Name: Score: LAS No.
ALS CLC: Level: Schedule: Date:
Type of Activity: __ Individual Practice Learning Strand: _2 - Scientific and Critical Thinking Skills
__ Classroom Encounter Competency Code: (LS2SC-BC-PSD-LE/AE/JHS-53)
__ Others, pls specify____
Lesson Title: Herbal Medicine
Competency: Identify plants with medicinal value growing in the community and their uses in treating certain
ailments.
Learning Intent: Identify plants with medicinal value growing in the community and their uses in treating certain
ailments.
Value Emphasis: Appreciating the use of medicinal plants.
Reference: Learning strand 2 Module. Herbal Medicine
I. Pre-test
Directions: Match Column A to Column B. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Column A Column B
_____1. Bayabas For body aches and pain
_____2. Akapulko Controls blood sugar level
_____3. Niyog-niyogan For fungal infection
_____4. Bawang For parasitic worms
_____5. Ampalaya Lowers cholesterol level in the blood
_____6. Yerba Buena For rheumatism and gout
_____7. Ulasimang Bato For abdominal pain and diarrhea
_____8. Sambong For Kidney disorder
_____9. Tsaang Gubat For Wound infection
_____10. Lagundi For asthma and coug
II. Concept Notes.
Herbal Medicine
Herbal Medicine is the oldest and still widely used system of medicine since it is readily
available and easily accessible in the community.
The word herbal comes from the Greek word “herba” which means “grass” or “green
plant”. While medicine comes from the Latin word “medicina” which means “healing”.
Herbal medicine then is a type of medicine which uses herbs or plants to prevent and treat a
disease or illness.
Herbs refer to any part of the plant like fruit, seed, stem, bark, flower, leaf, stigma, or root, as
well as a non-woody plant, including those that come from trees and shrubs. However, not all
herbs or plants have medicinal value.
Uses and Preparation of Herbal Medicine
There are certain procedures in the preparation of herbal medicine. First of which are
inspection and sorting. These procedures ensure the purity, cleanliness, and good quality of
the plant parts. Another processing procedure is washing with clean water where scraping and
brushing may be necessary. Then, drying of the plant parts follows if needed.
Another thing to consider in the preparation of herbal medicine is hygiene and sanitation. The
person who will prepare should be knowledgeable of herbal medicines and their preparation.
The equipment or utensils to be used should also be clean.
The most common ways in the preparation of herbal medicine are the Decoction and Poultice.
A decoction is a type of preparation where you boil plant parts in water for 15 to 20 minutes until the
volume of the water is halved. In making a decoction it is important not to cover the pot and always
boil it on a low fire. It may be used to clean wounds or to disinfect wounds, or it can be consumed as
a tea.
Another is Poultice or Paste. It is a preparation where you grind, crush, or pound the plant material.
It is then applied directly to the affected areas.
Some herbal remedies can be eaten or chewed, while others can be applied directly to the affected or
target region.
There are many species of plants with medicinal value in the Philippines. But the Department of
Health (DOH) endorsed ten scientifically validated medicinal plants to ensure the efficacy of the
medical plants and the safety of the people who will use them.
Lagundi (Vitex negundo)
Lagundi is also known as a five-leaved chaste tree reaching a height of five
meters. This shrub is effective in reducing cough, colds, and fever. It is also
known to treat asthma, rheumatism, dyspepsia, diarrhea, and skin disease.
Nowadays, Lagundi is commonly used as an ingredient in cough syrups and
capsules.
Niyog-niyogan (Quisqualis indica L.)
Niyog-niyogan is also known as rangoon creeper reaching a height of eight
meters. This vine is commonly mistaken for coconut. This is popular in healing
ulcers, headaches, diarrhea, fever, and painful urination. It also eliminates
parasitic worms like ascaris because it contains deworming properties.
Tsaang gubat (Carmona retusa)
Tsaang gubat is also known as wild tea or forest tea. It is a shrub or a small tree
reaching a height of five meters. This plant has an anti-spasmodic effect which
treats abdominal pain or diarrhea. It can also serve as a good mouthwash because of its high fluoride
content which prevents tooth decay.
Tsaang gubat is available in capsules, tablets, and tea bags.
Yerba buena (Mentha cordifolia)
Yerba buena or Herba Buena comes from a Spanish word which means “good herb”.
It is an aromatic herb of the mint family reaching up to 20 centimeters high. This
plant has an analgesic effect, which relieves body aches and pains.
Yerba buena is available commercially in analgesic tablets and tea bags.
Ulasimang bato (Peperomia pellucida)
Ulasimang bato is also known as Pansit-pansitan or clear weed or silver bush. It is a
small herb reaching a height of half a meter and can only be found on lightly shaded
and damp areas such as nooks or walls. It is powerful in treating rheumatic pain and
gout.
Akapulko (Cassia alata)
Akapulko or Acapulco is a shrub reaching a height of three meters high. Its leaves are
embraced with eight to 20 oblong-elliptical shaped leaves. It is known as a fungicide
which can be used to treat fungal infections such as ringworms, scabies, and eczema.
Akapulko is commercially available in the form of lotion or ointment.
Bawang (Allium sativum)
Bawang or garlic is a low herb reaching only a height of sixty centimeters high arising
from underground bulb with several tubers. This herb is one of the most commonly
used herbal medicine in the Philippines and can be found in our kitchen as a spice. It is
known to have an antibacterial compound used to treat wounds and have anti-
cholesterol which lowers the cholesterol in the blood.
Bayabas (Psidium guajava)
Bayabas or guava is a tree reaching a height of five meters high and is locally
known for its edible round or oval fruit. Its leaves have antibacterial properties
which are used in treating and disinfecting open wounds.
Sambong (Blumea balsamifera L.)
Sambong is a shrub reaching a height of three meters high. It has an anti-
urolithiasis property which is used to treat kidney disorders. It has also diuretic
properties used to treat mild hypertension by disposing excess water and salt in the
body.
Ampalaya (Momordica charantia L.)
Ampalaya also known as Bitter gourd or Bitter melon is a climbing vine with
tendrils which measures about 20 centimeters long. The fruit of the ampalaya has
a ribbed, wrinkled surface and a bitter taste. Its fruits contain flavonoids and
alkaloids which make the Pancreas produce more insulin that controls the blood
sugar, and is very significant in Diabetes.
Banaba (Lagerstroemia speciosa)
Banaba is a tropical flowery tree which grows as high as 20 meters. It has large
leaves which range from elliptical-ovate to oblong shape. Its leaves contain a
high level of corosilic acid which has an insulin-like effect to lower glucose in
the body and is known as a treatment for Diabetes. It is also known to treat
kidney and bladder problems.
Sabila (Aloe barbadensis miller)
Banaba or Aloe vera is an herb known for its inhibitory, anti-inflammatory,
regenerative, and anti-bacterial functions. It is used commonly to moisturize and
hydrate skin, reduce pain, heal cuts easily, and treat acne, pimples, insect bites,
and minor burns. It is also used to remove parasites, harmful bacteria, and fungi
in the intestinal tracts.
III. Post-test
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. It is an herb which uses leaves decoction to wash wound infections.
a. Akapulko c. Lagundi
b. Bayabas d. Tsaang Gubat
2. It is an herb where the tubers are used to lower cholesterol in the blood.
a. Ampalaya c. Bayabas
b. Bawang d. Niyog-niyogan
3. It is an herb which uses leaves decoction to treat asthma or cough.
a. Akapulko c. Lagundi
b. Bayabas d. Tsaang Gubat
4. It is an herb where seeds are eaten raw to eliminate parasitic worms.
a. Ampalaya c. Bayabas
b. Bawang d. Niyog-niyogan
5. It is an herb which is made as poultice to treat fungal infections.
a. Akapulko c. Lagundi
b. Bayabas d. Tsaang Gubat
6. It is an herb which uses leaves decoction to control blood sugar levels.
a. Ampalaya c. Bayabas
b. Bawang d. Niyog-niyogan
7. It is an herb which uses leaves decoction to relieve body aches or pain.
a. Bawang c. Ulasimang Bato
b. Sambong d. Yerba Buena
8. It is an herb which uses leaves decoction to treat rheumatism and gout.
a. Bawang c. Ulasimang Bato
b. Sambong d. Yerba Buena
9. It is a type of preparation where you grind, crush, or pound plant parts and then, apply on the affected
area.
a. Decoction c. Poultice
b. Infusion d. Tablet
10. It is a type of preparation where you boil plant parts.
a. Decoction c. Poultice
b. Infusion d. Tablet
