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Lecture Slides
Chapter 7
Shafts and Shaft
Components
The McGraw-Hill Companies © 2012
2
Chapter Outline
Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
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Common Shaft Types
Figures from
A.C.Ugural
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Mechanical Design -
An Integrated Approach
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V-kasnak
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dişli kasnak
Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
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Shaft Layout
Issues to consider:
◦ Axial layout of
components
◦ Supporting axial
loads
◦ Providing for torque
transmission
◦ Assembly and
Disassembly
Fig. 7-1
Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
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Axial Layout of Components
It is best to support load-carrying components between bearings (see Fig.a,b),
rather than cantilevered outboard of the bearings (see Fig.c,d).
Only two bearings are used for the most cases (except for very long shafts).
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Shaft Design for Stress
Stresses are only evaluated at critical locations
Critical locations are usually
◦ On the outer surface
◦ Where the bending moment is large
◦ Where the torque is present
◦ Where stress concentrations exist
Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
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Shaft Stresses
Standard stress equations can be customized for shafts for
convenience
Axial loads are generally small and constant, so will be ignored
in this section
Standard alternating and midrange stresses
Customized for round shafts
Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
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Shaft Stresses
Combine stresses into von Mises stresses
Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
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Shaft Stresses
Substitute von Mises stresses into failure criteria equation. For
example, using modified Goodman line,
Solving for d is convenient for design purposes
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Shaft Stresses
Similar approach can be taken with any of the fatigue failure
criteria
Equations are referred to by referencing both the Distortion
Energy method of combining stresses and the fatigue failure
locus name. For example, DE-Goodman, DE-Gerber, etc.
DE-Gerber:
where
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Shaft Stresses for Rotating Shaft
For rotating shaft with steady bending and torsion
◦ Bending stress is completely reversed, since a stress element
on the surface cycles from equal tension to compression
during each rotation
◦ Torsional stress is steady
◦ Previous equations simplify with Mm and Ta equal to 0
Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
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Checking for Yielding in Shafts
Always necessary to consider static failure, even in fatigue
situation
Use von Mises maximum stress to check for yielding,
Alternate simple check is to obtain conservative estimate of s'max
by summing s'a and s'm
≐ s a s m
s max
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Example 7-1
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Continued..
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Determine Kt and Kts from figures
D/d=1.50
r/d=01.0
Kts=1.42
Kt=1.68
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Determine q and qs from figures
r=0.11 in
Sut=105 ksi
Fig 6.20
q=0.85
Fig 6.21
qs=0.88
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Additional Example (from Ugural’s book)
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Continued..
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Continued..
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Continued..
Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
