Assignment: Comprehensive Note on the Evolution of Programming
Languages
Submission Deadline: 17/06/25
Subject: Theory of Programming languages
Objective
To understand how programming languages have evolved over time, from early machine-
level code to modern high-level languages, and to recognize the influence of hardware,
paradigms, and application needs on language design.
Instructions
Write a comprehensive handwritten note on the evolution of programming languages.
Your work must be:
- Neatly written on paper
- Minimum 6–8 pages (depending on handwriting size)
- Submitted in class on or before the deadline
Your note must include the following sections:
1. Introduction
- What are programming languages?
- Why are they needed?
2. Early Programming (1940s–1950s)
- Machine language and assembly
- Limitations and challenges
3. High-Level Languages Begin (1950s–1970s)
- FORTRAN, COBOL, LISP
- Their purposes and contributions
4. Structured Programming Era (1970s–1980s)
- C, Pascal, ALGOL
- Introduction of structured design
5. Object-Oriented Programming (1980s–1990s)
- Concepts of OOP
- C++, Smalltalk, Java
6. Scripting and Web Languages (1990s–2000s)
- JavaScript, PHP, Python
- Rise of the internet
7. Modern and Functional Languages (2000s–present)
- C#, Swift, Kotlin, Rust, Go
- Functional programming: Haskell, Scala
- Trends in language design (e.g., safety, concurrency, expressiveness)
8. Influence of Paradigms
- Procedural, object-oriented, functional, logical
- Examples of languages for each paradigm
9. Conclusion
- Summary of the evolution
- How it reflects changing needs and technologies
Bonus (Optional):
Include a hand-drawn timeline or table showing the release years of key languages and
their paradigms.
Evaluation Criteria:
Criterion Marks
Content coverage & accuracy 10
Organization & clarity 5
Originality 5
Neatness & presentation 5
Total Marks: 25