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Threads

The document discusses object-oriented programming with a focus on concurrency, processes, and threads. It explains the differences between threads and processes, thread states, and how to create and control threads in Java, including synchronization techniques. Additionally, it outlines the final exam topics and requirements related to file I/O and threading concepts.

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tewobstal
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18 views18 pages

Threads

The document discusses object-oriented programming with a focus on concurrency, processes, and threads. It explains the differences between threads and processes, thread states, and how to create and control threads in Java, including synchronization techniques. Additionally, it outlines the final exam topics and requirements related to file I/O and threading concepts.

Uploaded by

tewobstal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Object-oriented

programming (Threads)
By: Michael SB
Outline

• Concurrency
• Processes
• Threads
Concurrency

• Two or more tasks are said to be concurrently executing, when all tasks are
progressing at the same time.

• Parallelism:
• Is subset of concurrency.
• Occurs when two or more tasks are executing simultaneously.
Processes

• Processes are programs in execution.

• Processes have their own:


• State: New, Ready, Running, Waiting, and Terminated
• Memory
• Will be allocated time on CPU when they become active
Threads

• Threads are segments in processes.

• They are a single sequential flow of execution within a single process.

• Threads have their own:


• Stack
• Program counter
Threads Vs Process

• Threads:
• Can share memory with each other.
• Can share resources allocated to the process: memory
• Less time to communicate with other threads
• Less time to create, switch context, and terminate threads
Threads

• Thread states:
• Created State
• Running State
• Waiting State
• Timed-waiting
• Blocked state
• Terminated state
Threads in Java

• We use a thread object which is an instance of the thread class to create a new thread
in Java.

• The constructor of a thread object accepts a class implementing the runnable


interface.

• The alternative way is, extending the thread class and overriding the methods.
Creating Threads

Output
Controlling Threads

Sleep: causes the current thread to wait for a designated period of time. Throws
interrupted exception.
Interrupt

• Interrupt: wakes up a thread in sleep() or wait() or blocked by an IO operation.


Problem
Problem
Problem

Output
Synchronization

• Thread synchronization: coordinates access to shared data by multiple concurrent


threads.

• By synchronizing threads, you can ensure that each thread accessing a shared object
excludes all other threads from doing so simultaneously—this is called mutual
exclusion.

• A common way to perform synchronization is to use Java’s built-in monitors. The


monitor ensures that its object’s monitor lock is held by a maximum of only one
thread at any time.
Synchronization

Output
Reading Assignment

• File i/o: will be included in the final exam.

• Practice threads with example, and look into inter-thread communication with wait(),
notify(), and notifyAll(): This will not be included in the final exam.
Final exam

• Maximum point: 30%


• Question type: similar to mid-exam
• Topics (includes: File I/O and all the topics discussed in lectures and labs except
lecture 0. )
• Lecture 1 to Lecture 3
• SOLID, Threads, and File I/O

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