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Detailed Math Computations

The document details the mass and energy balance computations for a water treatment plant producing 122,853 m³ of potable water monthly, accounting for a 10% treatment loss. It calculates the total raw water intake as 136,503 m³/month and verifies the mass balance with sludge and evaporation losses. The total energy requirement for treatment is 248,435.5 kWh/month, with potential reductions through solar energy integration and efficiency improvements.

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mikko.monares
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28 views3 pages

Detailed Math Computations

The document details the mass and energy balance computations for a water treatment plant producing 122,853 m³ of potable water monthly, accounting for a 10% treatment loss. It calculates the total raw water intake as 136,503 m³/month and verifies the mass balance with sludge and evaporation losses. The total energy requirement for treatment is 248,435.5 kWh/month, with potential reductions through solar energy integration and efficiency improvements.

Uploaded by

mikko.monares
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

DETAILED MATHEMATICAL COMPUTATIONS FOR ENERGY AND MASS

BALANCES

1. Mass Balance Computations


The mass balance for the water treatment plant is calculated based on the required potable
water production of 122,853 m³ per month while considering treatment losses.

1.1 Raw Water Intake Calculation


Given:
- Treated water output (Q_out) = 122,853 m³/month
- Estimated treatment losses = 10%

The total raw water intake (Q_in) required is calculated as:

Q_in = Q_out / (1 - Loss fraction)

Substituting the given values:

Q_in = 122,853 / (1 - 0.10) = 122,853 / 0.90 = 136,503 m³/month

1.2 Mass Losses in Treatment Stages


Sludge and Impurities Removed:
Q_sludge = 0.10 * Q_in = 0.10 * 136,503 = 13,650 m³/month

Evaporation and Process Losses:


Q_evap = 0.005 * Q_in = 0.005 * 136,503 = 682.5 m³/month

Total mass balance verification:

Q_in = Q_out + Q_sludge + Q_evap

136,503 = 122,853 + 13,650 + 682.5

Thus, the mass balance is validated.

2. Energy Balance Computations


The total energy requirement for water treatment is calculated by summing the energy
consumed at each treatment stage.

2.1 Energy Consumption per Treatment Stage


Energy required for each stage is given by:
E = P * Q_in

where:
- E = Energy consumption (kWh/month)
- P = Power consumption per cubic meter (kWh/m³)
- Q_in = Total raw water intake (m³/month) = 136,503 m³

Treatment Stage Power Consumption Energy Consumption


(kWh/m³) (kWh/month)

Groundwater Pumping 0.40 54,601.2

Preliminary Filtration 0.10 13,650.3

Coagulation & 0.15 20,475.4


Sedimentation

Filtration (Sand & Carbon) 0.20 27,300.6

Disinfection (UV & 0.12 16,380.4


Chlorination)

Reverse Osmosis 0.60 81,901.8

Storage & Distribution 0.25 34,125.8

Total Energy Demand 1.82 248,435.5

2.2 Energy Optimization Potential


If solar power replaces 50% of the grid energy:

E_solar = 0.50 * 248,435.5 = 124,217.75 kWh/month

If efficiency improvements reduce energy consumption by 10%:


E_optimized = 248,435.5 * (1 - 0.10) = 223,591.95 kWh/month

Thus, the energy balance computations confirm that 248,435.5 kWh/month is required
under standard operation, with potential for reduction through solar integration and
process optimizations.

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