CROWD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING

COMPUTER VISION

Software Requirement Specification

Version 1.1

Prepared By
GROUP- 6
SANJAI K VAIKKAN -TOC21CS086
SAINA Z -TOC21CS083
MOHAMMED IMRAN ASHRAF -TOC21CS063
MUHAMMED ANZAB K A -TOC21CS065

GUIDED BY
ASST PROF SREEJA S

1
 Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Toc H Institute of Science & Technology
Arakkunnam

Document Control Data Sheet

Project CROWD
Code MANAGEME
NT SYSTEM
USING
OPENCV

Project CROWD
Name MANAGEME
NT SYSTEM
USING
COMPUTER
VISION

Document Software
Name Requirement
Specification

Version 1

File Name
crowd_manag
ement_using_
openCV_SRS.

2
 doc

Classificati Confidential
on

Toc H Institute of Science

Client
and Technology,
Arakkunnam

Name Signature & Date

SANJAI K VAIKKAN
Prepared By
SAINA Z
MOHAMMED IMRAN
ASHRAF

MUHAMMED ANZAB
KA

Reviewed By

Approved By
All people who are ready to use crowd management
ssystem.
Distribution List

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS PAGE NO.

3
 1.INTRODUCTION.......................................................................7

1.1 Purpose....................................................................................................................7

1.2 Intended Audience...................................................................................................7

1.3 Scope of Project.......................................................................................................7

1.4 Glossary...................................................................................................................8

1.5 References................................................................................................................9

1.6 Overview of Document............................................................................................9

2 OVERALL DESCRIPTION..............................................................11

2.1 System Environment.......................................................................................12

2.2 Product Perspective..............................................................................................12

2.3 Product Functions..................................................................................................13

2.3 User Characteristics...............................................................................................14

2.4 Development Environment...................................................................................15

2.5 Constraints.............................................................................................................17

3 REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION……………..………….....18

3.1 External Interface Requirements…………………………………………………19

3.1.1 User Interfaces……………………………………………………………..20

3.1.2 Hardware Interfaces……………………………………………………......21

3.1.3 Software Interface…………………………………………………………..22

3.2 Functional Requirements……………………………………………………...23

4 SYSTEM FEATURES……………………………………………………25

4.1 Software Requirements Collected From Actors………………………….....……26

4.2 Use Case Diagram………………………………………………………......…….26

5 OTHER NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS…………………...26

5.1 Performance Requirements……………………………………........................… 27

5.2 Security Requirements……………………………………....................……........28

6 UML DIAGRAMS……………………………………………………….29

4
 LIST OF FIGURES

5
NO. Title Page No

2.1 Crowd management environment 9

2.2 Use Case Diagram 14

LIST OF TABLES

6
NO. Title Page No

1.1 Glossory 9
1.2 Software Requirements Collected From Actors 14

1.INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE

7
Our purpose is to revolutionize crowd management by
employing a comprehensive solution that synergizes Python,
OpenCV, Streamlit, and the Haar Cascade Algorithm.
Through this integration, we harness the power of webcams
to provide real-time crowd monitoring and analysis, enabling
stakeholders to identify and address potential safety
concerns swiftly. Leveraging Python's versatility and
OpenCV's robust computer vision capabilities, our system
accurately detects and tracks individuals in crowded
environments, even amidst challenging conditions. With
Streamlit, we offer an intuitive interface for users to visualize
data and make informed decisions, facilitating proactive
interventions and long-term planning. Ultimately, our
solution aims to enhance public safety, streamline event
operations, and contribute to the creation of safer and more
resilient communities through data-driven crowd
management strategies.

1.1 Intended Audience

This comprehensive solution on Crowd Management with
Python, OpenCV, Streamlit, and the Haar Cascade Algorithm
is designed for a wide audience, including security
professionals, event organizers, urban planners, and law
enforcement agencies. By leveraging the power of computer
vision and real-time data processing, this system offers a
robust tool for enhancing crowd management and ensuring
public safety. It provides functionalities such as crowd
density analysis, anomaly detection, and crowd flow
monitoring using webcams. With its user-friendly interface
developed on Streamlit, users can easily access and
interpret the data generated by the system, enabling timely
decision-making and proactive intervention when necessary.

8
Whether it's managing large gatherings, monitoring public
spaces, or enhancing security measures, this solution offers
a scalable and efficient approach to address the challenges
associated with crowd management in diverse
environments.

1.2 Scope of Project

The Scope of Project entails the development of a Crowd Management
solution leveraging Python, OpenCV, Streamlit, and the Haar Cascade
Algorithm. This comprehensive system is designed to utilize webcams for
real-time monitoring and analysis of crowd dynamics. By harnessing the
power of computer vision, the solution will detect and track individuals
within a crowd, identify potential anomalies or safety concerns, and
provide actionable insights to enhance crowd management strategies.
Through intuitive interfaces facilitated by Streamlit, stakeholders will have
access to visualizations and alerts, enabling swift responses to ensure
public safety and optimize crowd control measures.

Advantages

● Real-Time Monitoring
● Accurate Identification
● Intuitive User Interface:
● Enhanced Efficiency

Drawbacks

● Hardware Dependency: The solution heavily relies on the availability

and quality of hardware components such as webcams or cameras,
potentially leading to limitations or inaccuracies in crowd
monitoring.
● Processing Overhead: Computer vision algorithms like the Haar
Cascade Algorithm can be computationally intensive, requiring

9
 powerful hardware resources and potentially causing performance
bottlenecks.
● Environmental Factors: Factors like lighting conditions, occlusions,
and crowd density can affect the accuracy and reliability of the
system, posing challenges to effective crowd detection and tracking.
● Privacy Concerns: Continuous video surveillance raises privacy
concerns, requiring careful consideration of compliance with privacy
regulations and ethical implications surrounding the collection and
processing of visual data.

1.2 Glossary

Term Definition

Crowd Management The process of overseeing and

controlling large gatherings of
people in order to maintain order,
safety, and security.

Python A high-level programming

language known for its simplicity
and readability, commonly used for
web development, data analysis,
artificial intelligence.

10
OpenCV Open Source Computer Vision
Library, a widely-used open-source
computer vision and machine
learning software library, providing
tools and algorithms for image and
video processing

A Python library used for building

Streamlit
interactive web applications for
data science and machine learning
projects, allowing developers to
create and share data-driven
applications quickly and easily.

A machine learning-based object

detection algorithm used for
detecting objects in images or
Haar Cascade Algorithm
video streams, particularly well-
suited for detecting faces and
other predefined patterns.

Table 1.1 Glossary

1.3 References
● https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277935750_People_Counting_at_Campuses .
● https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228437591_Real-
time_people_counting_system_using_a_single_video_camera
● https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
359368941_An_Intelligent_Motion_Detection_Using_OpenCV
● https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
246112302_Evaluation_of_people_counting_systems

11
1.4 Overview of Document
The document titled "Crowd Management with Python, OpenCV, Streamlit,

and Haar Cascade Algorithm" presents a comprehensive solution

leveraging the integration of Python, OpenCV, Streamlit, and the Haar

Cascade Algorithm to address crowd management challenges effectively.

By harnessing the capabilities of webcams, this solution aims to optimize

crowd control measures and enhance public safety. Through real-time

analysis and monitoring, the system can detect and track crowd

movement, density, and potential anomalies, enabling authorities to

implement timely interventions and mitigate risks effectively. This

innovative approach not only streamlines crowd management processes

but also contributes significantly to ensuring the safety and well-being of

individuals in public spaces.

2. OVERALL DESCRIPTION

2.1 System Environment

The System Environment for Crowd Management with Python,

OpenCV, Streamlit, and the Haar Cascade Algorithm provides a

robust solution for enhancing public safety through efficient

crowd management. Leveraging webcams, this comprehensive

system employs Python for scripting, OpenCV for image

processing, Streamlit for user interface development, and the

Haar Cascade Algorithm for object detection. By continuously

monitoring crowds in real-time, the system can detect and

analyze crowd patterns, densities, and anomalies. It enables

12
authorities to proactively respond to potential risks, such as

overcrowding or suspicious behavior, thereby ensuring a safer

environment for the public. Additionally, the system facilitates

data-driven decision-making by providing valuable insights into

crowd dynamics and trends, aiding in the optimization of

resource allocation.

Figure :2.1 Crowd Management system using Computer vision

2.2 Product Perspective

The Crowd Management solution leverages Python, OpenCV, Streamlit,
and the Haar Cascade Algorithm to offer a robust approach to public
safety. By harnessing the power of webcams, this comprehensive
system provides real-time monitoring and analysis of crowd dynamics.
Through advanced computer vision techniques, it can detect and track
individuals within a crowd, identify potential risks or anomalies, and
facilitate prompt intervention when necessary. With its intuitive
interface powered by Streamlit, users can easily access and interpret
data, enabling efficient decision-making for ensuring public safety in
various environments, from public events to transportation hubs. This
innovative solution not only enhances crowd management but also

13
 contributes significantly to the overall security infrastructure.It offers the
following product perspectives:

● Advanced Technology Integration: Integrates Python

programming language, OpenCV for computer vision tasks,
Streamlit for creating interactive web applications, and the Haar
Cascade Algorithm for precise object detection.
● Real-time Monitoring and Analysis: Utilizes webcams for
continuous real-time monitoring of crowd dynamics. Through
sophisticated computer vision algorithms, it can detect and track
individuals within a crowd, enabling prompt intervention in case
of emergencies or suspicious activities.
● Risk Identification and Anomaly Detection: Employs advanced
analytics to identify potential risks and anomalies within the
crowd. By analyzing crowd behavior patterns, it can detect
unusual activities and alert authorities for timely intervention.
● User-friendly Interface: Features an intuitive interface powered
by Streamlit, allowing users to easily access and interpret the
gathered data. The user interface provides real-time
visualizations and analytics, facilitating quick decision-making for
effective crowd management.
● Adaptability: The solution is adaptable to various environments,
including public events, transportation hubs, stadiums, and
crowded public spaces. It can be customized to meet the specific
requirements and scalability needs of different locations.
● Enhanced Public Safety: By providing a comprehensive approach
to crowd in management and safety, the solution significantly
enhances public safety in diverse settings. It contributes to the
overall security infrastructure by enabling proactive intervention
and response to potential threats.

2.3 Product Functions

The Crowd Management performs the following functions:

● Real-time Crowd Monitoring: The system continuously monitors

crowd dynamics in real-time using webcams and computer vision
algorithms.
● Object Detection and Tracking: Utilizes the Haar Cascade Algorithm
and advanced computer vision techniques to detect and track
individuals within the crowd.
● Anomaly Detection: Identifies potential risks and anomalies within
the crowd, such as overcrowding, sudden movements, or suspicious
behavior.

14
 ● Alerting and Notification: Alerts authorities or designated personnel
in case of emergencies or security threats detected within the
crowd.
● Interactive Visualization: Provides an intuitive user interface
powered by Streamlit for visualizing real-time crowd data, including
crowd density, flow patterns, and identified anomalies.

2.5 User Characteristics

Understanding the user characteristics is essential for designing a user-
friendly and effective Crowd Management solution. Here are the key
user characteristics:

Security Personnel:
● Experienced in crowd management and security protocols.
● Require real-time updates on crowd dynamics and potential
threats.
● Need intuitive tools for monitoring, analysis, and decision-
making during events or emergencies.
Event Organizers:
● Responsible for planning and coordinating events, ensuring
safety and security.
● Require insights into crowd behavior and flow to optimize
event logistics and resource allocation.
● Need tools for preemptive planning and post-event analysis to
enhance future event management.
Law Enforcement Agencies:
● Tasked with maintaining public safety and security.
● Require access to real-time crowd data and alerts for rapid
response to security incidents or emergencies.
● Need tools for coordinating with other agencies and managing
crowd-related law enforcement operations.
Facility Managers:
● Oversee the security and operations of venues such as
stadiums, transportation hubs, and public spaces.
● Require tools for monitoring crowd density, flow patterns, and
potential safety hazards within their facilities.
● Need insights into crowd behavior to optimize facility layouts
and crowd management strategies.
Emergency Responders:
● Respond to emergencies and incidents within crowded
environments.

15
 ● Require real-time updates on crowd conditions and potential
hazards to plan and execute emergency response operations.
● Need tools for coordinating with other responders and
managing crowd-related emergencies effectively.

2.6 Development Environment

Creating a robust Crowd Management solution requires a well-
planned development environment that supports collaboration, testing,
and deployment. Here's a suggested development environment:

Programming Languages and Frameworks:

● Python: Utilize Python as the primary programming language
for its versatility and extensive libraries, especially for tasks
like computer vision and web development.
● OpenCV: Use OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision Library)
for image processing, object detection, and tracking.
● Streamlit: Leverage Streamlit for building interactive web
applications with Python, providing an intuitive user interface
for crowd management.
● TensorFlow or PyTorch: Incorporate deep learning frameworks
like TensorFlow or PyTorch for advanced crowd analysis tasks
such as behavior recognition or anomaly detection.
Integrated Development Environment (IDE):
● Choose an IDE that supports Python development and
collaboration, such as PyCharm, Visual Studio Code, or Jupyter
Notebook.
● Utilize features like code debugging, version control
integration (e.g., Git), and code collaboration tools to
streamline the development process.
Containerization and Virtualization:
● Use Docker for containerization to ensure consistency across
development, testing, and deployment environments.
● Utilize virtualization tools like VirtualBox or VMware for
creating isolated development environments and testing
different configurations.
Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD):
● Implement CI/CD pipelines to automate the testing,
integration, and deployment processes.
● Use tools like Jenkins, GitLab CI/CD, or GitHub Actions to
automate build, test, and deployment tasks, ensuring rapid
iteration and deployment of new features.

16
Version Control System:
● Utilize a version control system (VCS) such as Git for
managing source code and collaboration among developers.
● Host the code repository on platforms like GitHub, GitLab, or
Bitbucket for version control, issue tracking, and code review.
Testing Frameworks:
● Implement unit tests, integration tests, and end-to-end tests
to ensure the reliability and stability of the Crowd
Management solution.
● Use testing frameworks like pytest or unittest for writing and
executing tests, covering various aspects of the system's
functionality.
Cloud Services:
● Utilize cloud services like Amazon Web Services (AWS),
Microsoft Azure, or Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for hosting
and scaling the Crowd Management solution.
● Leverage cloud-based services for storage, computation, and
machine learning to enhance the scalability and performance
of the solution.
Documentation and Collaboration Tools:
● Use documentation tools like Sphinx or MkDocs to create
comprehensive documentation for the Crowd Management
solution, including installation instructions, API documentation,
and user guides.
● Utilize collaboration tools like Slack, Microsoft Teams, or
Discord for communication, collaboration, and project
management among development teams.

2.6 Constraints
The constraints of the developed system includes:

● Limited availability or compatibility of hardware devices such

as webcams or surveillance cameras for crowd monitoring.
● Constraints on processing power or memory capacity of the
hardware devices used for real-time image processing and
analysis.
Data Privacy and Compliance:

17
 ● Compliance with data privacy regulations (e.g., GDPR, CCPA)
regarding the collection, storage, and processing of personal
data captured by surveillance cameras.
● Ensuring that the Crowd Management solution adheres to
legal and ethical standards for privacy protection while
monitoring crowd behavior.
Technological Limitations:
● Constraints on the accuracy and reliability of computer vision
algorithms, particularly in complex environments with varying
lighting conditions, occlusions, or crowded scenes.
● Limitations of existing technologies in detecting and
mitigating certain types of security threats or anomalies
within crowds.
Budgetary Constraints:
● Limited financial resources for acquiring hardware devices,
software licenses, or cloud computing services required for
developing and deploying the Crowd Management solution.
● Constraints on ongoing maintenance and support costs,
including personnel training and system updates.
Integration Challenges:
● Integration challenges with existing infrastructure, such as
legacy security systems or surveillance networks, may require
additional time and resources for compatibility testing and
implementation.
● Interoperability issues with third-party systems or APIs used
for data exchange, communication, or integration with other
security and emergency response platforms.
Regulatory and Permitting Requirements:
● Compliance with local regulations and permitting
requirements for deploying surveillance cameras or
conducting crowd monitoring activities in public spaces or
private venues.

18
 ● Obtaining necessary permits and approvals from relevant
authorities for installing surveillance equipment and
conducting crowd management operations.
Environmental Factors:
● Environmental factors such as weather conditions (e.g., rain,
fog) or physical obstructions (e.g., buildings, vegetation) may
affect the performance of surveillance cameras and computer
vision algorithms.
● Constraints posed by the physical layout or design of the
monitored area, which may impact camera placement,
coverage, and effectiveness in crowd monitoring.
User Acceptance and Training:
● User acceptance challenges related to the adoption of new
technologies and workflows by security personnel, event
organizers, and other stakeholders involved in crowd
management.
● Training requirements for users to familiarize themselves with
the functionality, operation, and maintenance of the Crowd
Management solution, which may require additional time and
resources.

3.REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION

3.1 External Interface Requirements:

3.1.1 User Interfaces:

Web-Based Dashboard:
● Develop a web-based dashboard using Streamlit or similar
frameworks for users to access the Crowd Management
system from any device with a web browser.
● Ensure the dashboard provides a user-friendly interface with
intuitive navigation and interactive visualization of crowd
data.

19
Real-Time Monitoring Interface:
● Implement a real-time monitoring interface that displays live
video feeds from surveillance cameras along with overlays
showing crowd density, flow patterns, and identified
anomalies.
● Enable users to zoom in/out, pan, and switch between camera
views for comprehensive monitoring of different areas.
Alerts and Notifications:
● Integrate alerting and notification features into the user
interface to notify security personnel or designated authorities
of detected security threats, emergencies, or abnormal crowd
behavior.
● Allow users to customize alert preferences and escalation
procedures based on severity levels.
Data Analytics and Reporting:
● Include data analytics tools and reporting features in the user
interface to analyze historical crowd data, identify trends, and
generate reports on crowd management performance.
● Provide visualizations, charts, and graphs for easy
interpretation of crowd-related metrics and insights.
Configuration and Settings:
● Incorporate configuration and settings options into the user
interface to allow users to customize system parameters, such
as camera settings, detection thresholds, and alert rules.
● Ensure that changes to configuration settings are saved and
applied in real-time to reflect updates in system behavior.
User Management and Authentication:
● Implement user management functionality in the user
interface to manage user accounts, roles, and permissions.
● Enable authentication mechanisms such as
username/password authentication or multi-factor
authentication (MFA) to ensure secure access to the system.
Help and Documentation:

20
 ● Provide help resources, tooltips, and contextual guidance
within the user interface to assist users in navigating the
system and understanding its features.
● Include links to documentation, user manuals, and FAQs for
additional support and troubleshooting.
Mobile Compatibility:
● Ensure that the user interface is mobile-responsive and
compatible with various screen sizes and devices, allowing
users to access the system on smartphones or tablets.
● Optimize interface elements and layouts for touch-based
interactions and smaller screens.

3.1.2 Hardware Interfaces:

1.2.1 webcam Input Interface:
The hardware interface for webcams in the Crowd Management
solution is designed to seamlessly integrate with a wide range of
webcam models commonly available in the market. It ensures plug-
and-play functionality, automatically detecting and configuring
connected webcams without requiring manual intervention. The
system supports multiple webcams simultaneously, allowing for
comprehensive coverage of the monitored area. Users have the
flexibility to adjust the resolution and frame rate of webcam feeds,
optimizing settings for balancing video quality and system resource
utilization. Camera control features such as pan, tilt, zoom, and
focus adjustment are supported, enabling fine-tuning of camera
positioning and coverage. Robust error handling mechanisms are
implemented to manage communication errors and unexpected
events, ensuring continuous operation. Additionally, the interface is
optimized for real-time performance, minimizing latency for
effective crowd monitoring and analysis. Compatibility with external
devices such as USB hubs and extension cables is ensured,

21
providing flexibility in hardware configurations. Overall, the webcam
input interface plays a crucial role in facilitating reliable and efficient
crowd management, enhancing public safety and security in diverse
environments.

1.2.2 Person counting and Crowd managing Mechanism:

The Crowd Management solution incorporates a person reading and
crowd detecting mechanism to accurately identify individuals within
a crowd and analyze crowd dynamics in real-time. This mechanism
leverages advanced computer vision algorithms and machine
learning techniques to detect, track, and analyze people's
movements and behaviors within the monitored area. By processing
live video feeds from surveillance cameras, the system can
distinguish between individuals, estimate crowd density, and detect
anomalies or potential security threats.

1.2.3 Webcam Output Interface:

The webcam output interface in the Crowd Management solution is
designed to provide users with visual feedback and real-time
monitoring of crowd dynamics captured by surveillance cameras.
Here are the key aspects of the webcam output interface.

3.1.3 Software Interfaces:

Software interfaces in the Crowd Management solution facilitate
communication and interaction between different software
components, ensuring seamless integration and functionality.

3.2Functional Requirements:

22
3.2.1)Real-time Crowd Monitoring:
● The system must continuously monitor crowd dynamics in
real-time using live video feeds from surveillance cameras.
● It should provide visual feedback on crowd density, flow
patterns, and movement trajectories within the monitored
area.
3.2.2)Person Detection and Tracking:
● The system should accurately detect and track individuals
within the crowd using computer vision algorithms.
● It must maintain the trajectories of detected individuals across
consecutive video frames to monitor their movements.
3.2.3)Anomaly Detection and Alerting:
● The system must detect anomalies or suspicious behavior
within the crowd, such as overcrowding, sudden movements,
or unauthorized entries into restricted areas.
● It should generate real-time alerts and notifications to alert
security personnel or designated authorities of detected
security threats or emergencies.
3.2.4)Crowd Density Estimation:
● The system should estimate the density of people within
different regions of the monitored area based on the number
and distribution of detected individuals.
● It should provide visualizations or heatmaps depicting crowd
density levels for situational awareness.
3.2.5)Behavior Analysis and Prediction:
● The system must analyze crowd behavior patterns over time
to identify trends, predict potential incidents, and optimize
crowd management strategies.
● It should provide insights into crowd dynamics, such as queue
formation, crowd surges, or dispersal patterns during events
or emergencies.
3.2.6)User Interface and Interaction:

23
 ● The system should provide an intuitive user interface for
accessing and interacting with crowd management data and
functionalities.
● It should support features such as live video playback, camera
controls, alert notifications, and customization options for user
preferences.
3.2.7)Data Storage and Retrieval:
● The system should store historical crowd management data,
including video recordings, analytics results, and configuration
settings.
● It should allow users to retrieve and analyze historical data for
post-event analysis, trend identification, and performance
evaluation.
3.2.8)Integration with External Systems:
● The system should integrate with external systems such as
security management platforms, emergency response
systems, or event management software.
● It should facilitate data exchange and interoperability with
external systems for enhanced situational awareness and
coordinated response.
3.2.9)Scalability and Performance:
● The system should be scalable to accommodate varying crowd
sizes and complexities in different environments.
● It should be optimized for performance to ensure real-time
processing of video feeds and timely detection of security
threats or anomalies.
Compliance and Security:
● The system must comply with data privacy regulations and security
standards to protect sensitive information captured by surveillance
cameras.
● It should implement authentication, encryption, and access control
measures to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of crowd
management data.

24
4 . SYSTEM FEATURES

This section gives the details of system features and functions identified as different

use cases relevant for various users (or actors) of the system.The following sections group

and specify the use cases.

Requirement
R.No Requirements Type Priority

1 Real-time monitoring of crowd dynamics Functional High

2 Accurate person detection and tracking Functional High

3 Anomaly detection and alerting Functional High

4 Integration with external systems Functional High

5 Intuitive user interface for interaction Non-functional High

6 Compliance with data privacy regulations Non-functional High

Performance optimization for real-time

7 Non-functional High
processing

8 Security measures for data protection Non-functional High

Scalability to accommodate varying crowd

9 Non-functional High
sizes

10 Support for multiple webcams Functional Medium

25
11 Ability to customize alert notifications Functional Medium

12 Storage and retrieval of historical data Functional Medium

13 Analysis and prediction of crowd behavior Functional Medium

14 Control options for camera parameters Functional Medium

Compatibility with different hardware

15 Non-functional Medium
configurations

Accessibility features for diverse user

16 Non-functional Medium
needs

17 Estimation of crowd density Functional Low

Low
18 Support for mobile devices Non-functional

4.2 Use Case Diagram

26
5. NON-FUNCATIONAL REQUIREMENT
The Crowd Management system has several non-functional requirements
that are crucial for its effectiveness and performance. First and foremost,
the user interface must be intuitive, user-friendly, and accessible to a
diverse range of users. This ensures that operators can easily navigate
the system and interpret crowd data effectively. Additionally, system
security is paramount, requiring robust measures to safeguard sensitive
information and prevent unauthorized access. Performance is another
critical aspect, demanding efficient processing of live video feeds and
real-time analytics to provide timely insights into crowd dynamics.
Compatibility with various hardware configurations and scalability to
handle increasing loads are essential for accommodating different
deployment scenarios and future expansion. Accessibility features must
be incorporated to ensure usability for users with diverse needs, including
those with disabilities. Reliability is fundamental, necessitating stable
operation under varying conditions and minimizing downtime to ensure

27
continuous crowd monitoring. Lastly, effective data management
practices must be implemented to ensure the integrity, availability, and
confidentiality of crowd management data, including event logs, analytics
reports, and historical records. By addressing these non-functional
requirements, the Crowd Management system can deliver a robust,
secure, and user-friendly solution for monitoring and managing crowds
effectively.

5.1 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT

Performance requirements for the Crowd Management system are
fundamental to its ability to efficiently monitor and analyze crowd
dynamics in real-time. The system must process live video feeds from
surveillance cameras with minimal latency to ensure that users can
observe crowd behavior without significant delays. Efficient detection and
tracking of individuals within the crowd are paramount, enabling quick
identification of anomalies or security threats for timely intervention.
Scalability is essential, allowing the system to handle increasing numbers
of cameras and crowd sizes while maintaining optimal performance.
Resource optimization is crucial to ensure efficient utilization of CPU,
memory, and network bandwidth, maximizing system responsiveness
during peak usage. High throughput capabilities are necessary to process
multiple video streams concurrently, while minimizing false positives and
negatives enhances accuracy and reduces unnecessary alerts. Rapid
response times to user interactions and high availability and reliability
ensure continuous operation, supporting effective crowd management in
various environments. By meeting these performance requirements, the
Crowd Management system can provide reliable and efficient monitoring,
enhancing public safety and security.

5.2 SECURITY REQUIREMENT

Security requirements for the Crowd Management system are
paramount to ensure the protection of sensitive data, maintain system
integrity, and prevent unauthorized access. To achieve this, the system
must implement robust access control mechanisms to restrict user access
based on roles and permissions, ensuring that only authorized personnel
can view sensitive information and perform critical actions within the
system. User authentication mechanisms, such as passwords, biometrics,
or multi-factor authentication, must be in place to verify the identity of
users before granting access, thus preventing unauthorized users from
accessing sensitive data or performing unauthorized actions. Additionally,

28
all sensitive data, including live video feeds, analytics results, and user
credentials, must be encrypted both in transit and at rest to safeguard
confidentiality and integrity. Secure communication protocols should be
utilized to encrypt data transmitted between system components and
external interfaces, preventing eavesdropping and ensuring data
confidentiality. The system should generate comprehensive audit logs to
record user activities and security-related incidents, facilitating forensic
analysis and compliance with regulatory requirements. Continuous
monitoring for security threats, regular vulnerability assessments, and
robust disaster recovery and business continuity plans further enhance
the system's security posture. By meeting these security requirements,
the Crowd Management system can effectively mitigate security risks,
protect sensitive data, and maintain the trust of users and stakeholders.

29
6.UML DIAGRAMS

30
31
32