CHAPTER 1 Relation and Function Page 5

CHAPTER 1

Re lation and Function

OBJECTIVE QUESTION I. All the elements of the subset "1, 3, 5, 7 , are

related to each other.
II All the elements of the subset "2, 4, 6, are related
to each other.
1. A function f : R " R defined as f ^x h = x2 − 4x + 5 is III Some elements of the subset "1, 3, 5, 7 , are related
(a) injective but not surjective. to some elements of the subset "2, 4, 6, .
(b) surjective but not injective. Choose the correct option
(c) both injective and surjective. (a) I and III are true
(d) neither injective nor surjective. (b) I and II are true


Sol : OD 2024 (c) II and III are true
(d) All the true


Sol : Foreign 2010
2. Select the correct option out of the four given options
Let R be a relation in the set N given by
R = #^a, b h : a = b − 2, b > 6- 6. Let f : I " I be defined by f ^x h = x + i where i is a
Then, fixed integer, then f is
(a) ^8, 7h d R (b) ^6, 8h d R (a) one-one but not onto
(c) ^3, 8h d R (d) ^8, 7h d R (b) onto but not one-one


Sol : OD 2023 (c) non-invertible
(d) both one-one and onto
Let A = "3, 5, . Then, number of reflexive relations on


Sol : SQP 2020
3.
A is
(a) 2 (b) 4 7. Let C be the set of complex numbers. The mapping
(c) 0 (d) 8 f | C " R given by f ^z h = z , 6z d C , is


Sol : OD 2023 (a) one-one and onto
(b) one-one but not onto
4. The relation R defined in the set A = "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 , (c) not one-one but onto
by R = {^a, b h : both a and b are either odd or even}. (d) neither one-one nor onto
Then, R is

Sol : Delhi 2015, OD 2011
(a) symmetric
(b) transitive
8. Let R be the relation in the set Z of all integers
(c) an equivalence relation defined by R = "^x, y h: x − y is an integer, .Then R is
(d) reflexive (a) reflexive


Sol : Delhi 2017
(b) symmetric
(c) transitive
5. Let R be the relation defined in the set (d) an equivalence relation
A = "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 , by R = {^a, b h : both a and b are

Sol : Comp 2017
either odd or even}.
Now, consider the following statements
Page 6 Relation and Function CHAPTER 1

9. The function f : R " R defined by f (x) = x2 + x is 15. The function f : X " Y defined by f (x) = sin x is one-
(a) one-one (b) onto one but not onto, if X and Y respectively equal to
(c) many-one (d) None of the above (a) R and R


Sol : Foreign 2011
(b) [0, π]and [0, 1]
(c) 60, π2 @ and [- 1, 1]
10. If R is the relation defined in the set "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, as (d) 6- p2 , p2 @ and 6- 1, 1@
R = $^a, b h : b = a + 1., then R is

Sol : Foreign 2013, Delhi 2010
(a) reflexive (b) symmetric

Let A = "1, 2, 3, and B = "1, 2, 4, , then

(c) transitive (d) None of these
16.


Sol : OD 2010, Comp 2007
f = "^1, 1h, ^1, 2h, ^2, 1h, ^3, 4h, is a
(a) one-one function from A to B
11. Let A = "1, 2, 3, and R = "^1, 2h, ^2, 3h, be a relation in (b) bijection from A to B
A. Then, the minimum number of ordered pairs may
be added, so that R becomes an equivalence relation, (c) surjection from A to B
is (d) none of the above
(a) 7 (b) 5

Sol : OD 2014

(c) 1 (d) 4
The function f defined by f ^x h = ^1 − x h1/3 is


Sol : OD 2018
17.
(a) one-one and onto
12. A function f : x " y is said to be one-one , if for every (b) many-one and onto
x1, x2 d X , (c) one-one and into
(a) f ^x1h = f ^x2h & x1 = x2
(d) many-one and into
(b) f ^x1h = f ^x2h & x1 ! x2

Sol : Delhi 2017

(c) f ^x1h ! f ^x2h & x1 = x2

(d) None of these 18. If f : 60, π2 @" 60, 3@ be a function defined by y = sin ^ x2 h


Sol : Foreign 2014, Delhi 2012
, then f is
(a) injective (b) surjective
13. The function f4 defined by (c) bijective (d) none of these

Sol : Comp 2018

19. Let the function f | R " R be defined by f ^x h = cos x

, 6x d R . The function f is
(a) one-one only (b) onto only (a) one-one and onto
(c) bijective (d) many-one (b) one-one but not onto


Sol : OD 2016 (c) not one-one but onto
(d) neither one-one nor onto


Sol :
The function f : N " N given by f ^x h = 2x is
SQP 2013
14.
(a) surjective (b) bijective
(c) injective (d) many-one 20. Consider the non-empty set consisting of children in


Sol : Delhi 2010 a family and a relation R defined as a R b , if a is
CHAPTER 1 Relation and Function Page 7

brother of b . Then R is (c) (2,2) (d) (3,3)

(a) symmetric but not transitive

Sol : SQP 2022-I

(b) transitive but not symmetric

(c) neither symmetric nor transitive 27. Let the relation R in the set A = "x d Z : 0 # x # 12,,
(d) both symmetric and transitive given by R ={ ^a, b h : a - b is a multiple of 4 }.Then


Sol : Delhi 2017, Foreign 2013 [1], the equivalence class containing 1 is.
(a) "1, 5, 9, (b) "0, 1, 2, 5,
(c) φ (d) A
21. The maximum number of equivalence relations on the

Sol : SQP 2022-I
set A = "1, 2, 3, are
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 5 28. The function f : R " R defined as f ^x h = x3 is


Sol : Comp 2018 (a) One-one but not onto
(b) not one-one but onto
22. Let us define a relation R in R as a R b if a $ b . (c) neither one-one nor onto
Then R is (d) both one-one and onto
(a) an equivalence relation

Sol : SQP 2022-I

(b) reflexive, transitive but not symmetric

(c) symmetric, transitive but not reflexive 29. Let A = "1, 2, 3,, B = "4, 5, 6, 7 , and let
(d) neither transitive nor reflexive but symmetric. f = #^1, 4h, ^2, 5h, ^3, 6h- be a function from A to B .


Sol : OD 2013, Comp 2007 Based on the given information f is best defined as
(a) surjective function
(b) injective function
23. Let A = "1, 2, 3, and consider the relation
R = "^1, 1h, ^2, 2h, ^3, 3h, ^1, 2h, ^2, 3h, ^1, 3h, , then R is (c) bijective function
(a) reflexive but not symmetric (d) None of the above
(b) reflexive but not transitive

Sol : SQP 2022-I
(c) symmetric and transitive
(d) neither symmetric nor transitive.


Sol : OD 2012 30. If A = {1, 2, 3} , B = {6, 7, 8} and f : A " B is a
function such that f (x) = x + 5 then what type of a
function is f ?
24. Let f | R " R be defined by f ^x h = x1 , 6x d R then (a) into
f is
(b) one-one onto
(a) one-one (b) onto
(c) many-one onto
(c) bijective (d) f is not defined


Sol : Delhi 2010 (d) Constant function


Sol : OD 2010

25. Which of the following functions from Z to Z are

bijective?
(a) f ^x h = x3 (b) f ^x h = x + 2
(c) f ^x h = 2x + 1 (c) f ^x h = x2 + 1


Sol : SQP 2017

26. A relation R in set A = "1, 2, 3, is defined as 31. If R is a relation on the set N , defined by
R = $^1, 1h, ^1, 2h, ^2, 2h, ^3, 3h. .Which of the following {(x, y): 2x − y = 10} , then R is
ordered pair in R shall be removed to make it an (a) reflexive
equivalence relation in A? (b) symmetric
(a) (1,1) (b) (1,2)
(c) transitive
Page 8 Relation and Function CHAPTER 1

(d) None of the above function f : A " B is

Sol : Delhi 2007 (a) one-one (b) constant
(c) onto (d) many one
32.
2
The function f (x) = x + bx + c , where b and c are

Sol : Delhi 2015

real constants, describes

(a) one-one mapping 38. f : A " B will be an onto function if
(b) onto mapping (a) f (A) 1 B (b) f (A) = B
(c) not one-one but onto mapping (c) f (A) 2 B (d) f (A) ! B
(d) neither one-one nor onto mapping

Sol : Comp 2018

Sol : Foreign 2009

39. If A = {1, 3, 5, 7} and B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} , then

33. What type of a relation is “Less than” in the set of the number of one-one function from A into B is
real numbers? (a) 1340 (b) 1860
(a) only symmetric (c) 1430 (d) 1680
(b) only transitive

Sol : Foreign 2016, OD 2014

(c) only reflexive

(d) equivalence relation 40. A mapping f : n " N , where N is the set of natural


Sol : Comp 2010, Foreign 2007 numbers is define as
n2,
f (n) = *
for n odd
34. What type of relation is R = {(1, 3), (4, 2), (2, 4), 2n + 1, for n even
(2, 3), (3, 1)} on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4} ? for n d N . Then, f is
(a) Reflexive
(a) Surjective but not injective
(b) Transitive
(b) Injective but not surjective
(c) Symmetric
(c) Bijective
(d) None of these


Sol : Delhi 2015, OD 2011
(d) neither injective nor surjective


Sol : Comp 2007

Assertion (A) : The relation f : "1, 2, 3, 4, " "x, y, z, p ,

35. If R be a relation on A such that
41.
R = { (2, 2), (3, 3), (2, 3), (3, 2), (3, 1), (2, 1)} on the defined by f = $^1, x h, ^2, x h, ^3, z h. is a bijective
set A = ^1, 2, 3h , then R is function.
Reason (R) : The function f : "1, 2, 3, " "x, y, z, p ,
such that f = $^1, x h, ^2, x h, ^3, z h. is one-one.
(a) reflexive (b) symmetric
(c) equivalence (d) transitive (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct


Sol : Delhi 2017
explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the
36. If A and B are two equivalence relations defined on correct explanation of (A).
set C , then (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(a) A k B is an equivalence relation
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true
(b) A k B is not an equivalence relation

Sol : SQP 2023

(c) A k B is an equivalence relation

(d) A k B is not an equivalence relation 42. Assertion (A) : Let F : N " Y be a function defined


Sol : Comp 2012 as f (x) = 9x + 3 , where Y = {y : y = 9x + 3, x ! N}
then f is one-one.

37. If f (x1) = f (x2) & x1 = x2 6x1 , x2 ! A , then the Reason (R) : For x1 , x2 ! N , f (x1) = f (x2) & x1 = x2 .
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).
CHAPTER 1 Relation and Function Page 9

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the 46. Assertion (A) : The relation R in A = "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
correct explanation of (A). defined as R = {^x, y h : y is divisible by x} is not an
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false. equivalence relation.
Reason (R) : The relation R will be an equivalence
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true


Sol : Comp 2013
relation, if it is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).
43. Assertion (A) : The function f : R " R given by (b) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
f ^x h = x3 is injective. correct explanation of (A).
Reason (R) : The function f : X " Y is injective, if (c) (A) is correct but (R) is false.
f ^x h = f ^y h & x = y for all x, y d X.
(d) (A) is correct but (R) is true
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct


Sol : Foreign 2014
explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A). 47. Assertion: Let A = {− 1, 1, 2, 3} and B = {1, 4, 9}
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false. where f : A " B given by f (x) = x2 , then f is a many-
one function.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true


Sol : Delhi 2014, OD 2010
Reason: If x1 ! x2 & f (x1) ! f (x2), for every x1, x2d
domain then f is one-one or else many
(a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a
44. Assertion (A) : Let A and B be sets. Then, the correct explanation for Assertion.
function f : A # B " B " A such that f ^a, b h = ^b, a h (b) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not a
is bijective. correct explanation for Assertion.
Reason (R) : A function f is said to be bijective, if it (c) Assertion is true; Reason is false.
is both one-one and onto.
(d) Assertion is false; Reason is true.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct


Sol : Comp 2014
explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A). 48. Assertion: The relation R in a set A = {1, 2, 3, 4}
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false. defined by R = {(x, y): 3x − y = 0)} have the domain
= {1, 2, 3, 4} and range = {3, 6, 9, 12}
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true


Sol : OD 2018
Reason: Domain and range of the relation (R) is
respectively the set of all first & second entries of the
distinct ordered pair of the relation.
(a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a
correct explanation for Assertion.
(b) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not a
correct explanation for Assertion.
45. Assertion (A) : Let L be a set of lines in a plane. R is (c) Assertion is true; Reason is false.
a relation on L defined as R = {L1, L2} , L1 is parallel (d) Assertion is false; Reason is true.
to L2 . Then R is an equivalence relation.

Sol : Delhi 2010
Reason (R) : R is not transitive relation.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).

VERY SHORT Answer QUESTION
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false. 49. How many equivalence relations on the set "1, 2, 3,
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true containing (1,2) and (2,1) are there in all? Justify


Sol : Delhi 2011, OD 2008 your answer.


Sol : SQP 2017
Page 10 Relation and Function CHAPTER 1

50. How many reflexive relations are possible in a set A State whether f is one-one or not.
whose n ^Ah = 3 ?

Sol : Comp 2011

Sol : SQP 2021

61. If f : R " R is defined by f (x) = 3x + 2 , then define

51. Check whether the function f : R " R defined as f [f (x)].


Sol : Foreign 2011, Delhi 2010f
f ^x h = x3 is one-one or not.


Sol : OD 2018

62. Write fog, if f : R " R and g: R " R are given by

52. A relation R in S = "a, b, c , is defined as f (x) = x and g (x) = 5x − 2 .


Sol :
R = $^a, a h, ^a, b h, ^b, b h, ^c, c h. . Which elements(s) of
Foreign 2011

relation R be removed to make R an equivalence

relation? 63. State the reason for the relation R in the set {1, 2, 3}


Sol : Comp 2012, Delhi 2010
given by R = {(1, 2), (2, 1)} not to be transitive.


Sol : Delhi 2011

53. An equivalence relation R in A divides it into

equivalence classes A1, A2, A3 . What is the value of 64. What is the range of the function
A1 j A2 j A3 and A1 k A2 k A3 ?


Sol : Delhi 2007 x−1
f (x) = , x ! 1?


Sol : x−1 Delhi 2010

54. A relation R in the set of real number R defined as

R = $^a, b h : a = b . is a function or not. Justify.


Sol : Foreign 2018

55. A function f : A " B defined as f ^x h = 2x is both

one-one and onto. If A = "1, 2, 3, 4, , then find the set
B.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTION


Sol : OD 2023

56. A relation in a set A is called ......... relation, if each 65. A relation R is defined on a set or real number R as
element of A is related to itself. R = $^x, y h : x $ y is an irrational number. .


Sol : OD 2020
Check whether R is reflexive, symmetric and
transitive.


Sol : CBSE 2023
57. Check if the relation R is the set R of real number
defined as R = "^a, b h : a < b , is (i) symmetric, (ii)
transitive. 66. Let f :N " R be a function defined as


Sol : OD 2020
f (x) = 4x2 + 12x + 15 Show that f :N " S , where S is
the range of f , is one - one and onto function.


Sol : Foreign 2015
58. If R = {(a, a3): a is a prime number less than 5} be a
relation. Find the range of R .


Sol : Foreign 2014, OD 2011 67. Thus, f : N " S is one-one and onto function. Show
that the relation S in the set R of real number
defined as S = {(a, b) : a, b d R and a # b3} is neither
59. Let R is the equivalence relation in the set reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.
A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} given by R = {(a, b): 2 divides

Sol : Delhi 2010, OD 2007
(a - b)} . Write the equivalence class [0].


Sol : Delhi 2014 C

68. Prove that the function f is surjective,where

f : N " N such that
60. If A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {4, 5, 6, 7} and
f = {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)} is a function from A to B .
CHAPTER 1 Relation and Function Page 11

Zn + 1 relation.
] 2 , if n is odd

Sol : Delhi 2023, Delhi 2015
f ^n h = [
] n , if n is even
\2 77. Given, a non-empty set X , define the relation R in
Is the function injective? Justify your answer.


Sol : SQP 2023 P ^X h as follow
For A, B d P ^X h , ^A, B h d R iff A 1 B . Prove that
R is reflexive, transitive and not symmetric.
69. Prove that the function, f : N " N is defined by

Sol : Delhi 2023

f (x) = x2 + x + 1 is one-one but not onto.

Sol : Delhi 2019
78. Let N be the set of all natural numbers and R
be a relation on N # N defined by ^a, b h R ^c, d h
+ ad = bc for all ^a, b h, ^c, d h d N # N .Show that R
70. Consider f : R+ " [4, 3) given by f (x) = x2 + 4 , Show is an equivalence relation on N # N . Also, find the
that f is one-one and onto. equivalence class of ^2, 6h i.e. 6^2, 6h@ .


Sol : Comp 2013, Foreign 2011

Sol : Foreign 2018

71. Let F : N " Y be a function defined as f (x) = 7x + 5 79. Show that the function f : R ""x d R : − 1 < x < 1,
, where Y = {y : y = 9x + 3, x ! N} then show that defined by f ^x h = x , x d R is one-one and onto
f is one-one. 1+ x


Sol : Delhi 2015
function.


Sol : Comp 2016, Foreign 2011

80. Show that the function f : R " R defined by

LONG ANSWER QUESTION f ^x h = x , is neither one-one nor onto.


Sol : x + 1
2

Foreign 2023; Delhi 2020, 2018

72. Check whether the relation R in the set Z of 81. If A = R − {3} and B = R − {1} . Consider the
integers defined as R = $^a, b h : a + b is divisible by 2. function f : A " B defined by f (x) = xx −− 32 , for all
is reflexive, symmetric or transitive. Write the x d A . Then, show that f is bijective.
equivalence class containing 0 i.e. 50? .

Sol : Delhi 2014, 2012


Sol : OD 2018

82. If A = R − {2} , B = R − {1} and f ;A " B is a

73. Show that a function f : R " R defined as function define by f (x) = xx −− 21 ,then show that f is
f ^x h = 5x − 3 is both one-one and onto. bijective.


Sol :
4 Delhi 2013


Sol : OD 2023

74. Let f : R - #- 43 - " R be a function defined as 83. Show that the function f in A = R − " 23 , defined as
f ^x h = 3x4+x 4 . Show that f is a one-one function. Also, f (x) = 64xx −+ 43 , is one-one and onto.


Sol : Delhi 2013
check whether f is an onto function or not.


Sol : OD 2023

84. Show that the function f :R " R defined by

75. A function f : 6- 4, 4@ " 60, 4@ is given by f (x) = 2 x ,6x d R is neither one-one nor onto.
x +1
f ^x h = 16 − x2 . Show that f is an onto function

Sol : OD 2018
but not a one-one function. Further, find all possible
values of a for which f ^a h = 7 .


Sol : OD 2023 85. Show that the function f :R+ " [− 5, 3) given by
f (x) = 9x2 + 6x − 5 is one - one and onto function.
where R+ is the set of all non-negative real numbers.
76. If N denotes the set of all natural numbers and R

Sol : Delhi 2017, Foreign 2010
be the relation on N # N defined by ^a, b h R ^c, d h , if
ad ^b + c h = bc ^a + d h . Show that R is an equivalence
Page 12 Relation and Function CHAPTER 1

86. Consider f :R - "- 43 , " R - " 43 , given by 95. If f :X " Y is a function, define a relation R on X
given by R = {(a, b) : f (a) = f (b)} . Show that R is an
f (x) = 4x + 3 equivalence relation on X .
3x + 4

Sol : Comp 2010
Show that f is bijective.


Sol : Comp 2017

96. Show that a function f :R " R given by

87. Let f :N " N be a function defined as f (x) = ax + b, a, b d R a ! 0 is a bijective.
f (x) = 9x2 + 6x − 5 Show that f :N " S , where S is

Sol : Comp 2008

the range of f , is invertible. Find the inverse of f and

hence find f-1 (43) and f-1 (163) 97. Let A = {x d Z : 0 # x # 12} . Show that


Sol : Delhi 2016
R = {(a, b) : a, b d A, | a - b | is divisible by 4}
is an equivalence relation. Find the set of all elements
88. Consider f :R+ " [− 9, 3) given by f (x) = 5x2 + 6x − 9 related to 1. Also , write the equivalence class.


Sol : OD 2018, Delhi 2015
Prove that f is one - one and onto function


Sol : Comp 2015, OD 2010

98. Show that the relation R on the set Z of all integers

89. If R is a relation defined on the set of natural numbers defined by (x, y) d R + (x - y) is divisible by 3 is an
N as follows: equivalence relation.


Sol : Comp 2018
R = {(x, y): x d N, y d N and 2x + y = 24} , then
find the domain and range of the relation R . Also,
find whether R is an equivalence relation or not. 99. Show that the relation R in the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
given by R = {(a, b): | a − b | is divisible by 2} is an


Sol : Comp 2014
equivalence relation. Write all the equivalence classes
of R .


Sol : Comp 2015, Delhi 2008
90. If A = {1, 2, 3, ..., 9} and R is the relation in A # A
defined by (a, b) R (c, d), if a + d = b + c for (a, b)
, (c, d) in A # A . Prove that R is an equivalence
relation. Also, obtain the equivalence classes [(2, 5)].


Sol : Delhi 2014

91. Show that f :N " N , given by

x + 1 if x is odd

Case Based Question
f (x) = *

x − 1 if x is even
is bijective (both one-one and onto).


Sol : Comp 2019, Delhi 2017
100. Students of a school are taken to a railway museum to
learn about railways heritage and its history.
92. If f :R " R is the function defined by f (x) = 4x3 + 7 ,
then show that f is a bijective.


Sol : Comp 2011

93. If Z is the set of all integers and R is the relation on Z

defined as R = {(a, b) : a, b d Z and a - b is divisible
by 5} . Prove that R is an equivalence relation.


Sol : Delhi 2010

94. Show that the relation S defined on set N # N

by (a, b) S (c, d) & a + d = b + c is an equivalence An exhibit in the museum depicted many rail lines
relation. on the track near the railway station. Let L be the


Sol : Comp 2010, Delhi 2007
set of all rail lines on the railway track and R be the
CHAPTER 1 Relation and Function Page 13

relation on L defined by from x1 to x2 }.

R = {^l1, l2h : l1 is parallel to l2} A function f : Y " X is defined by,
On the basis of the above information, answer the f ^PB h = V ,
f ^SwD h = PB ,
following questions :
(i) Find whether the relation R is symmetric or not.
(ii) Find whether the relation R is transitive or not. f ^ShD h = SwD .
(iii) If one of the rail lines on the railway track is Answer the questions based on the given information.
represented by the equation y = 3x + 2 , then find (i) List all the elements of R .
the set of rail lines in R related to it. (ii) Is the relation R symmetric? Give a valid reason.
(iv) Let S be the relation defined by S = {^l1, l2h : l1 is (iii) Is the relation R transitive? Give a valid reason.
perpendicular to l2} check whether the relation S (iv) Check whether the function f is one-one and
is symmetric and transitive. onto. Give valid reasons.


Sol : OD 2024


Sol :

101. A function f: 6- 4, 4@ " 60, 4@ is given by 103. Sherlin and Danju are playing Ludo at home during
f ^x h = 16 − x2 . Show that f is an onto function Covid-19. While rolling the dice, Sherlin’s sister Raji
but not a one-one function. Further, find all possible observed and noted the possible outcomes of the
values of a for which f ^a h = 7 . throw every time belongs to set "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, . Let A


Sol : OD 2023
be the set of players while B be the set of all possible
outcomes.
102. Port Blair, the capital city of Andaman and Nicobar
Islands is directly connected to Chennai and
Vishakapatnam via ship route. The ships sailfrom
Chennai/Vishakapatnam to Port Blair and vice versa.
Swaraj Dweep and Shaheed Dweep are two popular
tourist tourist islands in Andaman Islands. One has
to take a ferry from Port Blair to reach these islands.
There are ferries that sail frequently between the
three islands - Port Blair (PB), Swaraj Dweep (SwD)
and Shaheed Dweep (ShD).
Shown below is a schematic representation of the ship
routes and ferry routes.

We have A = "S, D , and B = "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,

(i) Let R : B $ B be defined by

R = {(x, y) : y is divisible by x}
Show that above relation is reflexive and transitive
but not symmetric.
(ii) Raji wants to know the number of functions
from A to B . How many number of functions are
possible?
(iii) Let R be a relation on B defined by R = {(1,2),
(2,2), (1,3), (3,4), (3,1), (4,3), (5,5)}. Show that R
is not reflexive, not transitive and not symmetric.
X is the set of all 5 places and Y is the set of 3 places
(iv) Raji wants to know the number of relations
in Andaman Islands. That is ,
possible from A to B. How many numbers of
X = "C, V, PB, SwD , relations are possible?
and Y = "PB, SwD, ShD , (v) Let R : B $ B be a relation defined by R =
{(1,1),(1,2), (2,2), (3,3), (4,4), (5,5),(6,6)}. Show
A relation R defined on the set X which is given by, that R is an equivalence relation .
R R = "^x1, x2h, : there is a direct ship or direct ferry

Sol :
Page 14 Relation and Function CHAPTER 1

104. An organization conducted bike race under 2 different a relation on L .

categories - boys and girls. Totally there were 250
participants. Among all of them finally three from
Category 1 and two from Category 2 were selected
for the final race. Ravi forms two set B and G
with these participants for his college project. Let
B = "b1, b2, b3, G = "g1, g2, where B represents the
set of boys selected and G the set of girls who were
selected for the final race.

(i). Let relation R be defined by

R = "^L1, L2h : L1 z L2 where L1, L2 d L , then Show
that R is an equivalence relation.
(ii). Let relation R be defined by
R = "^L1, L2h : L1 = L2 where L1, L2 d L , then
show that R is symmetric but neither reflexive
nor transitive relation.
Ravi decides to explore these sets for various types of (iii) Show that the function f : R " R defined by
relations and functions f ^x h = x − 4 is bijective.
(i). Ravi wishes to form all the relations possible from
(iv) Let f : R " R defined by f ^x h = x − 4 , then find
B to G . How many such relations are possible?
(ii). Let R : B " B be defined by R ={ ^x, y h : x and y
the range of f (x).
are students of same sex}, Show that this relation (v) Let R = "^L1, L2h : L1 z L2 and L1 : y = x − 4, then
R is equivalence relation. show that 2x − 2y + 5 can be taken as L2 .


Sol :
(iii) Ravi wants to know among those relations, how
many functions can be formed from B to G?
(iv) Let R :B " G be defined by

********** *
R = "^b1, g1h, ^b2, g2h, ^b3, g1h, , then R is
_________
(v) Ravi wants to find the number of injective func-
tions from B to G. How many numbers of injec-
tive functions are possible?


Sol :

105. Students of Grade 9 planned to plant saplings along

straight lines, parallel to each other to one side of the
playground ensuring that they had enough play area.
Let us assume that they planted one of the rows of
the saplings along the line y = x − 4.Let L be the set
of all lines which are parallel on the ground and R be