DC GENERATOR
ARMATURE WINDING
Part 12 Note
Dummy coil
● Used when requirements of the winding not met by the standard armature punching.
● If Yc is not integer , we use dummy coil
● Not required in lap winding Yc = ±m , always integer
● Used in wave winding only
● Dummy coil is not connected to commutator
● Only for mechanical balancing
● End are cut short and taped
● Provide mechanical balance
Equalizer ring
● Dissymmetry in the pole structure ,uneven flux per pole ,unequal parallel path emf
● Emf generated in each parallel will be different
● Equalizer ring is Low resistance copper wire
No of coil side
● No of equalizer ring =
No of pair of pole
𝑃
● Number of tapping's to each equalizer ring =
2
● Used only in lap winding
Frog-Leg Winding
● The Frog -Ieg Winding or Self Equalizing Winding
● It consists of lap winding and a wave winding combined
● wave windings can function as equalizers for the lap winding.
● No of parallel path, A =2Pmlap
● P= no of pole m =plex
LAP WINDING WAVE WINDING
Connection of coil Coils are connected in Coils are connected in
parallel series
Other name Parallel winding Series winding
Parallel path Equal to number of poles Equal to 2
Additional arrangement Requires equalizer ring No need
Additional arrangement Dummy coil not required Dummy coil required
Application Low voltage high current High voltage low current
Number of brushes Number of parallel path 2
● Conduction material
● Insulating material
Conducting Material
Enameled copper wire Single cotton covered copper enameled wire
Single silk covered copper enameled wire
Insulating material
• Should be resistant to moisture to avoid short circuit or earth fault
• Type of insulation required depends upon the voltage of the machine
• Size of insulation measured in mil
• 1 mil = 0.0254 mm
class Temperature(max) material
Y 90 Degree COTTON,SILK,PAPER WITHOUT
IMPREGNATION
A 105 Degree COTTON,SILK,PAPER IMMERSED
IN OIL
E 120 Degree LEATHEROID PAPER,EMPIRE
CLOTH,FIBRE
B 130 Degree MICA,GLASS FIBRE,ASBESTOSE
F 155 Degree INSULATION OF THIS CLASS
CONSIST OF MATERIAL OF A
BETTER QUALITY THAN CLASS B
H 180 Degree SILICON ELASTOMERS AND
COMBINATION OF MATERIAL
SUCH AS MICA,GLASS
FIBRE,ASBESTOSE
C ABOVE 180 MICA,PORCELAIN,GLASS,QUARTZ
INSULATION PAPER SHEET
USED FOR INSULATING SLOTS AND OTHER METAL PARTS FROM THE LIVE PARTS
LEATHEROID PAPER
• Better ageing and dielectric strength
• Available in color of dark grey and bottle green
• Used for class A insulation scheme
Pressphan paper
• Highly glazed and pressed paper
• Good dielectric strength
• Normally available in yellow color
• Used for CLASS A insulation scheme
Triplex paper
• Layer of polyster film deposited on the surface of leatheroid or presspan
paper to make it NON HYGROSCOPIC
• Normally one side glazed and color may brown or green
• This paper is used for CLASS E insulation scheme
Millinex paper
• Synthetic paper
• Milky white in color
• Highly non hygroscopic and possesses good electrical and mechanical strength
• Used for CLASS E and B insulation schemes
Micanite paper
• Consist of soft mica ,bonded with paper or cloth base
• Used for CLASS E and B insulation scheme
Empire cloth
• Impregnated cloth and highly flexible
• Generally available in black or yellow color, depends on varnishes used
• Used for CLASS A insulation scheme
Glass fiber cloth
• Cloth made of glass wool
• High dielectric strength and high temperature withstand
• Highly flexible
• Used for normal winding
• Color of golden yellow or black
• Used for CLASS E and B insulation scheme
For CLASS F and H
Uses Insulation with brand name of
Hypotherm and Nomex
Taps
Wrapping the conductor or group of conductor in the winding process
• Cotton tape ( Class A & E)
• Empire tape (Class A)
• Fiber glass tape (Class E,B,F)
• Silicon-Elastomers (Class F & H)
Sleeves
• Cotton sleeves (Class A)
• Empire sleeves (Class A)
• Fibre glass sleeves , Impregnated (Class B,E &F)
• PVC Sleeves, highly non-hygroscopic
Other insulating materials
• Bamboo
• Terylene Thread
• Varnish
