Language Feature

10. Menggunakan istilah-istilah teknis atau rantai

kata tentang subjek.

Explanation Text
Explanation text memiliki language feature, yaitu:
Earthquake
1. Menggunakan present tense, karena explanation
The earthquake is the tremor or shocks occurring in the
text membahas sebuah fakta.
earth as a result of a sudden release of energy that creates
2. Menggunakan kelompok kata benda yang
a seismic wave. Earthquake is usually caused by the
kompleks, hal ini bertujuan untuk membangun
movement of the earth crust. The frequency is an area
deskripsi yang rinci misalnya, ‘Threatening’,
based on the type and size of an earthquake which naturally
‘Rampaging’ atau ‘Enormous’ dan masih banyak
occurs during a period of time. The quake is measured by
lagi.
means of a seismograph.
3. Menggunakan kata benda abstrak seperti ‘heat’,
‘earthquakes’, ‘floods’, dan lain-lain. The process how earthquake occurs can be seen from the
4. Menggunakan kalimat yang subjeknya jelas dan main cause of the earthquake. There were three kinds of
menggunakan kata kerja agreement. earthquakes and it can be distinguished from the point of
5. Menggunakan action verbs untuk menjelaskan view of the occurrence.
penyebab dari fenomena yang dibahas seperti
‘from’ atau ‘started from’. First is volcanic earthquake. Like its name, the volcanic
6. Menggunakan adverbial phrase dari sebuah waktu earthquake is an event of an earthquake which occurs due
dan tempat untuk memberi tahu kapan dan di to a volcanic eruption. This earthquake can occur before and
mana kejadian tersebut berlangsung. Misalnya. ‘Its while the presence of volcanic eruptions and the seismic
is to be found in Sulawesi, Indonesia’. vibration is very felt by humans and animals around the
7. Menggunakan penghubung untuk menghubungkan located volcano. According to the research, volcanic
urutan waktu dalam urutan sebab akibat. Misalnya earthquake occurs just 7% of all earthquakes that have
‘after’, ‘finally’, ‘so’, ‘then’ dan lain-lain. occurred in the surface of the Earth. The examples of
8. Menggunakan passive voice yang berguna untuk volcanic earthquakes are earthquake on Mount Merapi in
menekankan fokus kejadian yang berlangsung. Central Java, earthquake on Mount Una-Una Tomini in
9. Menggunakan konjungsi waktu, misalnya, ‘when’, Central Sulawesi, and earthquake on Mount Pericutin.
‘as’. Konjungsi waktu ini untuk mengurutkan dan
menghubungkan peristiwa sehingga teks yang [sc:kodeadsense]
ditulis lebih mengalir. Konjungsi waktu ini bisa
ditempatkan lebih dahulu pada sebuah kalimat Second is tectonic earthquake. As we know that the skin of
untuk memusatkan perhatian pembaca. the earth consists of the layers of rocks. Each layer has the
hardness and different density one to another. The layers of
the skin of the earth consists tectonic plates that shift each
other as a result of the flow of convection that occurs in the
earth. Day by day, this shift gives rise to the collection of
stress energy that at any time can be released. The shift of
plate consists of three types, horizontal shifts that are
resulted horizontal fault, puncture shifts that is one of the
infiltrating plate into other plates, thus it creates the valley
or hollows of the earth and a shift in the collision between
plates that will create a mountain or new hill. The release of
energy in this shifting the slab is called tectonic earthquake.

Third is falling-out earthquake. As we know that the earth is

one of the planets in the solar system. Every day the earth
receives lacing meteor or other sky objects. But, when it
receives a meteor or other big sky objects, the earth will
shake. Shaking of the earth surface is caused by the fall of a
sky object that is called fallout earthquake.

From those types of earthquakes, fallout earthquake rarely

occurs on the earth, so experts often neglect to include it
into the type of earthquake in many reviews. On the
contrary, a tectonic earthquake often occurs and it is the
most dangerous. Tectonic earthquake has great vibration
and it is the most devastating. The seismic vibration makes
the surface layer of the earth crushed. As a result, the
surface of the ground is split; a highway on the house and
bridges and other physical building are broken and crushed,
even it can cause the victims of physical things and human.
Landslide
By RanggaPosted on June 13, 2021
[Link] – Landslides happen when dirt, rock, or
mud suddenly fails or slides down a slope. Mudslides are the
most common type of landslides. Thousands of landslides
happen around the world every year. Many landslides occur
in mountain areas when no people live. These landslides
often go unnoticed. But a landslide that hits a town or city
can cause deaths and millions of dollars in damage.

The ground is made of several layers. The surface layer is

soil and rock. Trees and plants that grow in these layers
below the surface are made of clay, limestone, sandstone,
or other rock and soil types. The bottom layer is usually
solid rock. In some coastal areas, the bottom layer is made
up of soil and other loose material called ‘fill’. Layers of the
ground usually hold together well, but sometimes, the
surface layer becomes unstable. If an unstable surface layer
rests on a slope, gravity may pull it down and begin a
landslide.

Many landslides happen during heavy rain. Water soaks the

surface layer. The soil turns to mud. Mud is heavier and
more slippery than dry soil. On a steep slope, mud may flow
down to begin a mudslide.

All of the material carried down a slope during a landslide is

called debris. Mud and rocks are the main types of debris.
Other landslide debris can include trees that have been torn
out of the ground, crushed buildings, and even cars. Debris
can travel at speeds of more than 130 miles (210
kilometers) per hour on steep slopes. At speeds, landslides
can crush buildings and bury entire towns in seconds.
Tsunami A tornado is a violent storm. It has strong winds that whirl
around in a funnel shape. It can sound like a freight train or
General Statement a jet. Rain, hail, high winds, and lightning often come with a
tornado. It is hard to predict when tornado will strike.
Luckily, a tornado only lasts about ten
We all know that tsunamis are a series of destructive waves minutes. Twisters and whirlwinds are other names for
and powerful. Tsunami is the deadliest wave because the tornadoes.
wave speed is incredibly fast. But do you know how a Tornadoes can start when a mass of warm air hits a mass of
tsunami can happens? cold air. A huge thundercloud forms and rain pours down.
Warm, moist air from the ground rises up towards the cloud.
Tsunami originated from Japan, “tsu” meaning harbour and Cold, dry air mixes with this warmer air. This creates a
“nami” meaning wave. They are normally caused by churning wind.
landslides, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions in, or close to an
ocean. After some sort of underwater disturbance, this
Next, an updraft is formed when more warm air rushes in.
causes energy to rise up to sea level pushing the water high
This updraft sucks air away from the ground. It also makes
into the air. Gravity kicks in and pulls it down again and then
the wind flip into a vertical funnel. This funnel stretches
consequently causing the water to filter out into many
down and scoots along the ground. As the swirling winds
different directions.
pick up dirt from the ground, the funnel grows darker.

When a tsunami begins to approach the shore the energy in

The twisting wind of a tornado causes serious damage. A
the wave is compressed. As a result, the water is pushed up
tornado’s funnel is like a giant vacuum cleaner. It sucks up
into the wave, resulting in a powerful tsunami. If the trough
anything on the ground it touches. Tornadoes can lift
hits the shoreline first, it then causes the tide to drastically
vehicles, cut power lines, and tear off roofs. They can ruin
retreat.
crops and other vegetation. Even the weakest tornadoes
have severe effects. They can destroy chimneys, roof
So, tsunamis happen because of natural disasters such as shingles, satellite dishes, and tree branches. The worst
earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. People who live near the tornadoes can flatten trees and crush metal buildings. Flying
shoreline have to be careful because they are threatened by debris also causes much damage. People can be hurt or
tsunamis whenever there is an earthquake. killed by a tornado strike.

Tornado
The flood Floods on a large scale would cause harm and damage to
the population. If the water is overflowing the sources come
During this time the water has always been something from waste water, the flood will cause disease such
very useful and needed for the whole human race, as itching, diarrheal and so on.
given how people living in dry areas without clean water can There is also a flood that occurs because the
only bewail their fate cross-legged in the absence of clean leaking dike retaining water, when the embankment is no
water, they can only hope the existence of Government longer able to hold the mass of the water that continues to
assistance who willingly share clean water to them, or which grow.
make great gift of rain for them. Even in a So, who exactly is to
region where people drink from the urine of blame? Most communities often blame the
cows. Really sad. Government over the occurrence of floods that hit their
But it is another story if the water came up with the amount area. Blaming the Government for not providing adequate
of the excess that will cause impact damage and harm facilities to prevent flooding. However, try to re-think.
to the surrounding community. In Indonesia or rather of
Jakarta City, flooding is a problem that often hit the If the community itself does not create a stack
people. Where every time a flood hit, then it garbage in water sources such as rivers, ditches, even the
will impact the troubled society. Today, most of the sea, flood as happening in Jakarta would not have
flood that hit happened. If the community does not conduct illegal
the community is troublesome and floods resulting from logging of the rainforests of Borneo will be complete
the seeds of the troubles that have grown the with coal mining his unbridled, Borneo rain forest will not
community itself. be turned into an artificial lake as of now.
The flooding comes from excess middens in the gutter,
mining that continues to erode the soil layer to the surface
of the ground, causing a decrease in illegal logging that
continues to eat away at the jungle. It is all the
seeds the man planting a long time ago and
finally harvested by the younger generation.
The process of flooding yourself occurs when the rainy
season comes and caused water sources such as rivers,
seas, lakes, and ditches no longer hold water
that down. Bare soil without overgrown trees will speed up
the process of the frequent air times,
since trees should absorb the water to be used
as ingredients of photosynthesis has gone and made a cut
down material furniture. When water no longer can hold, the
Rainbow
water will overflow and drain into the settlement, causing an
impact that is not arguably a bit.
Rainbow is a natural phenomenon in the form of arc many areas of the world. This brings many victims and
spectrum in the sky caused by the refraction of light. material damages.
Rainbow appears after the rains. The colours are red,
orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. There are several types of earthquakes including tectonic
and volcanic earthquake. The tectonic earthquake is the
Rainbow is in the form like an arc. However, it actually has a common one and it happens because of the movement of
circle shape. The half of the circle can be seen when we see the crust, meanwhile volcanic earthquake happens as the
from the higher places such as a mountain or when we are effect of volcanic activity.
on a plane.
Earthquake happens as the layers below the surface of
The colours are formed as the effect of the refraction and earth are active. The basic layers are a solid crust, a hot,
reflection of the sunlight. After raining, the sunlight, which is nearly solid mantle, a liquid outer core and a solid inner
the white light, touches the raindrops and it is reflected. The core. The crust and mantle form a lithosphere. It is made up
light will be separated in different degrees and produces of tectonic plates. The plates are constantly moving and it
different wavelengths. makes stresses on the crust.

These wavelengths are accepted by our eyes in the form of When the stresses are too big, it causes a fault. The
different colours or spectrum, and we call it as a rainbow. As movement happens on the fault as the tectonic plates are
its position is opposite the sun, we need to turn our backs to moving. When there is a sudden movement of the crust in
the sun to see it. the fault line, then the earthquake happens.

The epicentre is the point or the centre of an earthquake.

However, the shaking can be felt miles away from the
centre.

Earthquake

Earthquake is one of the natural disasters which is the

shaking of the earth’s surface. This disaster happens in