Cinding Energy Energy aquired to dimoctate a nucless
into “ts constituents.
5 _ 6g. Onin rey 2h yt ee a
win - 26 Ht ut
- | eg: Ue ss ag sntue cel M4 ae Me fo a
4 ——
| mays 21 dima = Am Mass ah newton ove ama. vy
|. Enevag xelemed freaction mars ° proton, = 110073 amu
a “| “ty -aT 2 4b aoe
4 ovat x 16x10“ x x 3 x08 r (40) - '
‘= bok Mev t =
285.04 4 anu 5 U gf Ver 2056 MeV of energy.
31K coh U gives TMT (Pert font) —
the energy eal nebeared E —» 27. (KE oh ml
> 90°). (rndinbiny
vs Lt
Fission of smath nuclee -
pH tml He Bont + E CeesMey) |
2. Chiba)
“= consumes nes entra (aoein't give)
~ hawe woth woth al au bigot Clement a [sion seachions.
close Loop |Fudvacks coulrol systenn
___|__ open Loe - =
© Feed back couteot ayct en ~ CS esbvch has a prevtrrbed
| “ees ee
| ee control i, catd
| ates Giagiort 8 Moon ek Yeontoo? Tee diff
a bles. rence i npud ib ed ars tre
peor eee eee ee - ESS
:
=
actuating aks © Crore
Spo = Ce 0 6-6 if Hee output i reilee msicn
Or compared wir tre aeferen te input ton if ww
Catled oper Loop C-S- -
- at) He > Ow
ek).
Ope. Lop C$. are Atoble
jtomat & external
diotivoonces «
poe dimed nop myrte—
Asirility ie a maton Hae: ay
»
5)
4)
)
Closed Loop Syste ts mom eae Gfx loop aa
Fas! Woe eaten ips Ewe ditt fh OS
gulthaite -
pn Ciny OS Gane Simpl dustruthon ae fo moinnin.
neh “4 menada ere
| Foe ope Loop yiten ae ca ne Cali bration u mk immpesfant from 4 tye |
+5 Pine:
Ge g(t) a
Coundry conditions «
a +. ady + Say = be be
4 5 Ain A455
oO Linton - time - jnvatawt”
t) Linese time vation’
&) Nonlinear Hine imvasdant
4) Novlinear Gime variant Ayla +
dear time mv / osith Ady Lingle Input
“satin Aponte mw fo tine —
eSpace Appren che ! Binge utp va
* foe Aept CALS Iw “pulp. 4 of, supepesttion
ee approach 13 weed -
7 : —_ - -
PSE + Componer +h mea suring duvice te toma * fe ine Counter oP
site wocararod « aay
Li Saeap poopestien ¢
gpowtd wt Cate “t ditto w ee canis as
vce (wre ete. Converging Element) | Sent] =
VME (Variable Manipulation Elumeut)
DTE ie Travamitien Elenont)
DPE (dar Premulatiom Element) Cont &y stems
- Famebi'en Ap} me . 7
Xp dine (reecaut Ayton a
~ aye input and angle oe tpale a
| a + apy LaF QneiG' tay = bo KOE‘ IY. Hing % + by
‘ (nym)
Trew
ais Yr ovcpat oe inputs _
ZL ( Baya » On) (by
| Ze nial cond i Hon) oo
- ps ag =
GS) = XCD bys sets = tbe a
5) B+ AUSHTE = +A,
eS te -
a j as Gaye
- | - ee §-plame = 6 + JOO
nl Tn Meany
| . * hee 3
oo 5 ee
i (ae yg
_ _ oO -
G0) = lin Glsras) G0). ten &G0) — sty
“Tp dtd | a gs ann feck 7
| ase eae as a ASS Ee
: BS jOw
| bine 4463) - On AGgly
; 4540 AT Aya jac"
| = AGG) = OG, jd \Gy) :
OG, 2G Oy _ =F ha tay - Riemann
?
Conctebion
: — —
06 ~ a0 ae Ow | :
—_ BO —_TWamafer Fux ction
Gu = ()
sti
S= er jw, :
Ge = F (64) ~jwo
Cs +1) + foo (CH )*4 gore
Gq oH, Gt 2
(Cu) 400% + CH) pot!
Binge. port .
— Zeros :
— Petes
Petebco © Paints on Hae S plew- ar utuen Git) is amaly bie
Cattes a ordinary pens
Points in He 8. plane at uth Gis) is not | aecatyhic tote)
fa Alagulay pethtr o0>5
Gingutar peiata at wha acy & iH dba valves appeent,
inbeal ty axe cated pole,
Singular poitt AF wivith Gli) =O are Cotud Zerots —
Te ppc TF 1K poe property of Ayton aud if 14
indepencleat” 4, Hu magiucfne aud naling of inputs
and Akiving porur.
The TEs choern’t provide aes information Conteris
tue pluysi cat Atruchare of He Ayden
un TF ‘for om ‘ "Cod be
For a bnoion TF the mature of Hae system cau be
| unctetatrod “ind Aespowats for different Inputs Cau he |
Ghtacnd *
The TE Con be watohbiibed ty per
known pale sk my ia wpa
ng @
ie)
ede
Aduwatt + used ie peacating fom
© Rakion “ate (ie ne of ‘postdtes tedeegorg h Utvie SS
pr mth volume poo uth tine )
RQ. = -~AAH _ HUNT = AMoVv
Adu
. 5; E, mim © (W/m?)
Comte? Systems
Bleck _ Diag ewe C [tow enact lead of )
Lt is prctewal acptosentation Of a function
bvexy tompontnt awd Mae How of Mynale , Hre contro
ays One Atprtrent ed Hrrousle bloug yen
Furcal block —> A pttbtnd fuse ‘on
(s)
B(s) = Gees) Aw)
Summing Iplecte ~ Ade | Subtract agnrls
> + ces)
AG)
“ Fuslow power dein ty,
ia
| eu» CCH) = Als) - RIS)
Yaouch Point * fotnt from where Bifrate an tele
to ote for Ponal pout o Buramnay
pom
MF Gh ce
. branes point
= a Gi A L eaeery our )
: ao a iC aly are
ate t) Sew
a schualor Main part 4, contr! Bysteon
4) Grtroller Ec
mw x _ i ;
rH | & ay 5 K-44 GG 2
yd Go ea em i
7a eos ce :
Ze Ge ! +. ae
RG) Eu) ee =
| Gif Es --
| 86) [us)je—I Beck dg digiae of clereR
CCs) = E(s)G(s) > ow -
Bis) = HICH) i en -
| Kab (y= Rey - es)
4p CG) - GG) —GQG) |
[ROD 1+ G6) KO |
@ | SL end foun
—[& ee een
| _
©) Few epee
| cos GO) HO).
EG) ~ a
2 HG) = Stenson ) | i
¢ Oe
a GG) | fad forward pep
Unity fasnects outset fonction CHO) = I) jive aecseuh
ft fron if fot fos opr ep oy. 3 Produce for constructi a blocks Di'ngra a
O) whale matiewelcat wt frat duchess He dunamce
Behaviour of each Component :
@) Take Laplace Transform of equatinn A 8S tim ng 2eh0
Initial Condition - .
i) Represent tach Laplae tramifeunr 4? indev)
th each Weck: b meaty
® Avemite thre loaned ty cornplle 4hock, Ailey tacen
RC Crcutt
x
ere aoe ea er Ri =1Go?
po tt eho
T(s) = els) - G05) 2 R
5 TR i ®
t) te fiat 5 Gt) = IG) ge -
i © : Cars ©
QO [ Ve et) 6
| és) : aan \
ae VG — Els)
bw (S?) Pe-[ Ye yoo om
EEE
df -
Af +0
vi
Fer_mest ptobabi veterity,
2 Vingp = [2 kot
oe
eg. Te Qook, Onyqerr (Or) z
Vongp (02) =
2x 138 x10
F844 als
ME 826 (Control Systems)
=F
> excilakion
mij = “ult d- Fe -F,
“Ap plye et Lape Timefomalic, T
io
kay > Fes) ee
tsya) = Rls)
ms?y(s) =
Uw.
S uw) - ky(s) ~ Cs yet
m2
Uls) — Fycs) ~ Fees)
FO)
\—. Yio
T Fics
=4Cs)
ms*y G+ Cs yrs) +. KY(s) = U9)
— Exes)
W, anc F)
}_» 42 yo |
oe
— @&-0) = _ fo
Yt Myst yn 9 (RO) + My's =e . =|
Ys = GI = GriCk-0) + GH Ys
SMe ae
= G:%4 = Go agstOn
Sef Gitte 0) + GMs ia
| a
YeGagp C e -. GG (kc): 14,6 Hy, C
Ye AC/6) Gs sf ms
fy) R (je : —
7 \ — f Lu ehion
oT ee
oti.
| Res) a ees fea —69--[i [qe + CO)
Tt _
| :
Cis) = Seen te —— ()
R20, dos) — Cols)
Dis)=0, RS) — Cals) ee -
knca PYG, = Op - :
| 2) DG, =o 144 HC ——
| st ty 1+ 44,4) —
| co
14G,G,H
4 =
~ TEGH -
GiGo
IAG GH
= Grd + GOR
- C#G.G,4.
ale alo ale
2 Vater
Ie veel alt) = a
Me
tn
Mate (pace eo
Mate spare equahions ¢
() Onpul variables —* Uiskys ~~ 9 ¥r
1) Gulput vanabs— Yig4r, -- 9m
S) Mate Ee Hy ha5 ~~ 29 An
j =e Ha Eos
o_ @
24
po = 4 ut) — £ a, Kx
co im ener
dina 9 - -2 Ym
$iGrs op,
° F f2(%ig---- 5 Map Uy’ of
\
= ft (315 2» An 9 Wig lay aut) = > Etxsunt) = Wate e
424 C%y 29 Mag hy ~~
Yat ga Ctig = 2-9 hag alg. n ter
YU = Gutta We
Ce uurpre inh
xe) = 40) xq) Eee) we)
i y XO) + peyu® —
|
: : |
| Yn de (4g = 9 tng Uy gtr EY) | otto cycle ig move effraent tt oan
aT
|
7 L (Ul, > mu), fhe 5 same Compression vaho,
| :
“gd nb 926 = Gutsel Suge
| ght ayn te nn + tod any = bit + betty
i
Zz XH) = AW Xb) E BES ULE) -
i YE) = C&)xb) + De) ult)
Pb aye wR Mat Aa = bet bey doll ste)
ST Qteg = 22 Ma)
State vanable Vt
Sk
yr x c “
> [10 00.-.] %
| Wese State Apace Peprrrtert aah on Tt ee duncher
Uinta fine dnvartenet , arth
Single cutpat mystens +
Xa) = Ax) + Bul)
Y(t) = Cx) + Dult)
Loplace Trams form :
SX) - X(o) = AXG) + BLS)
Yu) = CX®@ + DUG)
: TF. 3 Ys)
(ST-4) x6) = Bu ue)
> Xs) = (IEA)! BUS)
YU) = C CST-A)"B UC) + DUG)
Yo) ~ ¢ (Sf-A4y4B + D = GCs)
UG)
GW = C aj(A) B ED
(St- 4]
ing mass damping system: mie eg ty = ull)
[3] > Een am dL] * ff)"
FG olny
(ms* test k) Yes) = U(s) ”
Gtsy = YO) =: '
1.
UID Const 08 4) ey Te) se
&] fo.) ey fay
een | eceee eed
ay * 4 ~4){ *s po
Ss Yon = 1
St4 bS 4k. a mst ye bsrk _
™ 5 e - -
L Find the Trans fer Fumclion for fo tas following systems: | Su = bu-hy
“ $ Xs) = bUCs)~bYCS)
| % = butt) — b y(t) > A= bx, +bul)
| woe 5
junata bien .
SK 4= 4, Fauna .
% > Ab aut) eary(t) co
a, Fm an, +a ult)
By Ee Ib) (©
yeu [1 In] ystems ee a
5: Control Ss
The. ty cree trace Lf. bo Cote tpore equation)
EE Yeu | Y
Gite (S+z7 4.1 ) - -
S4P GK ¢ s rar ety
Flad We «late gpace equation —
Stz
“Srp
Tew beak ke Ce elt — Modem Coubrot Tung =
Read: Sicin 2-1, 262 23,24 25
Sete ee "AeO-L, A22- 1, A-2-4,4
A-2-9, 4-2-10,4 aN, B-
B-1-1,-t-84 B-2-9, B- 2:
ol
Mathenabicat Modeltivg a - es
| Fy a bot —
tt Wo
pm vo ca mit Kin + Cny-4,) 46/4, = ul
Pkt) ¥
Ky (%-*)
Com, ] Amity my, + Ky M2 ky (4, —%,) + bg 4320
Key t la
mH Urey Hy ia, tb, = Wt)
My t (GHG) n, —Ky a, tbs > O Pind Bal Fe
and then $
the system
Ne
ult)
weedy d's TE we anatytic or net.
transfer function - Ye5)
late space cquabions a Wathed) oF Hae, cortrotel action.
eee] 7 eT 1
| pustomatie oulvotr ShOL) aa = |
| Compan dacs Avid watpest fo Apeuneh input +
+ Cowlaat actions {iit ie |
! Om - of 2) Prspertiional 5) wed 4) Dintvatine
Propetinnl - plus, — twkegrat ©) Propertionst =pls< derivative |
Re plus Adviviadice = (3s
oY Upon employed 1 pladate:centyotied
{agra — | Wk atala Dau = a
g wf “J+ ult) ut) EY, at) r0
¢ uc) =u, , db
=K,tW +UXK, det)
ad i“ ~ Setonant
44 |
pee
VS 2K (1 + Tyas
E(s) °( ‘ =
PLD Control’ 4
Ut) = kpelth + Ke fel) dt = k Tad et)
a PLS Late 8° at
VG) 2 KCL + ied zs
EG)” rf = ae Eledonie mntrsotterr ane har’ elcebet at eee
deri quid fe ex ecuti cba wate mot cat cttow
Haat ee gore, contisl actions -
The main Ompenuet of Ha tleetnicat erent’ io He Operational
Ansplif (op-amp ) ne uf
An Op amp (4 an vattnge wth Gch - eviee demignid rata
for chs wte Wee win externag vbactt components Loke
susiaters £' capacitous bfow it's outpud | input inp terminals -
Thc_fedbact compo nent, Beton toe
_funchion of Hae ep-aump - hap
peers vanity of Disses ho Me rome Bo
operational aaa pli fier —
7 |The Spo A ees device Hoot uw
Commpenkel of 2 wetgl ienpedence imparts thc are
investing amd nom - investing inputs. the #ricrel
feuniel Ly Hu cutput pert Hust cou be bette
Reurte ond aiuk et fer a_vellage er tunrtnf
True cor be 4 44 peo of) Op-ommps
Oy els 2 Melo tees
© torr In 2 awe. onf
© vt. tr 2 Cus ewk
@Q wer Mm £ (an oxen ae
Hue we vit use Wits type Voltage Tn +
Veteage Out, vy inverling inpuk
Via” . .
. ee -— Vig
invadiin 4 Vout
input (Vid-Va)kewe 3) (0-2) Ke, 9 e's
fal goo
ieee
(Mid = Via) K = Vout
k~ 108, phen freq. < 101 :
beth AC, DC. :
Koy
ka ‘athe hy
As the gain ample fier ig vi haga these i
no acal m9 of At Fuhr, Wage ~ Velie
Paley, fre arnplt powvtable a ik if hard fo
toutsot Small input ¥ + To reduce Hae differential
ain negative feed back v8 gunevnllg Use tshveh |,
¢ pau of foie peeten Sh He ops
a Leek’ } wegahive or invedh’y Bap
Humidal aw external pdb act Dustoe WE
nomen a tea ts Loop chro fi piifaer soe
ina cloud Ths bored Loop ekt Ly ¢
of giuwds - “sen 2 @nwn- a
Oraiplafulers + ; oe Seen eee - af
nye ——______
OS
Mt Vee ~
— - Z
SE
— a
lene y ao See 7
| * a
ate
, —e
a 5
7 — -
Trvesting epamp.
ti-@el, , @-& 2h
Rg, R.
ale
R
5 Lecontrof (inkeyator edeett)
ub) = k; felty at
=f, Gl s1 bs)
— cs arm
tt) = - Ets) Cs See -
| 16) * 1,0) — a -
| Bers Wy mead a
@'- &, pals
R
> L6G) 2 - 1b)
— K
Sy = T,¢s)
ts Els) = - Sols) .
q
— — Res __ 4iy feb
6 of aH. Te)
—j—(4i=e') = 1 figdt > Elss= Lt) 2 Biles ho
ME 325 : Control Sytouns =
PD Contyotler i
Zo
& Ry
oreo. fereey oe S
ele, = i o -£&, mo = f(s) _ 2
' a hy a
€ . -k ceo pee (Eq Re\ (14 RCs) |
Ei, Ee Ree
q =
Us). Kp (i+ Ys)
eG) fe =f
Wt) = kek) + ky dew i
dt
Controller in Ce,
(ee) = Rel t uw Side
? -EG) =(e+ 1) tls) = /I4 (Ls Bs) Ly)
cs
-&G) Cs. £6)
[4 e,¢8 be Re (4 eC )
Bs UR Cs
ull) = Kee) tke (e@mes a
iG)
Ets)
he Ae
— CaS
' ae os at]
wt) = Kee) + ky del seb) p ke feeidt
ai.
UO. K {14 us +
E(s) ws
: {ts te + 7 Tash
“Ts 7
pyr Fete oti |
e—* Bg ky = (Ont Se) — {otf
& wive t
uty
Ki
ran
citowy af
fhe alate - pee ‘quabons
ved —_—
ME S21 (Applied, ae sy
He aythe and abso durive
FF j—> Reto —
- hub: machen = - —
from fluid fo feast a
energy 0 7 — att fur “ft -
ye Nyda — Turbines — = Pimps; Greene) >70
teawn Tui, ge cay, —"Exbndedl
Gao Taroine [4-10 Phau ha
| Fuser producing Power Absorbing
Ou Hae barts of
- [nes
natiire O| ad:
ibe (Liq) HT» Pass » Fane » 2 WT, LP Blower
~ lonapunible AP, ST, ap t pee (yeves
Ga te been of application:
a
: . mydioehic
Trek
cop
——
GT MT
|
ie een,
Input Raachien
Conbrifugad
Ania
Lmpulse [Rx
Tunerne
i
Purmp
I
eT
ot ecg
Mixed
, et ed ee ee ee oe a a oe foe oh bevaibat numpowons
| tot Aged ~ Tn practice, tpt to & syrbem are
Scaced by dome standard, inputs we,
nalg. The actual dapat to a syste
lan be cit tet by Linear tombinahin tof Hire tet
| Aignals - Wa
Parabolic ~input o : = —
fe) = t%2,tZO '
= 6 > to
Ke Minusovdal —Lrput 7
- i (t) = A Maw — ——
Jn
Ry
- eater
a :
-—- (6 lt-a)ar sy, a
Cis) Gu) — an
“ROY $$.
w=), 66V= G6) a
First order sysem, .
jt ay = bx : ;
Uo. (2 > a - Kk
x6 = a 15a a a
Cw). 1 - : —
RO) 14s t - Veit ep input -e a(t) = 1, 70 _
Rs) 2 Ys
& Cs) = a
C(t) = G . elr)
tro, Ct) =0
6@i= 4
fu Feb.
a
on, 7
Double aampling pla : -
Arauiatial Procers loutref :
vel [ae CO) Renton Caines
Pe komm @) Airignable Counts.
ee
123 456
Day.
Cuwtrel Uimat Thuorenr -
Ge= GMa Uh te trl from a random
C. wn Population foliuus a homal distadbution
4-D- Of mean
K-chaxt with R-chak
Take k samplio of Hee n- Typicateg m= 55 K= 20.
Fer each k Aawaple 4 ud out mean X;
Find Ri = lene te lb
a qe Se:
tH ? fer PF eee
;
me $25 - Control Systems
Fivst_order_system : 4.
ce) - i =
ge * Cras) 5
Ht)
Cregeen '
'+Ts + dy
£8) -fi-¢ ‘/t)
et) = r@)-ct) = ent
jest 20
| © —@—_ {BIG cw
| Gs te
cos) ic \#Ts
| Te 2 Ke
RG) HG teeghts
= <@ . _ “ue ke
@ eee ee ws
R tr Te tetas s
fpr Ap function, rh) 21, £70 <
qs 2 Ve pe CQ) ke
Oi he rtbabddeain wh ih 4
(astereeas
Ge K (1-e"*/m)
ct) = tee ee inet
hy THK, ?
fete renpewres
Unit Camp Input + HY Et fort Zo
= 0 fn to
ee ee ee
Reh
Av) ceo faa) n> (te
4 ce)
Kt)-—clt)
YY elt)
t(i-e Wt
VAY 4+ 0, e(t) =
ered OES: D'———
- (w= ft . T)
CA 7 (a)
let
=
Stiond -order system,
migcie kn su) k
ec) =
2 XxX)
UG) © mst
Km
tes
“« ch
ste 68+ Kin
cat wr
5 Ate
oe s+ LE was toy - +
Coz Lenten
2 22 7
re
y lin 3 a Gen Wn = = mone
a Cys haat ep iapet 9 RL
(nn 7 ster +e Ss
‘ f Fens -
ar os 1 setbey 7
s SLE G,Stoyt “84 2K a5 + Et
Sy SHB a
Ciae 2 Gena te
| = en a = (Sx Bean) faye
=
2 |)
(a en
wy rt-€ es ( “ree (+5 ~alteny
Sige * nt fon Vie
-¢@ Sout (fe cost Tuan +),
on
EN tat te 5
pee), Ft
teem YOuvA s
elt) = rt) -et) ; .
= 5 ent tos (yt td) 9
vI-e 5
tn, elt) =o. \
\
te 2 Fe alr 238] Lorents fore bw)
Fa one trary d. parbote | Fa afer Ex 8] Create
7 cetona__loes fpr ary ee ple
| PEG) (=> BP(moy 2b) oa. velit of Me chee
BBG = P(t) Biz elute fet /
| NO te at Bignebe fe }
Maxwell's juatlons a ie Wane iG
| WE = B eee (Gani (ow ) 7 Y
€ . : [:
ee ao ee [
one = = ;
28 -vxee aC 's bw ) k
| e - x BE 7:
4. yt 2 0X6 - (Borgen = Manuel equafions )
436
ct at
— ‘
ee charge density (Clem) _ ‘
€, + permittivity of fre spau { = 885X107! ($1 units ) \
! \
\
oe toc .
ang,
| Me: pameabil ty of poe apace 2 4n nol tm) i
To current densit (Atm)
Ct spud of bight —luwlgh | mpeg: Contiol Systema
Second 6: der Aystem ui C() ot a
RY 7 +2 EWn SHOn
ecl
C= 4 - $4 §% ao
| s (s+ Bony + oot (Sr §a,y bor
| =
| ct) = 1- oe Yat)
| | ek) = {nll =e) :
| | e j : vo eat + rg)
| too, eb) =O
fe =
pe@ee eet ees
© Gren s, ok
| = a
| SEOn (5+ SY
ey) 2 pee mt(1 tot) -
40 , et) = 0
€71 oo
ew = pe
S
6+) Gt $2)
| Speman cueivin =)
ye tp es !
CG 3 ‘ARS ree ~ Fass}
Cb) = [4 on (”
2 Hh on Pe l6 porte Hun system yo unstable
+ tee aetative value of Aj Aton hee Aalative importonce of hee
e
componls _ a - 4
: Ha closed Loop pole YW mur a dosed Loop 2er0- bum He
wesidue Ws small -
jo ¢ plow
dala + Joo
She =
ot Be? ME 32d (Indurbuial brag \- _
wo |
I} He closed Loop pj —? real 4. complex cong f
— (5) = 4, —_ —
2 4, Sw, (s+
2g ee
+S Gia
PFI St BE caps + -
eft tS bel clay
= ge nl TEE)
Une Boundary
wk “tark time(s) Precedence
& Is =
6 23 A
7 6
> 42 B
é Is 8
& 37 c
a s dt -
2 (2 FG
1 34 W
4 27 M
K 18 tod
L 7
Total 152
Th one d
Avarlabte Lovting fim, = 490 mbrutes,
Customer demand = 500
TAKT Times Available wortting ime _ ago , 0-96 minh
Customer demand 990 - 57.65
fo a ME_ 325. (Contvol Systems)
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peel Kw a a “fe us a hoop inal
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F238
type-0 ee Omg eetco =
types Ky = K_, _
type-t 1 & _ -
Css how pach bolic bt = = 7
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ROS) <4 _
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40 FE FGINY Bin FGI) sls) Ka
Ome ice ene
Aly AK Constant — '
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