teacher
Date: Date:
