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Q Data Based - 4

The document contains a series of chemistry questions related to the preparation and properties of sodium thiosulfate, its reactions, and calculations involving atom economy and percentage yield. It also discusses the Lewis structure of thiosulfate and sulfate ions, titration methods for determining iodine concentration, and the effects of hydrochloric acid on sodium thiosulfate. Additionally, it emphasizes safety precautions during experiments.

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22 views2 pages

Q Data Based - 4

The document contains a series of chemistry questions related to the preparation and properties of sodium thiosulfate, its reactions, and calculations involving atom economy and percentage yield. It also discusses the Lewis structure of thiosulfate and sulfate ions, titration methods for determining iodine concentration, and the effects of hydrochloric acid on sodium thiosulfate. Additionally, it emphasizes safety precautions during experiments.

Uploaded by

shreyas.agrawal1002
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Paper 1 Section B Data-based question (4)

(a) Sodium thiosulfate, Na2SO3, can be prepared in the laboratory by boiling an aqueous solution of
sodium hydroxide with sulfur.

6NaOH(aq) + 4S(s) → 2Na2S(aq) + Na2S2O3(aq) + 3H2O(l)

i. Assuming the water produced is lost and no use is made of the sodium sulfide formed, calculate the
atom economy for this reaction. [2]

ii. The product can be crystallised from solution as the pentahydrate Na2S2O3.5H2O. Calculate the
percentage yield if 1000 g of the pentahydrate crystals are obtained from 620 g of sulfur reacting
with excess sodium hydroxide solution. [2]

(b) The Lewis structure of the thiosulfate ion, S2O32− is similar to that of the sulfate ion, SO42−, in that
both contain four electron domains around the central sulfur atom.

i. Identify the shape of the thiosulfate ion. [1]

ii. Comment on how the oxidation state of sulfur in the thiosulfate ion compares with its value in the
sulfate ion. [2]

© Dr. Geoffrey Neuss, InThinking


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(c) Titration with thiosulfate ions is a useful way to determine the amount of iodine present in a
solution. The reaction can be followed using starch as an indicator. The equation for the reaction is:

2S2O32– (aq) + I2 (aq) → 2I–(aq) + S4O62– (aq)

When an excess of manganese(II) sulfate in alkaline solution was added to 250 cm3 of a sample of
water taken from a local river the oxygen dissolved in the water reacted with the manganese(II)
sulfate according to the equation:

2Mn2+(aq) + 4OH−(aq) + O2(g) → 2MnO2(s) + 2H2O(l)

The solution was then acidified and excess potassium iodide added to release iodine according to the
equation:

MnO2(s) + 2I−(aq) + 4H+(aq) → Mn2+(aq) + I2(aq) + 2H2O(l)

It was found that the iodine formed required 22.4 cm3 of 1.00 x 10−2 mol dm−3 sodium thiosulfate
solution to react completely with the iodine released.

i. Calculate the solubility of the oxygen in the river water in mol dm−3. [3]

ii. Calculate the solubility of the oxygen in the river water in ppm. This unit (ppm) is the same as mg dm−3. [1]

(d) When hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of sodium thiosulfate a precipitate of sulfur is formed.

Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → S(s) + SO2(g) + 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

The time taken for this precipitate to obscure a cross marked on a tile beneath a glass flask
containing the reactants is often used to follow the rate of the reaction.

i. Explain why this time is not directly related to the initial rate of the reaction. [1]

ii. Other than wearing glasses and protective clothing what additional safety precaution should be
followed when carrying out this reaction? [1]

© Dr. Geoffrey Neuss, InThinking


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