HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
Chemistry: Chapter 22 Alkanes and alkenes
Combined Science (Chemistry Part): Chapter 22 Alkanes and alkenes
Multiple-choice questions
Section 22.1
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Which of the following compounds is saturated?
A. B.
C. D.
##C Saturated compounds contain single covalent bonds only.##
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Which of the following structural formulae represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
A. B.
C. D.
##B Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms, with one or
more carbon-carbon multiple bonds (C=C, C≡C).##
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Which of the following formulae represent(s) a saturated straight-chain hydrocarbon?
(1) C3H6
(2) C3H8
(3) C4H10
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
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HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
D. (2) and (3) only
##D Propene (C3H6) is an unsaturated straight-chain hydrocarbon.##
Section 22.2
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Which of the following statements about the gradual change in properties as the
number of carbon atoms in the members of the alkane series are INCORRECT?
(1) The reactivity with acids decreases.
(2) The molecular mass increases.
(3) The boiling point decreases.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
##B Alkanes do not react with acids. Their boiling points increase with their
molecular sizes.##
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The following equation shows the complete combustion of propane.
C3H8(g) + xO2(g) yCO2(g) + zH2O(l)
Which of the following combinations is correct?
x y z
A. 4 3 2
B. 5 3 4
C. 6 5 2
D. 7 5 4
##B##
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Which of the following substances are NOT produced during the combustion of
alkanes?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Carbon monoxide
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
C. Hydrogen
D. Water
##C##
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Which of the following statements about alkanes is correct?
A. They have the same molecular formula.
B. They are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
C. They can undergo addition reaction.
D. They can undergo substitution reaction.
##D Alkanes have the same general formula. They are saturated hydrocarbons.##
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Which of the following statements about substitution reaction are correct?
(1) It is the process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones.
(2) It involves chemical change.
(3) The reaction between methane and bromine (dissolved in an organic solvent) in
the presence of light is a substitution reaction.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
##C Substitution reaction is a chemical change in which an atom or a group of atoms
of a molecule is replaced by another atom or a group of atoms.##
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Which of the following are substitution reactions?
(1) CH4 + 4Cl2 CCl4 + 4HCl
(2) CH4 + 2Cl2 C + 4HCl
(3) CH2Br2 + Br2 CHBr3 + HBr
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
##B##
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Which of the following statements about the reaction of propane with bromine
(dissolved in an organic solvent) are correct?
(1) The reaction does not occur in darkness.
(2) The reaction is a substitution reaction.
(3) The colour of the reaction mixture fades.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
##D Under sunlight, energy is supplied to break the BrBr bonds in bromine
molecules to form reactive Br• radicals, which substitute H atoms in propane. The
red-orange bromine is decolorized.##
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Which of the following compounds are the products of the reaction between chlorine
(dissolved in an organic solvent) and methane under sunlight?
(1) CH3Cl
(2) CHCl3
(3) CCl4
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
##D##
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Excess methane reacts with bromine in the presence of light to give a mixture of
products. Which of the following compounds is the major product?
A. Bromomethane
B. Dibromomethane
C. Tribromomethane
D. Tetrabromomethane
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
##A Only one hydrogen atom is substituted when bromine is the limiting reactant.##
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In the presence of light, which of the following reaction mixtures will give the
greatest amount of CH3Cl?
A. 1 mole of methane and 5 moles of chlorine
B. 1 mole of methane and 1 mole of chlorine
C. 5 moles of methane and 1 mole of chlorine
D. The above mixture gives equal amounts of CH3Cl.
##C Refer to the propagation step of the reaction. If chlorine is in excess, once CH3Cl
forms, it will be easily attacked by other chlorine radicals. Polysubstituted products
(such as CH2Cl2 and CHCl3) will be favoured. However, if methane is in excess,
chlorine radicals will have a higher chance to collide with methane molecules. The
yield of CH3Cl will be higher than other substituted products.##
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Which of the following statements about the propagation step of the chlorination of
ethane are correct?
(1) It involves the breaking of covalent bonds.
(2) It involves the formation of covalent bonds.
(3) It involves the formation of free radicals.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
##D##
Section 22.3
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Which of the following statements about the cracking of alkane is INCORRECT?
A. It is a chemical change.
B. It is carried out in the absence of oxygen.
C. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are produced.
D. Carbon dioxide is produced.
##D Cracking of alkane involves the formation of smaller alkanes and alkenes. It is a
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
chemical change. In the presence of oxygen, alkane will burn. As cracking is carried
out in the absence of oxygen, carbon dioxide is not produced.##
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Which of the following are the reasons for cracking heavy oil fractions?
(1) Heavy oil fractions are in less demand and so they are cracked to produce extra
petrol.
(2) Cracking produces alkenes, which can be used to make many useful organic
compounds.
(3) Cracking can separate oil fractions with different boiling point ranges.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
##A Cracking is a chemical reaction which involves breaking down large molecules
into smaller ones. The products are smaller alkanes and alkenes molecules.##
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The following diagram shows a fractionating column in oil refining.
fraction W
fraction X
fraction Y
fraction Z
crude oil
Which of the following fractions can be cracked to produce more useful products?
(1) Fraction X
(2) Fraction Y
(3) Fraction Z
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
##C##
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The equation below shows the cracking of a hydrocarbon.
C20H42 → X + 2C4H8 + H2
What is the molecular formula of compound X?
A. C12H24
B. C12H26
C. C16H34
D. C16H32
##A##
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Upon cracking, one molecule of octane (C8H18) gives two molecules of ethene and
one molecule of Y. Which of the following is the possible skeletal formula of Y?
A. B.
C. D.
##A C8H18 2C2H4 + C4H10##
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Consider the following process.
catalyst
C8H18 C6H14 + Y
heat
Which of the following combinations is correct?
Y Process
A. An alkene Cracking
B. An alkene Fractional distillation
C. An alkane Cracking
D. An alkane Fractional distillation
##A C8H18 C6H14 + C2H4##
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C18H38 is cracked to C9H20, C4H10, C and 2X when heated with a catalyst. Which of the
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
following substances would X be?
A. C2H4
B. C2H6
C. C3H8
D. C4H8
##A The total number of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms should be 18 and 38
respectively. As there are four carbon atoms and eight hydrogen atoms in 2X, each X
should have two carbon atoms and four hydrogen atoms.##
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A long-chain alkane, heptadecane (C17H36), is cracked. One possible reaction can be
represented by the following equation:
C17H36 X + Y + Z + C
In the equation, X and Y are saturated hydrocarbons and Z is an unsaturated
hydrocarbon. Which of the following combinations is INCORRECT?
X Y Z
A. C4H10 C9H20 C3H6
B. C5H12 C9H18 C2H4
C. C9H20 C3H8 C4H8
D. C6H14 C8H18 C2H4
##B##
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The following equation represents the cracking of a straight-chained alkane.
C22H46 2X + 3Y
It is known that Y reacts with bromine to give a steamy fume. Which of the following
is the possible chemical formula of Y?
A. C4H8
B. C4H10
C. C5H10
D. C5H12
##B The reaction of Y with bromine is a substitution reaction as hydrogen bromide
gas evolves. Y should be an alkane. If Y has 5 carbon atoms, only 7 carbon atoms are
available for the two X molecules. As 7 cannot be divided by 2 to give an integer, Y is
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
not C5H10.##
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The following diagram shows the cracking of paraffin.
broken pieces of porous pot
glass wool soaked
with paraffin heat
tube X tube Y
universal bromine (dissolved in
indicator tetrachloromethane)
Which of the following statements about the experiment is/are correct?
(1) Universal indicator in tube X turns red.
(2) The bromine solution in tube Y is decolorized.
(3) The broken pieces of porous pot can be replaced by aluminium oxide.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
##D The alkenes produced during cracking can decolorize bromine (dissolved in an
organic solvent). Aluminium oxide can also be used as the catalyst in cracking.##
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The following diagram shows the set-up of an experiment.
pumice stones
glass wool soaked
with kerosene heat
solution X
Which of the following combinations about solution X is correct?
Solution X Colour change
A. Acidified potassium dichromate From orange to green
B. Acidified potassium permanganate From purple to colourless
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HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
C. Bromine From colourless to red-orange
D. Phenolphthalein From pink to colourless
##B##
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Which of the following is NOT the safety precaution for cracking experiment in the
school laboratory?
A. Wear safety goggles.
B. Perform the experiment in the fume cupboard.
C. Heat the catalyst evenly.
D. Stop heating before pulling the delivery tube out of the water.
##D Before heating is stopped, the delivery tube should be pulled out of the water to
avoid sucking back of water into the combustion tube which will crack the tube.##
Section 22.4
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Which of the following statements about propene are correct?
(1) The chemical formula of propene is C3H8.
(2) It is an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
(3) It has the same number of carbon atoms as propane.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
##C The chemical formula of propene is C3H6.##
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Organic compound G is an acid and can decolorize bromine (dissolved in an organic
solvent) in the dark. Which of the following formulae may G be?
A. CH3CH2CH=CH2
B. CH3CH2CH2CO2H
C. CH3CH2CO2CH3
D. CH2=CHCH2CO2H
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
##D As G is an organic acid, it contains the carboxyl group (COOH). G is an
unsaturated compound as it can decolorize bromine (dissolved in an organic solvent)
in the dark.##
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Which of the following statements about ethene and ethane is correct?
A. They can undergo addition reaction with halogens (dissolved in an organic
solvent).
B. They can undergo substitution reaction with halogens.
C. They can undergo combustion to give carbon dioxide and water.
D. They can be oxidized by acidified potassium permanganate solution.
##C Ethane undergoes substitution reaction with halogens while ethene undergoes
addition reaction with halogens. Ethane does not react with acidified potassium
permanganate solution.##
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Which of the following methods can be used to distinguish between ethane and
ethene?
(1) Bubbling the gases into bromine (dissolved in an organic solvent) in the dark.
(2) Bubbling the gases into universal indicator.
(3) Bubbling the gases into acidified potassium permanganate solution.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
##B Ethane and ethene are both neutral.##
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Which of the following statements about two straight-chain hydrocarbons C6H12 and
C7H16 is correct?
A. They belong to the same homologous series.
B. They are gases at room conditions.
C. They can undergo addition reaction.
D. They can undergo redox reaction.
##D C6H12 is alkene while C7H16 is alkane. Both of them are liquids at room
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
conditions. Only C6H12 undergoes addition reaction. Both of them can by oxidized by
oxygen during combustion.##
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Consider the following reaction:
Which of the following types of reaction is/are involved in the above reaction?
(1) Addition reaction
(2) Substitution reaction
(3) Redox reaction
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
##B It is not a redox reaction because there is no change in oxidation number of any
element.##
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Which of the following statements concerning the reaction of chlorine with propene
is/are correct?
(1) The reaction is an addition reaction.
(2) 1,3-dichloropropane is the organic product of the reaction.
(3) Sunlight is required for the reaction to occur.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
##A The product formed is 1,2-dichloropropane. This reaction can take place in
darkness.##
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Which of the following compounds is the product of the following reaction?
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
A. B.
C. D.
##A##
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Which of the following compounds is the product of the reaction between 1-
chlorobut-2-ene and bromine?
A. B.
C. D.
##B The structural formula of 1-chlorobut-2-ene is as follows:
When bromine reacts with 1-chlorobut-2-ene, the two bromine atoms are added to the
carbon-carbon double bond, giving B as the product.##
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Gas A is bubbled into B as shown in the following diagram. B shows a colour change.
A
Which of the following combinations is correct?
A B
(1) Ammonia Dilute sulphuric acid
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
(2) Propene Acidified potassium permanganate solution
(3) Carbon dioxide Phenolphthalein
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
##B Propene can decolorize acidified potassium permanganate solution.##
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1 mole of an alkene reacts completely with 2 moles of chlorine. Which of the
following is probably the structure of the alkene?
A. B.
C. D.
##C The alkene should possess two carbon-carbon double bonds.##
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Consider the following compound.
(a) What is the systematic name of the compound?
A. 1-chloro-5-hydroxylpen-1,3-diene
B. 5-chloro-1-hydroxylpen-2,4-diene
C. 1-chloropen-1,3-dien-5-ol
D. 5-chloropen-2,4-dien-1-ol
(b) Which of the following statements about the compound is correct?
A. It is a saturated compound.
B. It is a hydrocarbon.
C. It is an alkali.
D. It can decolorize bromine solution in the dark.
##D,D##
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© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part V Fossil fuels and carbon compounds
What is the systematic name of the product for the reaction between but-2-ene and
acidified potassium permanganate solution?
A. Butan-1-ol
B. Butan-2-ol
C. Butan-1,2-diol
D. Butan-2,3-diol
##D
##
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2014 Chapter 22
