MODULE-1
What major event marked the beginning of the Industrial Revolution?
A) The invention of the telephone
B) The discovery of electricity
C) The replacement of farming/cottage-type industries with large factories
D) The development of the internet
Answer: C) The replacement of farming/cottage-type industries with large factories
According to the passage, what was one of the immediate effects of the Industrial
Revolution on Earth's ecology?
A) Increased agricultural production
B) Depletion of natural resources and deforestation
C) Discovery of renewable energy sources
D) Reduction in carbon emissions
Answer: B) Depletion of natural resources and deforestation
What was the estimated global population around the start of the Industrial Revolution,
according to Eric McLamb (2011)?
A) 1 billion
B) 500 million
C) 700 million
D) 6 billion
Answer: C) 700 million
What is a major consequence of the population explosion that followed the Industrial
Revolution?
A) Increased availability of resources
B) Continuous expansion of resource availability
C) Expansion of resource deficit
D) Reduction in technological advancements
Answer: C) Expansion of resource deficit
What impact did the two world wars in the early twentieth century have on technological
development?
A) They delayed technological progress
B) They halted industrial advancements
C) They led to rapid development of military technologies
D) They reversed the effects of the Industrial Revolution
Answer: C) They led to rapid development of military technologies
In his 1945 paper "As We May Think," what future technological device did Vannevar
Bush predict?
A) A handheld smartphone
B) A computer capable of artificial intelligence
C) A device called "memex" for storing and retrieving information
D) A global positioning system (GPS)
Answer: C) A device called "memex" for storing and retrieving information
What does the passage refer to as the Second Industrial Revolution?
A) The transition to renewable energy sources
B) The rise of the automobile industry
C) The emergence of information and communication technologies
D) The development of nuclear power
Answer: C) The emergence of information and communication technologies
Which of the following best describes the impact of the Second Industrial Revolution on
society?
A) It led to the decline of traditional communication methods.
B) It had minimal impact on daily life.
C) It changed almost every aspect of human lives.
D) It was limited to technological advancements in agriculture.
Answer: C) It changed almost every aspect of human lives
What was the name of the first new generation of computers that emerged in 1946?
A) UNIVAC
B) ENIAC
C) IBM 701
D) Colossus
Answer: B) ENIAC
Who financed the development of ENIAC?
A) IBM
B) The United States Navy
C) The United States Army, Ordnance Corps, and Research and Development Command
D) The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Answer: C) The United States Army, Ordnance Corps, and Research and Development
Command
What nickname did the press give to ENIAC?
A) The super brain
B) The digital genius
C) The thinking machine
D) The giant brain
Answer: D) The giant brain
Approximately how much did ENIAC weigh?
A) 2 tons
B) 5 tons
C) 27 tons
D) 50 tons
Answer: C) 27 tons
Which of the following statements is true about ENIAC's capabilities?
A) It had the ability to store an unlimited number of 10-digit decimal numbers.
B) It could perform basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division.
C) It had a central memory unit for extensive data storage.
D) It could perform complex tasks like modern computers.
Answer: B) It could perform basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division.
How much power did ENIAC consume?
A) 50 kW
B) 100 kW
C) 150 kW
D) 200 kW
Answer: C) 150 kW
What humorous rumor spread about ENIAC's power consumption?
A) It could cause blackouts in the entire city.
B) It made the lights in Philadelphia dim whenever it was switched on.
C) It required a dedicated power plant to operate.
D) It caused power surges across the country.
Answer: B) It made the lights in Philadelphia dim whenever it was switched on.
Which component did ENIAC lack that is commonly found in modern computers?
A) Vacuum tubes
B) A central memory unit
C) Relays
D) Capacitors
Answer: B) A central memory unit
1. What was one of the main limitations of ENIAC that restricted its use to large
military-based research labs?
o A) Lack of electricity
o B) Sheer size and physical requirements
o C) High speed
o D) Availability to the general public
Answer: B) Sheer size and physical requirements
2. Who was the German scientist that filed a patent for a semiconductor amplifying
device, which was similar to an integrated circuit?
o A) Geoffrey Drummer
o B) Werner Jacobi
o C) Jack Kilby
o D) Alan Turing
Answer: B) Werner Jacobi
3. Which scientist discussed the concept of an integrated circuit at a symposium in
1952 but was unsuccessful in building one?
o A) Jack Kilby
o B) John von Neumann
o C) Geoffrey Drummer
o D) Claude Shannon
Answer: C) Geoffrey Drummer
4. Who successfully demonstrated the first working integrated circuit in 1958?
o A) Werner Jacobi
o B) Geoffrey Drummer
o C) Jack Kilby
o D) Robert Noyce
Answer: C) Jack Kilby
5. For what achievement did Jack Kilby win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2000?
o A) Invention of the transistor
o B) Development of the first computer
o C) Invention of the integrated circuit (IC)
o D) Creation of the internet
Answer: C) Invention of the integrated circuit (IC)
6. Which company's scientist was Jack Kilby working for when he developed the first
IC?
o A) IBM
o B) Texas Instruments
o C) Bell Labs
o D) Siemens AG
Answer: B) Texas Instruments
7. What impact did the invention of the IC have on the field of computing?
o A) It made computers larger and more expensive.
o B) It reduced the functionality of computers.
o C) It led to the creation of much smaller systems with greater functionality.
o D) It was only used in military applications.
Answer: C) It led to the creation of much smaller systems with greater
functionality.
8. In what year was Jack Kilby's work on the development of the IC named an IEEE
Milestone?
o A) 1958
o B) 2000
o C) 2009
o D) 2015
Answer: C) 2009
Approximately how many computers were in use worldwide in the 1950s?
A) 100
B) 250
C) 1,000
D) 10,000
Answer: B) 250
Which company's founder observed that the number of transistors in a dense integrated
circuit (IC) doubled approximately every two years?
A) Microsoft
B) IBM
C) Intel
D) Apple
Answer: C) Intel
What was the approximate number of computers in use worldwide by the 1980s?
A) 100,000
B) 500,000
C) 1 million
D) 5 million
Answer: C) 1 million
According to Gartner Inc., what milestone had the number of installed PCs worldwide
surpassed?
A) 500 million units
B) 1 billion units
C) 2 billion units
D) 3 billion units
Answer: B) 1 billion units
What major development replaced the clumsy text-based internet interface with a more
user-friendly graphical interface?
A) The Library of Congress website
B) Mosaic
C) Yahoo!
D) Netscape Navigator
Answer: B) Mosaic
According to the passage, what is the estimated total worldwide Internet traffic in 2013?
A) 10 petabytes
B) 43,639 petabytes
C) 100,000 petabytes
D) 1 yottabyte
Answer: B) 43,639 petabytes
What is a yottabyte, as mentioned in the passage?
A) 1 million terabytes
B) 1 billion gigabytes
C) 1,000 exabytes
D) 100 terabytes
Answer: C) 1,000 exabytes
What concern is raised about the new digital age in the passage?
A) The lack of new technological developments
B) The difficulty in estimating the size and growth of the Internet and the WWW
C) The decline of traditional computing
D) The slow pace of technological adoption
Answer: B) The difficulty in estimating the size and growth of the Internet and the
WWW
Which website is cited in the passage for providing information on the size of the
Internet and the WWW?
A) Wikipedia.org
B) Factshunt.com
C) Google.com
D) Bing.com
Answer: B) Factshunt.com
What challenge is associated with identifying the overall cost and energy footprint of the
new digital age?
A) The availability of data
B) The complexity and constantly changing data set
C) The lack of interest in the topic
D) The low environmental impact of digital technology
Answer: B) The complexity and constantly changing data set
What factors must be considered when calculating the energy footprint of the new
technology age?
o A) Only the electricity consumed by laptops and desktops
o B) The energy required to manufacture devices
o C) The electricity consumed by devices and the energy required to keep them
operational
o D) The energy footprint is negligible and does not need to be considered
Answer: C) The electricity consumed by devices and the energy required to keep
them operationaL
What is one of the key issues identified by researchers regarding the energy
footprint of the global mobile network?
o A) The production cost of devices
o B) The amount of data transferred and the associated energy cost
o C) The lifespan of devices
o D) The decline in the use of mobile networks
Answer: B) The amount of data transferred and the associated energy cost
Why is it difficult to compare estimates of the electricity intensity of Internet data
transfers, according to Coroama et al. (2013)?
o A) Lack of interest in the subject
o B) Inconsistent boundaries, data uncertainties, and different methodologies
o C) The estimates are all based on outdated data
o D) The electricity intensity of the Internet is negligible
Answer: B) Inconsistent boundaries, data uncertainties, and different
methodologies
What does Mark Mills refer to when he says the "information economy is a blue
whale economy with its energy uses mostly out of sight"?
o A) The Internet is an inefficient system
o B) The energy consumption of the ICT ecosystem is massive but not immediately
visible
o C) The ICT ecosystem uses very little energy
o D) The energy consumption of ICT is well-known and well-managed
Answer: B) The energy consumption of the ICT ecosystem is massive but not
immediately visible
According to Mark Mills, what percentage of the world’s electricity generation does
the ICT ecosystem now approach?
o A) 5%
o B) 10%
o C) 20%
o D) 50%
Answer: B) 10%
What comparison does Mark Mills make to illustrate the energy usage of the ICT
ecosystem?
o A) It uses the same amount of energy as global automotive production.
o B) It uses 50% more energy than global aviation.
o C) It uses less energy than residential heating.
o D) It uses the same amount of energy as the entire continent of Africa.
Answer: B) It uses 50% more energy than global aviation.
What challenge is associated with the "big data" era according to the passage?
o A) The decline in data generation
o B) The energy consumption and technical complexity of managing big data
o C) The high cost of storing big data
o D) The difficulty in accessing big data
Answer: B) The energy consumption and technical complexity of managing big
data
Why have companies like Microsoft, Google, and Yahoo built new data centers on
the Columbia River?
o A) To be closer to their customers
o B) To reduce operational costs by accessing hydroelectric power and natural
cooling
o C) To comply with government regulations
o D) To experiment with new technologies
Answer: B) To reduce operational costs by accessing hydroelectric power and
natural cooling
What does the US Environmental Protection Agency estimate about the electricity
use of centralized computing infrastructures (data centers)?
o A) They use 1 GW of electricity during peak periods.
o B) They use 7 GW of electricity during peak periods.
o C) They use 50 GW of electricity during peak periods.
o D) They use 100 GW of electricity during peak periods.
Answer: B) They use 7 GW of electricity during peak periods.
What environmental concern is associated with the constant demand for "never
switching off" and "contact on demand" in the digital age?
o A) Increased e-waste
o B) Overpopulation
o C) Increased energy consumption
o D) Loss of biodiversity
Answer: C) Increased energy consumption
What is often overlooked in the Green ICT debate?
A) Big data computing
B) Legacy systems that are neither green nor efficient
C) The development of new microprocessors
D) Cloud computing efficiency
Answer: B) Legacy systems that are neither green nor efficient
What is one of the main challenges in measuring ICT performance and sustainability?
A) Lack of interest in sustainability
B) The unreliability of existing methodologies to measure ICT sustainability
C) The high cost of green technologies
D) The rapid pace of technological change
Answer: B) The unreliability of existing methodologies to measure ICT sustainability
What legal framework challenge is mentioned in the passage regarding green IT?
A) Lack of interest from governments
B) Difficulty in implementing cloud computing
C) Absence of robust and enforceable regulations for green IT at national or international
levels
D) Over-regulation of new devices in the European Union
Answer: C) Absence of robust and enforceable regulations for green IT at national or
international levels
What was cloud computing initially hailed as?
A) A cost-effective solution for businesses
B) A green way of moving away from device-dependent, power-hungry applications
C) An unregulated technology with potential risks
D) The ultimate solution for legacy system replacement
Answer: B) A green way of moving away from device-dependent, power-hungry
applications
Why is it difficult to identify areas of energy optimization in cloud computing?
A) Cloud computing is too efficient to require optimization
B) The cloud is comprised of many hardware and software elements placed in a
distributed fashion
C) The cloud is primarily managed by multinational corporations
D) Optimization has already been maximized in cloud computing
Answer: B) The cloud is comprised of many hardware and software elements placed in a
distributed fashion
What is the concept of "energy harvesting" or "energy scavenging" in green IT?
A) The process of reducing energy consumption in data centers
B) Using ambient power sources scattered around us to generate energy
C) Developing more efficient batteries for mobile devices
D) Reusing old energy-consuming devices
Answer: B) Using ambient power sources scattered around us to generate energy
What does the "Internet of Things" (IoT) concept involve?
A) Storing large amounts of data in cloud-based systems
B) Machine-to-machine communication and machine-to-human interaction via internet
protocols
C) Developing new, more powerful microprocessors
D) Building more efficient legacy systems
Answer: B) Machine-to-machine communication and machine-to-human interaction via
internet protocols
What impact could IoT have on the computing world?
A) It could increase energy consumption
B) It could lead to the development of non-sustainable computing practices
C) It could help create a much more environmentally friendly and sustainable computing
world
D) It could replace the need for cloud computing
Answer: C) It could help create a much more environmentally friendly and sustainable
computing world
Why is predicting the future of Green Information Technology considered a futile
exercise?
A) The technology is too simple to require predictions
B) The rapid pace of changes makes it difficult to predict
C) Green IT has already reached its peak
D) Visionary thinkers have already mapped out the future
Answer: B) The rapid pace of changes makes it difficult to predict
Who is the visionary mentioned at the end of the passage who is concerned about the
future of the World Wide Web?
A) Mark Zuckerberg
B) Steve Jobs
C) Sir Tim Berners-Lee
D) Bill Gates
Answer: C) Sir Tim Berners-Lee
