Worksheets Name

EXPLANATION TEXT Class

Total questions: 10
Worksheet time: 34mins Date

1. The following text is for questions 1 to 4

Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up new cells and
replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be changed into substances that
can be carried in the blood to the places where they are needed. This process is called digestion.
The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces
by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contains
digestive juice which moisten the food, so it can be swallowed easily.
From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the stomach. Here, the
food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach for several hours. Then the food
enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and
moving the food onwards.
In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi (microscopic
branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the bloodstream.The following text is for
questions 1 to 4
Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up new cells and
replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be changed into substances that
can be carried in the blood to the places where they are needed. This process is called digestion.
The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces
by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contains
digestive juice which moisten the food, so it can be swallowed easily.
From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the stomach. Here, the
food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach for several hours. Then the food
enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and
moving the food onwards.
In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi (microscopic
branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the bloodstream.

What is the text about?

a) The digestive juice b) The digestive system

c) The method of the digestive system d) The food substances

e) The process of intestine work

2. Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up new cells and
replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be changed into substances that
can be carried in the blood to the places where they are needed. This process is called digestion.
The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces
by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contains
digestive juice which moisten the food, so it can be swallowed easily.
From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the stomach. Here, the
food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach for several hours. Then the food
enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and
moving the food onwards.
In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi (microscopic
branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the bloodstream.

How can we swallow the food easily?

a) The food is directly swallowed through b) The food changes into acids absorbed by the
esophagus into the stomach. villi.

c) The food is mixed with the juices secreted by d) The food must be digested first through the
the cells in the stomach. process.

e) The food we take must be changed into

substances carried in the blood to the places.

3. Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up new cells and
replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be changed into substances that
can be carried in the blood to the places where they are needed. This process is called digestion.
The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces
by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contains
digestive juice which moisten the food, so it can be swallowed easily.
From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the stomach. Here, the
food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach for several hours. Then the food
enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and
moving the food onwards.

From the text above, we imply that ….

a) A good process of digestive system will help b) No one concerned with the process of
our body becoming healthier. digestive system for their health.

c) Everybody must conduct the processes of d) The digestive system is needed if we are
digestive system well. eating the food instantly.

e) The better we digest the food we eat, the

healthier we will be.
4. Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up new cells and
replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be changed into substances that
can be carried in the blood to the places where they are needed. This process is called digestion.
The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces
by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contains
digestive juice which moisten the food, so it can be swallowed easily.
From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the stomach. Here, the
food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach for several hours. Then the food
enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and
moving the food onwards.
In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi (microscopic
branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the bloodstream.

“Human body is made up of countless millions of cells.” (Paragraph 1)

The underlined phrase means ….

a) Arranged b) Constructed

c) Produced d) Managed

e) Completed
5. Biodiesel is a clean burning substitute for petroleum based diesel fuel. Biodiesel is made of
vegetable oil.
To make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with raw materials. The raw materials needed
in the production of Biodiesel are a small amount of methanol and a ready supply of vegetable
product. One of the most common vegetables used in the production of Biodiesel is corn, although
depending on the geographic location of the manufacturing facility many other plants are used as
well (rapeseed, soybeans, flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use the raw vegetable product to make
vegetable oil. Vegetable oil by itself will not be what you need to power a car, from here it has to be
processed into Biodiesel.
The process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is sometimes called ester interchange. To
complete this process the vegetable oil has to be combined with a smaller amount of methanol and
then put in the presence of a small quantity of an alkaline catalyst (for example, 5% to 1% sodium
hydroxide). Vegetable oil is made up of so-called triglycerides, which is a compound of the trivalent
alcohol glycerin with three fatty acids. The goal of ester interchange is to separate the glycerin
molecule from the three fatty acids and replace it with three methanol molecules. This process then
yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and 10% of a glycerin byproduct. The glycerin byproduct can be used
in a number of other chemical processes for different industries.

What is the text about?

a) The benefit of producing the Biodiesel. b) The development of the Biodiesel product.

c) The process of making Biodiesel. d) The advantage of using the Biodiesel.

e) The use of the Biodiesel.

6. Biodiesel is a clean burning substitute for petroleum based diesel fuel. Biodiesel is made of
vegetable oil.
To make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with raw materials. The raw materials needed
in the production of Biodiesel are a small amount of methanol and a ready supply of vegetable
product. One of the most common vegetables used in the production of Biodiesel is corn, although
depending on the geographic location of the manufacturing facility many other plants are used as
well (rapeseed, soybeans, flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use the raw vegetable product to make
vegetable oil. Vegetable oil by itself will not be what you need to power a car, from here it has to be
processed into Biodiesel.
The process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is sometimes called ester interchange. To
complete this process the vegetable oil has to be combined with a smaller amount of methanol and
then put in the presence of a small quantity of an alkaline catalyst (for example, 5% to 1% sodium
hydroxide). Vegetable oil is made up of so-called triglycerides, which is a compound of the trivalent
alcohol glycerin with three fatty acids. The goal of ester interchange is to separate the glycerin
molecule from the three fatty acids and replace it with three methanol molecules. This process then
yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and 10% of a glycerin byproduct. The glycerin byproduct can be used
in a number of other chemical processes for different industries.

What are interchanged in the process of ester interchange?

a) The three fatty acids with the glycerin b) Methanol and alkaline catalyst.
molecules.

c) Methanol with the three fatty acids. d) The glycerin molecule with three methanol
molecules.

e) Vegetable oil with methanol

7. Biodiesel is a clean burning substitute for petroleum based diesel fuel. Biodiesel is made of
vegetable oil.
To make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with raw materials. The raw materials needed
in the production of Biodiesel are a small amount of methanol and a ready supply of vegetable
product. One of the most common vegetables used in the production of Biodiesel is corn, although
depending on the geographic location of the manufacturing facility many other plants are used as
well (rapeseed, soybeans, flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use the raw vegetable product to make
vegetable oil. Vegetable oil by itself will not be what you need to power a car, from here it has to be
processed into Biodiesel.
The process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is sometimes called ester interchange. To
complete this process the vegetable oil has to be combined with a smaller amount of methanol and
then put in the presence of a small quantity of an alkaline catalyst (for example, 5% to 1% sodium
hydroxide). Vegetable oil is made up of so-called triglycerides, which is a compound of the trivalent
alcohol glycerin with three fatty acids. The goal of ester interchange is to separate the glycerin
molecule from the three fatty acids and replace it with three methanol molecules. This process then
yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and 10% of a glycerin byproduct. The glycerin byproduct can be used
in a number of other chemical processes for different industries.

According to the text, one of the advantages in using biodiesel is…

a) It can be done in small industry. b) It only uses vegetable oil.

c) It is cheap. d) It gives less pollution than petroleum.

e) It uses replaceable materials.

8. Biodiesel is a clean burning substitute for petroleum based diesel fuel. Biodiesel is made of
vegetable oil.
To make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with raw materials. The raw materials needed
in the production of Biodiesel are a small amount of methanol and a ready supply of vegetable
product. One of the most common vegetables used in the production of Biodiesel is corn, although
depending on the geographic location of the manufacturing facility many other plants are used as
well (rapeseed, soybeans, flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use the raw vegetable product to make
vegetable oil. Vegetable oil by itself will not be what you need to power a car, from here it has to be
processed into Biodiesel.
The process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is sometimes called ester interchange. To
complete this process the vegetable oil has to be combined with a smaller amount of methanol and
then put in the presence of a small quantity of an alkaline catalyst (for example, 5% to 1% sodium
hydroxide). Vegetable oil is made up of so-called triglycerides, which is a compound of the trivalent
alcohol glycerin with three fatty acids. The goal of ester interchange is to separate the glycerin
molecule from the three fatty acids and replace it with three methanol molecules. This process then
yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and 10% of a glycerin byproduct. The glycerin byproduct can be used
in a number of other chemical processes for different industries.

“The process for converting vegetable oil…”(Paragraph 3)

The underline word is closest in meaning to…

a) Producing b) Processing

c) Changing d) Separating

e) Attaching
9. The nose, trachea and lungs are the main organs which make up the respiratory system. This
system allows the exchange of gases which are needed for us to live.
Breathing happens when the brain sends a message through the nerves to the intercostal muscles
which lie between the ribs and diaphragm. When the instruction is received, the muscles pull the ribs
outwards and the diaphragm relaxes so that the space in the chest gets bigger. Because the
pressure in the chest gets lower, air rushes in to fill the lungs.
This air is first taken in through the nose or mouth. It then travels into the throat (the pharynx) and on
through the voice box (the larynx). The opening to the voice box has a cover over it called the
epiglottis.
This cover opens when a breath is taken. In this way, the air is able to flow down the trachea but
food is kept out.
After passing down the trachea the air travels into the lung down either the right or left bronchus,
through the bronchioles and at last into tiny air sacs called alveoli. These are covered with small
blood vessels called capillaries. From here, oxygen is finally taken into the blood stream and carbon
dioxide is passed back to the lungs.
The intercostal muscles then push the rib cage back inwards. As a result, the space in the chest gets
smaller and the pressure rises, thus pushing the carbon dioxide back out of the lungs.
And it all happens in the space of a single breath!

What organ makes up the human respiratory system?

a) Mouth b) Liver

c) Stomach d) Trachea

e) Pancreas
10. The nose, trachea and lungs are the main organs which make up the respiratory system. This
system allows the exchange of gases which are needed for us to live.
Breathing happens when the brain sends a message through the nerves to the intercostal muscles
which lie between the ribs and diaphragm. When the instruction is received, the muscles pull the
ribs outwards and the diaphragm relaxes so that the space in the chest gets bigger. Because the
pressure in the chest gets lower, air rushes in to fill the lungs.
This air is first taken in through the nose or mouth. It then travels into the throat (the pharynx) and
on through the voice box (the larynx). The opening to the voice box has a cover over it called the
epiglottis.
This cover opens when a breath is taken. In this way, the air is able to flow down the trachea but
food is kept out.
After passing down the trachea the air travels into the lung down either the right or left bronchus,
through the bronchioles and at last into tiny air sacs called alveoli. These are covered with small
blood vessels called capillaries. From here, oxygen is finally taken into the blood stream and
carbon dioxide is passed back to the lungs.
The intercostal muscles then push the rib cage back inwards. As a result, the space in the chest
gets smaller and the pressure rises, thus pushing the carbon dioxide back out of the lungs.
And it all happens in the space of a single breath!

The following statements are true EXCEPT ...

a) The intercostal muscles then push the rib b) The nose, trachea and lungs are the main
cage back inwards. organs which make up the respiratory
system.

c) The intercostal muscles push the rib cage d) Breathing happens when the brain receives a
back inwards. message through the nerves to the
intercostal muscles.

e) Epiglottis is opened when a breath is taken.