1. The Present Simple Tense
1) Formation :-
(s) ـﻀﺎﻑﻼﺤﻅﺔ ﺃﻨﹼﻪ ﻴ ﻤﻊ ﻤ،(ﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ ﻫﻲ ﻨﻔﺱ ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ )ﺍﻟﺘﹼﺼﺭﻴﻑ ﺍﻷﻭل ﻟﻠﻔﻌل ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤü
: ﻤﺜل، ﺃﻭ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﻭﺏ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ،(he , she , it) ﻤﺜل،ﻔﺭﺩﺍﹰ ﻏﺎﺌﺒﺎﹰﻤﻠﺔ ﻤﺇﻟﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔِ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﻋل ﺍﻟﺠ
Ali - Samia - The teacher - The cat
[
1. Ali drinks tea. drink + s = drinks
2. Huda plays football. play + s = plays
3. He eats a cake. eat + s = eats
4. I play basketball play
:( ﻓﺈﻨﹼﻪhe, she, it) ﻤﺜل،ﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﺴﻤﺎﹰ ﻤﻔﺭﺩﺍﹰ ﺃﻭ ﻀﻤﻴﺭﺍﹰ ﻤﻔﺭﺩﺍﹰ ﻏﺎﺌﺒﺎﹰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻌل ﺍﻟﺠ ¯
(es) ﻀﺎﻑ( ﻓﺈﻨﹼﻪ ﻴsh, ch, o, x, ss) -:ﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ ﺒﺄﺤﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻤﺴﺔ ﺍﻵﺘﻴﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤ.1
-: ﻤﺜل،(s) ﺇﻟﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔِ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﺒﺩﻻﹰ ﻤﻥ
wash + es = washes ﻴﻐﺴل watch + es = watches ﺸﺎﻫﺩﻴ
wish + es = wishes ﻴﺘﻤﻨﹼﻰ teach + es = teaches ﺱﺭﺩﻴ
finish + es = finishes ﻨﻬﻲﻴ mix + es = mixes ﻴﺨﻠﻁ
go + es = goes ﻴﺫﻫﺏ fix + es = fixes ﺕﺜﹶﺒﻴ
do + es = does ﻴﻔﻌل pass + es = passes ﺭﺒﻌ ﻴ/ ﺭﻤﻴ
cross + es = crosses ﺭﺒﻌﻴ match + es = matches لﻭﺼﻴ
ـﻀﺎﻑﺤﺫﻑ ﻭﻴﻴ (y) ﺤﺭﻑ ﺍﻟـ( ﻭﻴﺴﺒﻘﻪ ﺤﺭﻑ ﺴﺎﻜﻥ ﻓﺈﻥy) ﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ ﺒﺤﺭﻑ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤ.2
-: ﻤﺜل،( ﺇﻟﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔِ ﺍﻟﻔﻌلies)
try ﻴﺤﺎﻭل tries
cry ﻴﺒﻜﻲ cries
study ﺱﻴﺩﺭ studies
fly ﻴﻁﻴﺭ flies
( s ) ـﻀﺎﻑ ﻓﺈﻨﹼـﻪ ﻴ،( ( ﻭﻴﺴﺒﻘﻪ ﺤﺭﻑ ﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ )ﺤﺭﻑ ﻋﻠﺔy ) ﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ ﺒﺤﺭﻑ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤ.3
-: ( ﻤﺜلy ) ﻟﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔِ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺤﺩﺙ ﺃﻱ ﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺭﻑ ﺍﻟـ
play + s = plays ﻴﻠﻌﺏ obey + s = obeys ﻁﻴﻊﻴ
buy + s = buys ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻱ say + s = says ﻴﻘﻭل
enjoy + s = enjoys ﻴﺴﺘﻤﺘﻊ stay + s = stays ﻴﺒﻘﻰ/ ﻴﻤﻜﹸﺙ
1
( a, e, i , o, u )vowels •
2) Usage:
ﻴﺼﺎﻍ ﻓﻌل ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺘﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ: •
(fact) .1ﻤﺜل-:
1. The earth moves around the sun. ﺘﺘﺤﺭﻙ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺤﻭل ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺱ.
ُ
2. They play football every week. ﻫﻡ ﻴﻠﻌﺒﻭﻥ ﻜﹸﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻡ ﻜﹸل ﺃﺴﺒﻭﻉ.
(habit) .2ﻤﺜل-:
1. Samy goes to school every morning. ﺴﺎﻤﻲ ﻴﺫﻫﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ ﻜل ﺼﺒﺎﺡ.
2. Boys go to school at the age of six. ﻴﺫﻫﺏ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔِ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺴﺔِ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺭِ.
3) Key words
ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺇﺤﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﹼﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻴﺭﺠﺢ ﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﻓﻌل ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ: •
always ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎﹰ never ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻁﻼﻕ /ﺃﺒﺩﺍﹰ
often ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎﹰ generally ﻋﻤﻭﻤﺎﹰ
usually ﻋﺎﺩﺓﹰ frequently ﻤﺭﺍﺭﺍﹰ /ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺍﹰ
sometimes ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨﺎﹰ rarely ﻨﺎﺩﺭﺍﹰ
every…. ﻜل )ﻴﻭﻡ – ﺃﺴﺒﻭﻉ(... ، seldom ﻨﺎﺩﺭﺍﹰ ﻤﺎ
|
.1ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﻟﹼﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ ﺘﺄﺘﻲ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﻤﺎﻋﺩﺍ ) (everyﻓﺘﺄﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔِ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔِ.
.2ﻟﻴﺱ ﺸﺭﻁﺎﹰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﹼﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔِ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﺼﻭﻍ ﻓﻌل ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤـﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒـﺴﻴﻁ ﺇﻻﹼ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺃﻓﺎﺩ ﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ) (factﺃﻭ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ) ،(habitﻓﺈﻨﹼﻪ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺼﺎﻍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل
ﺍﻷﺘﻲ-:
The earth moves around the sun.
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺘﺩﻭﺭ ﺤﻭل ﺍﻟﺸﹼﻤﺱ) .ﺃﻓﺎﺩ ﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔﹰ ،ﻓﺘﻡ ﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ) (moveﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ ﻤﻊ ﺃﻨﹼﻪ ﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺩﺍﻟﹼﺔ.
.3ﺘﻭﻀﻊ ) (toﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨﺎﹰ ﻟﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﻟﻡ ﻴﻭﻀﻊ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ ،ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺤﺫﻓﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل.
4) The Present Simple Tense Negative and Interrogative:-
)ﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل + don't +ﻓﺎﻋل(. .1ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ) ، (sﻟﻠﻨﹼﻔﻲ ﻨﺴﺘﻌﻤل
)?...ﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل +ﻓﺎﻋل .(Do + .2ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ) ،(sﻟﻼﺴﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻨﺴﺘﻌﻤل
)ﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل + doesn't +ﻓﺎﻋل (. .3ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﺒﻪ ) (sﺃﻭ ) (esﻟﻠﻨﹼﻔﻲ ﻨﺴﺘﻌﻤل
)?...ﻤﺼﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل +ﻓﺎﻋل .(Does + .4ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌل ﺒﻪ ) (sﺃﻭ ) (esﻟﻼﺴﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻨﺴﺘﻌﻤل
2
Examples Negative Interrogative
I speak English. I don't speak English. Do you speak English?
1.
.ﺔ ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴﺃﻨﺎ ﺃﺘﻜﻠﹼﻡ .ﺔﺃﻨﺎ ﻻ ﺃﺘﻜﻠﹼ ُﻡ ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴ ﺔ؟ ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴﻫل ﺃﻨﺕ ﺘﺘﻜﻠﹼﻡ
Ali speaks English. Ali doesn't speak English. Does Ali speak English?
2.
.ﺔﻋﻠﻲ ﻴﺘﻜﻠﹼﻡ ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴ .ﺔﻋﻠﻲ ﻴﺘﻜﻠﹼﻡ ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴ ﺔ؟ﻫل ﻋﻠﻲ ﻴﺘﻜﻠﹼﻡ ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴ
Huda washes the car. Huda doesn't wash the car. Does Huda wash the car?
3.
.ﻴﺎﺭﺓﺩﻯ ﺘﻐﺴل ﺍﻟﺴﻫ .ﻴﺎﺭﺓﺩﻯ ﻻ ﺘﻐﺴل ﺍﻟﺴﻫ ﻴﺎﺭﺓ؟ﺩﻯ ﺘﻐﺴل ﺍﻟﺴﻫل ﻫ
Examples ﺃﻤﺜـــﻠﺔ
1. Samy usually stays at home everyday. .ﺴﺎﻤﻲ ﻋﺎﺩﺓﹰ ﻴﺒﻘﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺕ ﻜل ﻴﻭﻡ
2. It often rains in winter. .ﺇﻨﹼﻬﺎ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎﹰ ﺘﹸﻤﻁِ ُﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﹼﺘﺎﺀ
3. Ahmed always watches TV at night. .ﺸﺎﻫﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﹼﻠﻔﺎﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﹼﻴلﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎﹰ ﻴ
4. Always they watch TV at night. .ﺸﺎﻫﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﹼﻠﻔﺎﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﹼﻴلﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎﹰ ﻴ
5. Ameera never visits us. .ﺃﻤﻴﺭﺓ ﻻ ﺘﺯﻭﺭﻨﺎ ﺃﺒﺩﺍﹰ
Exercise No. 6 ﺘﻤﺭﻴـﻥ
I) Choose the correct verbs in the brackets: -:ﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻗﻭﺍﺱﺍﺨﺘﺭ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل ﺍﻟﺼ
1. He sometimes (take – takes – to take) the bus to school.
2. We generally (spoke – speaks – speak) Arabic.
3. He (watch – watches – is watching) the news on TV every evening.
4. I always (meet – meets – meeting) him on the corner of this street.
5. The sun (give – giving – gives – is giving) us light.
6. He usually (drives – drive – is driving) very fast.
II) Correct the verbs between brackets: -:ﺢ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻗﻭﺍﺱﺼﺤ
1. I usually drink tea after breakfast, but my sister (drink) milk.
2. He always (reach) school late.
3. He never (visit) us.
4. He rarely (answer) my letters.
5. Every Friday, he (go) to the river and (catch) fish.
6. Nagla sometimes, (enjoy) watching television.
7. He always (study) Arabic at school.
8. She usually (get) up early.
9. The moon sometimes (shine) at night.
10. He (to visit) his uncle every week.
