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Computer Science Detailed Notes

This document provides detailed notes on computer science topics, including definitions, hardware components, software types, operating systems, computer networks, the internet, databases, programming fundamentals, and emerging technologies. It also includes multiple-choice questions and exam tips to aid in studying. The content is structured to cover essential concepts for CSS/PPSC/FPSC examinations.

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Rizwan ali
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521 views3 pages

Computer Science Detailed Notes

This document provides detailed notes on computer science topics, including definitions, hardware components, software types, operating systems, computer networks, the internet, databases, programming fundamentals, and emerging technologies. It also includes multiple-choice questions and exam tips to aid in studying. The content is structured to cover essential concepts for CSS/PPSC/FPSC examinations.

Uploaded by

Rizwan ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

COMPUTER SCIENCE - DETAILED NOTES FOR CSS/PPSC/FPSC

1. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS:

- Definition: An electronic device for data processing.

- Components: Hardware and Software.

- Types: Supercomputer, Mainframe, Minicomputer, Microcomputer (PC), Laptop.

2. COMPUTER HARDWARE:

- Input Devices: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner.

- Output Devices: Monitor, Printer, Speakers.

- Storage Devices: HDD, SSD, USB, CD/DVD.

- Central Processing Unit (CPU): ALU, Control Unit, Registers.

- Memory: RAM (volatile), ROM (non-volatile), Cache.

3. SOFTWARE:

- System Software: Operating Systems (Windows, Linux, macOS).

- Application Software: MS Office, Browsers, Media Players.

- Programming Languages: C, C++, Java, Python.

- Open Source vs Proprietary Software.

4. OPERATING SYSTEM:

- Functions: Resource management, file handling, security.

- Types: Single-user, Multi-user, Real-time, Embedded.

5. COMPUTER NETWORKS:
- LAN, WAN, MAN.

- Internet vs Intranet.

- Topologies: Star, Bus, Ring, Mesh.

- Protocols: TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP.

- Network Devices: Router, Switch, Modem, Hub.

6. INTERNET & WEB:

- World Wide Web (WWW): Websites, web pages, URL.

- Browsers: Chrome, Firefox, Safari.

- Search Engines: Google, Bing, Yahoo.

- Email Protocols: SMTP, POP3, IMAP.

- Cybersecurity: Viruses, Firewalls, Encryption.

7. DATABASES:

- DBMS: MySQL, Oracle, MS Access.

- Tables, Records, Fields.

- SQL Basics: SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE.

- Data Types and Relationships.

8. PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTALS:

- Variables, Loops, Functions, Arrays.

- Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Classes, Objects, Inheritance, Polymorphism.

9. EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES:

- Artificial Intelligence (AI)

- Machine Learning (ML)


- Internet of Things (IoT)

- Cloud Computing

- Blockchain

- Big Data

10. MCQ EXAMPLES:

Q: What does CPU stand for?

A: Central Processing Unit

Q: Which is not an input device?

A: Monitor

Q: What does HTML stand for?

A: HyperText Markup Language

Q: What is the main protocol of the internet?

A: TCP/IP

11. EXAM TIPS:

- Focus on basic terminologies and concepts.

- Practice simple programming logic questions.

- Stay updated with recent tech trends.

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