COMPUTER
PROTOCOL
WHAT IS A PROTOCOL ?
• Digital Language through which we
communicate with others on the
internet.
OR
• Set of mutually accepted rules for
proper exchange of information.
TYPES OF PROTOCOLS
• TCP/IP (Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol)
• DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol)
• DNS (Domain Name System)
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
• ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
• HTTP(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)
TCP/IP
• TCP (Transmission control protocol) is used for communication
over a network.
• Data is broken down into small packets and then sent
to the destination.
• IP (Internet Protocol) works with TCP .
• Also known as Addressing protocol.
• IP addresses these packets and shows them the route to
their destination.
IP make sure packets are transmitted to the right address.
FTP
• FTP (File transfer protocol) is basically used for
transferring files to different networks.
• There may be a mass of files such as text files,
multimedia files, etc.
• This way of file transfer is quicker than other
methods.
SMTP
• SMTP (Simple mail transfer protocol)
manages the transmission and
outgoing mail over the internet.
• SMTP is used for sending and receiving
e-mail.
HTTP
• HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) is based on
client and server model.
• HTTP is used for making a connection between
the web client and web server.
• HTTP shows information in web pages.
ARP
• ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is a network
protocol used to find out the hardware (MAC)
address of a device from an IP address.
• It is used when a device wants to communicate
with some other device on a local network.
DHCP
• DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a
client-server protocol.
• DHCP assigns an IP address to any device on a
network so they can communicate using IP.
DNS
• DNS (Domain Name Server) is the Internet's equivalent of
a phone book.
• They maintain a directory of domain names and
translate them to IP addresses.
WHY IS IT NECESSARY TO TRANSLATE THEM TO IP
ADDRESS ?
• This is necessary because, although domain names are
easy for people to remember, computers or machines,
access websites based on IP addresses.
• When you type in a web address,
e.g., [Link], your Internet Service
Provider views the DNS associated with the domain
name, translates it into a machine friendly IP
address (for example [Link] ) and directs
your Internet connection to the correct website.
