Complete English Grammar Rules for SSC Exams
1. Parts of Speech
There are 8 parts of speech:
1. Noun - names a person, place, thing, or idea.
2. Pronoun - replaces a noun (he, she, it).
3. Verb - shows action or state of being.
4. Adjective - describes a noun.
5. Adverb - describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb.
6. Preposition - shows the relationship (in, on, at, by).
7. Conjunction - connects words, phrases (and, but, or).
8. Interjection - shows emotion (Wow!, Oh!).
2. Subject-Verb Agreement
- Singular subjects take singular verbs (He runs).
- Plural subjects take plural verbs (They run).
- "Each", "Everyone", "Either" are singular.
- With "Neither/Nor", verb agrees with the nearest subject.
3. Tense Rules
- Present Simple: I eat.
- Past Simple: I ate.
- Future Simple: I will eat.
- Present Perfect: I have eaten.
- Past Perfect: I had eaten.
- Future Perfect: I will have eaten.
Use correct tense with time expressions like "since", "for", "just", etc.
Complete English Grammar Rules for SSC Exams
4. Noun Rules
- Countable: books, pens.
- Uncountable: milk, information.
- Singular/Plural: man/men, child/children.
- Collective nouns (team, group) usually singular.
5. Pronoun Rules
- Must agree with antecedent in number and gender.
- Avoid ambiguity (e.g., He told his friend that he won... Who is 'he'?).
- Reflexive: myself, yourself.
- Relative: who, whom, whose, which, that.
6. Articles
- 'A' before consonant sounds: a cat, a university.
- 'An' before vowel sounds: an apple, an hour.
- 'The' for specific things: the sun, the Taj Mahal.
7. Adjectives and Adverbs
- Adjectives modify nouns: a beautiful girl.
- Adverbs modify verbs/adjectives: she sings beautifully.
- Many adverbs end in -ly, but not all.
8. Degrees of Comparison
Complete English Grammar Rules for SSC Exams
- Positive: tall
- Comparative: taller
- Superlative: tallest
- Use 'than' after comparative, 'the' before superlative.
9. Prepositions
- Time: at 5 PM, on Monday, in July.
- Place: at the station, in the room, on the table.
- Direction: to, into, onto.
Avoid redundant prepositions: "discuss about" "discuss".
10. Conjunctions
- Coordinating: and, but, or, so.
- Subordinating: because, although, since, if.
- Correlative: either...or, neither...nor.
11. Modals
- Can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would.
- "Must" for necessity, "should" for advice, "can" for ability.
12. Active and Passive Voice
- Active: She wrote a letter.
- Passive: A letter was written by her.
- Use correct form of 'be' + past participle.
Complete English Grammar Rules for SSC Exams
13. Reported Speech
- Direct: He said, "I am tired."
- Indirect: He said that he was tired.
- Change pronouns, tenses, and time expressions accordingly.
14. Conditionals
- Zero: If you heat ice, it melts.
- First: If it rains, I will stay.
- Second: If I were rich, I would travel.
- Third: If I had studied, I would have passed.
15. Question Tags
- Positive statement negative tag: He is smart, isn't he?
- Negative statement positive tag: She isn't late, is she?
16. Error Spotting Tips
- Check subject-verb agreement, tense usage, article errors, wrong prepositions, incorrect modifiers,
parallelism, etc.
17. Confusing Words
- Advice (noun) vs Advise (verb)
- Affect (verb) vs Effect (noun)
- Say vs Tell, Fewer vs Less, Who vs Whom
