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French Revolution Notes Class9

The French Revolution, which lasted from 1789 to 1799, ended absolute monarchy in France and ushered in democracy and nationalism. Key causes included social inequality, economic crisis, Enlightenment ideas, and a weak monarchy, while significant events included the formation of the National Assembly, the storming of the Bastille, and the abolition of the monarchy. Its impact included the end of feudalism, the rise of democratic ideals, and inspiration for revolutions worldwide.

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60 views2 pages

French Revolution Notes Class9

The French Revolution, which lasted from 1789 to 1799, ended absolute monarchy in France and ushered in democracy and nationalism. Key causes included social inequality, economic crisis, Enlightenment ideas, and a weak monarchy, while significant events included the formation of the National Assembly, the storming of the Bastille, and the abolition of the monarchy. Its impact included the end of feudalism, the rise of democratic ideals, and inspiration for revolutions worldwide.

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bajpaiparnika00
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Class 9 History - Chapter 1: The French Revolution

The French Revolution

The French Revolution started in 1789 and lasted until 1799. It marked the end of absolute monarchy and led

to the rise of democracy and nationalism in France.

Causes of the French Revolution:

1. Social Inequality: French society was divided into three estates. The First Estate (clergy) and the Second

Estate (nobility) enjoyed privileges while the Third Estate (commoners) bore the burden of taxes.

2. Economic Crisis: France faced a severe financial crisis due to costly wars and extravagant spending by the

monarchy.

3. Enlightenment Ideas: Philosophers like Rousseau and Voltaire inspired people to demand liberty, equality,

and fraternity.

4. Weak Monarchy: King Louis XVI was indecisive and failed to resolve the crisis, leading to public anger.

Events of the Revolution:

1. Estates-General Meeting (1789): The king called a meeting of all three estates to solve the financial crisis.

The Third Estate broke away and formed the National Assembly.

2. Fall of the Bastille (14 July 1789): The storming of the Bastille prison became a symbol of the revolution.

3. Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen: Adopted in August 1789, this document proclaimed freedom

and equal rights for all men.

4. Abolition of Monarchy: In 1792, the monarchy was abolished and France became a republic.

5. Reign of Terror (1793-1794): Led by Robespierre, thousands were executed for being 'enemies of the

revolution'.

6. Rise of Napoleon: The revolution ended in 1799 when Napoleon Bonaparte seized power and declared

himself the ruler.

Impact of the French Revolution:

1. End of feudalism and privileges of the nobility.

2. Rise of democratic ideas and nationalism.

3. Inspired revolutions in other countries.


Class 9 History - Chapter 1: The French Revolution

Conclusion:

The French Revolution was a turning point in world history. It challenged traditional authority and paved the

way for modern democratic societies.

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