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Quantum Computing

Quantum computing utilizes quantum mechanics to process data through qubits, which can exist in multiple states simultaneously. It offers advantages over classical computing, such as parallel processing via entanglement and specialized algorithms like Shor’s and Grover’s. However, challenges such as decoherence and hardware limitations remain, with potential applications in cryptography, drug discovery, and AI optimization.

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Rahul Choubey
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9 views2 pages

Quantum Computing

Quantum computing utilizes quantum mechanics to process data through qubits, which can exist in multiple states simultaneously. It offers advantages over classical computing, such as parallel processing via entanglement and specialized algorithms like Shor’s and Grover’s. However, challenges such as decoherence and hardware limitations remain, with potential applications in cryptography, drug discovery, and AI optimization.

Uploaded by

Rahul Choubey
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Quantum Computing: A Comprehensive Overview

Date: [06/08/2025]

Introduction & Overview

Quantum computing leverages principles of quantum mechanics to process data.


Unlike classical bits (0s and 1s), quantum computers use qubits, which exist in
multiple states simultaneously (superposition).

Classical vs. Quantum Computing

Classical computers store data as bits; quantum computers store quantum states.
Classical logic follows binary operations, while quantum computation enables parallel
processing through entanglement.

Key Concepts: Qubits, Superposition & Entanglement

 Qubit: Unlike classical bits, a qubit can be 0, 1, or both at the same time.

 Superposition: A qubit exists in multiple states


simultaneously, enabling massive parallelism.

 Entanglement: Qubits become linked, meaning the state of one instantly affects the other.

Quantum Gates

Quantum circuits use specialized gates to manipulate qubits:

 Hadamard Gate (H): Creates superposition.


 Pauli Gates (X, Y, Z): Flip qubit states.
 CNOT Gate: Enables entanglement.

Quantum Algorithms

Quantum computing accelerates tasks with specialized algorithms:

 Shor’s Algorithm: Efficiently factors large numbers, threatening current cryptography.


 Grover’s Algorithm: Speeds up searches in large databases.
 Quantum Machine Learning: Enhances AI using quantum properties.

Challenges & Future Prospects

 Decoherence: Qubit states collapse due to interference.


 Hardware Limitations: Building stable quantum processors is complex.
 Applications: Cryptography, drug discovery, AI optimization, financial modeling.

References & Further Reading


"Quantum Computation and Quantum Information" – Nielsen & Chuang
IBM Quantum Experience – Online quantum simulation tools
Research papers from Google Scholar & ArXiv

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