Answers to Computer Application Questions (BCA)
1. List and briefly explain the different types of operating systems
Operating systems can be categorized based on functionality and usage:
1. Batch OS: Processes batches of jobs without user interaction.
2. Time-Sharing OS: Shares system time among multiple users (e.g., UNIX).
3. Distributed OS: Manages a group of networked computers as one.
4. Network OS: Manages data and resources over a network (e.g., Windows Server).
5. Real-Time OS: Executes tasks in real-time for embedded systems.
6. Mobile OS: Designed for smartphones and tablets (e.g., Android, iOS).
7. Multi-user/Single-user OS: Supports one or many users depending on the system.
2. Describe the primary functions of an operating system and explain their importance
Primary functions of an OS include:
1. Process Management: Handles running tasks and resource allocation.
2. Memory Management: Manages system memory efficiently.
3. File System Management: Organizes and secures data storage.
4. Device Management: Controls hardware devices via drivers.
5. User Interface: Offers CLI or GUI for interaction.
6. Security: Protects system resources and user data.
7. Networking: Supports communication over networks.
8. Resource Allocation: Distributes system resources optimally.
These ensure efficient and secure operation of the computer system.
3. Explain the different types of computer networks, including their advantages and
disadvantages
1. LAN: Local connection; fast and cheap but limited in range.
2. MAN: Covers cities; broader coverage but expensive.
3. WAN: Connects globally; high reach but slow and costly.
4. PAN: Personal devices; easy to set up but limited to a few meters.
5. WLAN: Wireless LAN; mobile and flexible but less secure.
Each type serves different scales and has unique pros and cons.
4. Define antivirus software and explain its function, including how it detects and removes
malware
Antivirus is software that detects, prevents, and removes malware.
Functions:
- Scans files for known threats.
- Provides real-time protection.
- Updates virus definitions regularly.
Detection Methods:
- Signature-based: Matches known patterns.
- Heuristic: Detects suspicious code behavior.
- Behavior-based: Monitors for malicious actions.
It removes threats via quarantine or deletion and protects system integrity.
5. Describe the key features of a Database Management System (DBMS) and explain their
significance
DBMS manages structured data efficiently.
Key Features:
1. Data Storage/Retrieval: Fast access and organization.
2. Integrity: Maintains data accuracy.
3. Security: Uses access controls.
4. Abstraction: Simplifies data access layers.
5. Transactions: Ensures consistency (ACID rules).
6. Concurrency: Allows multi-user access.
7. Backup/Recovery: Protects against data loss.
8. Independence: Structure changes don't affect apps.
It enhances data reliability, security, and ease of access.
6. Discuss the concept of e-learning platforms, including their benefits and limitations
E-learning platforms offer online education (e.g., SWAYAM, Coursera).
Benefits:
- Accessible anytime, anywhere.
- Flexible and cost-effective.
- Engaging tools like quizzes and forums.
Limitations:
- Lack of personal interaction.
- Needs internet and tech knowledge.
- Self-discipline is essential.
- Hard to assess practical skills.
They improve educational reach but need hybrid methods for effectiveness.
