UNIT 3: Planet Earth Language objectives for the unit
VOCABULARY:
Fundraising (verbo–sustantivo):
achieve a goal – alcanzar un objetivo
donate money – donar dinero
find sponsors – encontrar patrocinadores
give your time – dar tu tiempo
hold an event – organizar un evento
launch a campaign – lanzar una campaña
make a difference – marcar la diferencia
promote a cause – promover una causa
raise funds – recaudar fondos
reach a target – alcanzar una meta
save the planet – salvar el planeta
sign a petition – firmar una petición
Nature and the environment:
absorb – absorber
carbon footprint – huella de carbono
climate change – cambio climático
damage – daño
green – ecológico / verde
greenhouse gas – gas de efecto invernadero
habitat – hábitat
loss – pérdida
reduce – reducir
species – especie
suffer – sufrir
support – apoyar
sustainable – sostenible
threaten – amenazar
Verbs related to change:
ensure – asegurar
establish – establecer
inspire – inspirar
recreate – recrear
transform – transformar
GRAMMAR: TENSES
1. Will
Use and Details:
Spontaneous decisions: When you decide to do something at the
moment of speaking.
Example:
o I’m thirsty. - I will get you some water.
Predictions without evidence: When you predict something based on
opinion, belief, or guess, not on current evidence.
Example:
o I think it will snow tomorrow.
Offers, promises, and requests: When you offer help, make
promises, or ask politely.
Examples:
o I will help you with your homework.
o Will you marry me?
Structure:
Subject + will + base verb
Example:
She will arrive soon.
2. Be going to
Use and Details:
Plans or intentions: When you have already decided to do something
before speaking.
Example:
o I’m going to start a new job next month.
Predictions based on present evidence: When you see signs or
evidence that something is about to happen.
Example:
o Look at those dark clouds! It’s going to rain.
Often used to express a strong intention or certainty.
Structure:
Subject + am/is/are + going to + base verb
Example:
They are going to move to a new house.
3. Present Simple for Future
Use and Details:
Scheduled or timetabled events: Used for events that are part of a
fixed schedule, like public transport, classes, or official programs.
It’s often used for things that are not controlled by the speaker but are
planned or arranged by others.
Examples:
o The train leaves at 9:00 am.
o The conference starts next Monday.
Often used in formal or official contexts.
Structure:
Subject + base verb (3rd person singular adds -s/es)
Example:
My flight departs at 7 pm.
4. Present Continuous for Future
Use and Details:
Personal plans or arrangements: When you have already arranged
or planned something with others, or you have a fixed plan.
It often implies that the plan is confirmed or definite.
Examples:
o I am meeting Sarah after work.
o We are having a party on Saturday.
Can also be used to talk about near future events.
Structure:
Subject + am/is/are + verb-ing
Example:
He is flying to New York tomorrow.
5. Future Continuous
Use and Details:
Action in progress at a specific time in the future: To describe
what will be happening at a particular moment or during a period in the
future. This emphasizes the ongoing nature of the action.
Example:
o At 8 pm tonight, I will be watching the game.
Polite inquiries about plans or intentions: Used to ask about what
someone will be doing, often to avoid direct questions.
Example:
o Will you be joining us for dinner?
To describe parallel actions in the future: When two or more
actions happen simultaneously in the future.
Example:
o While you are studying, I will be working.
Structure:
Subject + will be + verb-ing
Example:
She will be traveling all day tomorrow.
Summary Table
Tense Use Example
Spontaneous decisions, promises,
Will I will help you. / It will rain.
predictions without evidence
Planned intentions, predictions with I’m going to visit her. / It’s
Be going to
evidence going to snow.
Present
Scheduled events, timetables The train leaves at 6 pm.
Simple
Present I am meeting John
Personal plans and arrangements
Continuous tomorrow.
At 5 pm, I will be
Future Action in progress at future time,
working. / Will you be
Continuous polite questions
coming?
