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Thermodynamics Worksheet

The document provides an overview of thermodynamics, including key definitions, laws, and processes related to energy and heat transfer. It outlines important equations for calculating heat, work, enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy, along with practice problems for application. A checklist is included to ensure understanding of key concepts and problem-solving techniques.

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26 views3 pages

Thermodynamics Worksheet

The document provides an overview of thermodynamics, including key definitions, laws, and processes related to energy and heat transfer. It outlines important equations for calculating heat, work, enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy, along with practice problems for application. A checklist is included to ensure understanding of key concepts and problem-solving techniques.

Uploaded by

ultimatedestroyer6278
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Thermodynamics

Worksheet
Basic Concepts
Definitions
● Thermodynamics: The study of energy, its transformations, and its relationship to
matter.
● System: The part of the universe under study.
● Surroundings: Everything outside the system.
● Universe: System + Surroundings.
● Energy: The capacity to do work or transfer heat.
● Heat: Transfer of thermal energy between objects at different temperatures.
● Work: Energy transferred when a force moves an object over a distance.

Units
Quantity SI Unit
Energy Joule (J)
Temperature Kelvin (K)
Heat Joule (J)
Work Joule (J)

Laws of Thermodynamics
First Law
● Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted.

Second Law
● The entropy of an isolated system tends to increase over time.

Thermodynamic Processes
Process Description Constant Property
Isothermal Process occurring at constant Temperature
Process Description Constant Property
temperature.
Isobaric Process occurring at constant Pressure
pressure.
Isochoric Process occurring at constant Volume
volume.
Adiabatic Process with no heat transfer into Heat
or out of the system.

Key Equations
Heat (q)
● q = mcΔT (where m = mass, c = specific heat capacity, ΔT = change in temperature)

Work (w)
● w = -PΔV (where P = pressure, ΔV = change in volume)

Enthalpy (H)
● H = U + PV (where U = internal energy, P = pressure, V = volume)

Entropy (S)
● ΔS = q/T (where q = heat transferred, T = temperature)

Gibbs Free Energy (G)


● G = H - TS (where H = enthalpy, T = temperature, S = entropy)

Practice Problems
1. Calculate the heat required to raise the temperature of 50 g of water from 25°C to
75°C. (Specific heat of water = 4.18 J/g°C).
2. If a system does 200 J of work and absorbs 150 J of heat, what is the change in
internal energy of the system?
3. A gas expands from 2 L to 6 L at a constant pressure of 2 atm. Calculate the work
done by the gas.

Checklist
Review the definitions of key terms.
Understand the laws of thermodynamics.
Practice solving thermodynamic problems.
Check the units in calculations.

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