NUMBER SYSTEM
ANALOG SIGNAL VSDIGITAL SIGNAL
ANALOG SIGNAL VSDIGITAL SIGNAL
TYPES OF NUMBER SYSTEM
NUMBER SYSTEM
NUMBER SYSTEM BASE DIGIT USED
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM 10 (TOTAL NUMBER OF DIGITS 10)
0, 1
BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM 2 (TOTAL NUMBER OF DIGITS 2)
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM 8 (TOTAL NUMBER OF DIGITS 8)
HEXADECIMAL NUMBER 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F
SYSTEM 16 (TOTAL NUMBER OF DIGITS 15)
CONVERSION OF NUMBER SYSTEM
DECIMAL TO BINARY
CONVERT : (47) = ( ? )
10 2
DECIMAL TO BINARY
CONVERT : (47) = ( ? ) 2
10
CONVERT : (23) = ( ? ) 2
10
DECIMAL TO BINARY
CONVERT : (0.11088) = 2( ? )
CONVERT : (0.35) = ( ? ) 2
10
DECIMAL TO BINARY
CONVERT : (458.692) = ( ? ) 2
10
BINARY TO DECIMAL
BINARY TO DECIMAL
CONVERT : (1010) 2 = ( ? )10
BINARY TO DECIMAL
CONVERT : (10101) 2 = ( ? ) 10
BINARY TO DECIMAL
CONVERT : (0.1011) 2 = ( ? ) 10
BINARY TO DECIMAL
CONVERT : (11011011) 2 = ( ? ) 10
BINARY TO DECIMAL
DECIMAL TO OCTAL
CONVERT : (33) = ( ? ) 8
10
CONVERT : (123) 10 = ( ? ) 8
DECIMAL TO OCTAL
CONVERT : (0.342) 10= ( ? ) 8
DECIMAL TO OCTAL
CONVERT : (444.456) 10= ( ? ) 8
(444.456) 10 = (674.35136 ) 8
OCTAL TO DECIMAL
CONVERT : (123)8 = ( ? )10
CONVERT : (1907) 8 = ( ? ) 10
OCTAL TO DECIMAL
CONVERT : (37246) 8 = ( ? ) 10
CONVERT : (2754) 8 = ( ? ) 10
BINARY TO OCTAL
CONVERT : (11001.11) 2 = ( ? ) 8
CONVERT : (10010110101111.1011111) 2 = ( ? ) 8
BINARY TO OCTAL
CONVERT : (1011010111) 2 = ( ? )8
CONVERT : (10100111.100011) 2 = ( ? ) 8
OCTAL TO BINARY
CONVERT : (345) 8 = ( ? ) 2
CONVERT : (25) 8 = ( ? )2
DECIMAL TO HEXADECIMAL
CONVERT : (6958) = ( ? )
10 16
CONVERT : (3479) 10 = ( ? )16
DECIMAL TO HEXADECIMAL
CONVERT : (2545.342) 10 = ( ? )16
(2545.342)10 = (9F1.578D)16
HEXADECIMAL TO DECIMAL
CONVERT : (1AB) = ( ? )
16 10
CONVERT : (A7F4) 16 = ( ? )10
HEXADECIMAL TO DECIMAL
CONVERT : (A2F7) = ( ? ) 10
16
CONVERT : (A59C) 16 = ( ? ) 10
OCTAL TO HEXADECIMAL
OCTAL TO HEXADECIMAL
CONVERT : (123) 8 = ( ? ) 16
CONVERT : (175) 8 = ( ? ) 16
HEXADECIMAL TO OCTAL
CONVERT : (1AC) 16 = ( ? ) 8
CONVERT : (1A) 16= ( ? ) 8
Find r such that (121)r = (144)8 where r and 8 are the bases.
1448 = 1 . 82 + 4 . 81 + 4 . 80 = 64 + 32 + 4 = 100
121r = 1 . r2 + 2 . r2 + 1 . r0 = r 2 + 2r + 1
r 2 + 2r + 1= 100
(r + 1)2 = 100 = 102
r + 1 = 10
r=9
Convert any given number from any base to any other base.
Problem-01
Convert (2724)8 to ( ? )5
Step-01 Step-02
(2724)8 → ( ? )10 (1492)10 → ( ? )5
(2724)8
= 2 x 83 + 7 x 82 + 2 x 81 + 4 x 80
= 1024 + 448 + 16 + 4
= (1492)10
(2724)8 = (21432)5 (1492)10 = (21432)5
Problem-02
Convert (3211)4 to ( ? )5
Step-01 Step-02
(3211)4 → ( ? )10 (229)10 → ( ? )5
(3211)4
= 3 x 43 + 2 x 42 + 1 x 41 + 1 x 40
= 192 + 32 + 4 + 1
= (229)10
(3211)4 = (1404)5
(229)10 = (1404)5
Problem-03
Convert (1001001100)2 to ( ? )6
Step-01 Step-02
(1001001100)2 → ( ? )10 (588)10 → ( ? )6
(1001001100)2
= 1 x 29 + 0 x 28 + 0 x 27 + 1 x 26 + 0 x 25 + 0 x 24 +
1 x 23 + 1 x 22 + 0 x 21 + 0 x 20
= 512 + 64 + 8 + 4
= (588)10
(1001001100)2 = (588)10 (588)10 = (2420)6
(1001001100)2 = (2420)6
TYPES OF LOGIC
Positive Logic
➢ In positive logic representation Bit 1 represents Logic high and Bit 0 represent a Logic
low.
➢ High is represented by +5 Volts and low is represented by -5 Volts or 0 Volts.
Negative Logic
➢ In Negative logic representation Bit 1 represents logic low and Bit 0 represents
logic high.
➢ In terms of voltage level, bit 1 can be represented as +5V and bit 0 can be
represented as 0 V or -5 Volts.
Do It Yourself
1. Convert the following decimal numbers to binary.
a) 37 b) 28 c) 197.56 d) 205.05
2. Convert the following Octal numbers to Hexadecimal.
a) 256 b) 2035 c) 1762.46 d) 6054.263
3. Convert the following Hexadecimal numbers to Octal
a) 2AB b) 42FD c) 4F7.A8 d) BC70.0E
4. Convert the following Octal numbers to Decimal.
a) 463 b) 2056 c) 2057.64 d) 6534.04
5. Convert the following Decimal numbers to Octal.
a) 287 b) 3956 c) 420.6 d) 8476.47
6. Convert the following Hexadecimal numbers to
Binary. a) C20 b) F297 c) AF9.B0D
d) E79A.6A4
7. Convert the following binary numbers to hexadecimal.
a) 10110 b) 1011011011 c) 110110111.01111 d) 1101101101101.101101
8. Convert the following Hexadecimal numbers to Decimal.
a) AB6 b) 2EB7 c) [Link] d) [Link]
9. Convert the following Decimal numbers to
Hexadecimal. a) 452 b) 4796 c) 1248.56 d)
8957.75
10. Convert the following decimal numbers to binary.
a) 375.23 b) 524.21 c) 2197.56 d) 7205.305
