20

20
SUMMARY REPORT
Baseline Study for the Development of Community
Philanthropy in Burkino Faso
Pananetugri Initiative for Woman Well-being
2
SUMMARY
SUMMARY 3
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS 4
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5
I. BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE 6
II. METHODOLOGY 7
III. ANALYSIS OF STAKEHOLDERS AND COMMUNITY PHILANTHROPY
INITIATIVES IN BURKINA FASO 8
3.1 groups of stakeholders of community philanthropy 8
3.2 introduction of some community philanthropy intiatives in burkina faso 9

IV. ANALYSIS OF THE POTENTIAL FOR DONATION IN BURKINA FASO 10

4.1 potential for donation of individuals and legal entities in burkina faso 10
4.2 challenges related to fundraising 12
V. LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF PHILANTHROPY IN BURKINA FASO 14
VI. OVERWIEW OF SOME COMMUNITY PHILANTHROPY INITIATIVES OF 4
ORGANISATIONS 15
6.1 brief introduction of 4 opi (organisations promoting the initiative) 15
6.2 some community philanthropy initiatives of 4 opi 16
6.2.1 Initiatives of IPBF 16
6.2.2 Initiatives of ADEP 16
6.2.3 Initiatives of Munyu Women’s Association 17
6.2.4 Initiatives of ACCED 17
6.3 analysis of strengths and weaknesses of 4 organisations promoting the initiative 17
VII. DEVELOPMENT OF A COMMUNITY PHILANTHROPY INITIATIVE IN BURKINA FASO 18
7.1 overview of some community philanthropy initiatives in africa 18
7.2 opportunity for the establishment of a community foundation 18
VIII. DEVELOPMENT OF A COMMUNITY PHILANTHROPY INITIATIVE IN BURKINA FASO 19
CONCLUSION 22
BIBLIOGRAPHY 23

TABLES AND CHARTS

Table 1 : Some community philanthropy initiatives in burkina faso 9
Table 2 : Brief introduction of organisations promoting the initiative 15
Table 3 : Table of strengths and weaknesses of 4 organisations promoting the initiative 17

Table 4 : Strengths and limits of a foundation and a fund 18

Table 5 : Initiatives of community philanthropy to be promoted 19
Table 6 : Management of risks related to the project 4
Chart 1 : Area of donations (individuals and legal entities) 10
Chart 2 : Targets for donations (individuals and legal entities) 11

3
 REFERENCE

LIST OF
ABBREVIATIONS
AND ACRONYMS

Acronym Definition

ACCED Association ‘Cri de Cœur’ for Equity and Development

ADCM Association for the Community Development of Makutano

ADEP Association of Support and Awakening Pugsada

IGA Income-Generating Activities

AM Manegdbzanga Association

AMF Munyu Women’s Association

UHI Universal Health Insurance

APIL Association for the Promotion of Local Initiatives

ARBI Association of Béguedo Citizens in Italy

ARNI Association of Niagho Citizens in Italy Acronym Definition

Songui Manégré Association/Support for Endegenous
ASMADE INSD National Institute of Statistics and Demography
Development

CLTS Community-Led Total Sanitation IPBF

AVEC Village Savings and Credit Associations KCDF Kenyan Community Development Foundation

CCFC Christian Children’s fund of Canada MIDP Merti Integrated Development Programme

CECI Savings and Internal Credit Communities OCADES Catholic Organisation for Economic and Social Development

CREDO Christian Relief and Developement Organization OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development

CRS Catholic Relief Service UNDP United Nations Development Programme

OD Open Defecation RGPH General Census of Population and Housing

NSF National Solidarity Fund CSR Corporate Social Responsibility

GFCF Global Fund for Community Foundations DFS Decentralized Financial Systems

SG Solidarity Groups SIGI Social Institutions and Gender Index

HDI Human Development Index USAID U.S Agency for International Development

MFI Micro-Finance Institutions VSLA Village Savings and Loans Association

4
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This study revealed some bottlenecks that hinder the social,
economic and political empowerment of women and youth in
Burkina Faso. It also allowed to identify three types of community
philanthropy stakeholders in Burkina Faso including, stakeholders
organizing the collection and redistribution of resources,
stakeholders supporting various forms of solidarity within
communities and stakeholders making donations. The resources
mobilized by these stakeholders are reinvested in several areas,
namely health, education, women's empowerment, culture, sport,
etc. As such, the study found that Burkina Faso has a great potential
for donations from individuals and legal entities. Individual donors
target children, orphans, people with disabilities and senior citizens,
and large companies target women, children, young people and
people with disabilities. However, the main donation areas remain
the same for these two categories, namely, health and education.
It should be noted that despite this bright picture of the potential
for donation in Burkina Faso, we must recognize that there are still
some challenges related to the inaccessibility of donations at the
level of large companies, and unfulfilled promises, propensity of
individual donations for emergencies as well as for development
projects, donations for advertising or marketing purposes, value-
based conflicts, “political business” of some large companies, etc.

Moreover, the study reveals that in Burkina Faso, there are no texts and laws that strictly
regulate the non-profit fundraising. However, in the framework of the fight against money
laundering and terrorism, a law was adopted in 2015 to take into account for-profit
organizations. In addition, the study helped to identify the difference between a foundation and
a fund in order to allow project promoters to continue initiatives. In fact, the establishment of
a fund does not require prior formal approval for its operation. Therefore, it can be housed
within a non-profit organization having a legal status. Unlike the foundation, it is governed by
law 008/2017/AN which sets out the terms and conditions of its establishment and operation.
Hence the recommendation for the establishment of a foundation by the organisations
promoting initiatives in order to continue their project.

The analysis of the capacities of the organisations promoting the

initiative shows that they are implementing various initiatives
related to community philanthropy. Although they have capacities
and assets for the implementation of a common community
philanthropy project, such as social anchoring within their
community, strong leadership for the promotion of women and
youth, networking and membership, etc., their low financial and
organizational capacity is a challenge. The consideration of the
recommendations, including the types of philanthropy initiatives
to be scaled, efficient risk management, advocacy, development of
appropriate strategies and resource mobilization will undoubtedly
ensure the success of this community philanthropy initiative
promoted by four development organisations.

5
 OVERVIEW

I. BACKGROUND
AND RATIONALE

B
urkina Faso, with a population of 19,193,382 throughout the contemporary world is a new approach in Burkina
according to the World Bank in 2017, is one of the Faso and should be explored, namely in the field of human
poorest countries on the planet. In fact, according to rights promotion to achieve the empowerment of women and
the Human Development Index (HDI) established by girls, in an environment of resource scarcity both nationally
the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) in and internationally. Obviously, this philanthropic area which is
2018, the country is ranked 183 out of 189 countries relatively new, fast-growing and rapidly evolving only a part of a
with an index of 0.423. In addition, in 2014, 40.1% of the population much larger and more complex pool of stakeholders and practices
of Burkina Faso still lived below the poverty line (less than $ 1 per prevailing in the continent; and most of these practices have
day). The female Human Development Index (HDI) is the lowest existed for centuries. How to mobilize and take advantage of this
(0.393 in 2018). The gender inequality index which is of 0.61 also philanthropic potential for the promotion of social and economic
shows that women do not have equal access to reproductive rights of youth and women in Burkina Faso?
health, empowerment and labor market as men. Thus, women are
still subject to discrimination regarding the access to resources and For this reason, the organisations promoting the project, namely
economic opportunities. the Pugsada Support and Awakening Association (ADEP), the
Associaton ‘Cri de Coeur’ for Equity and Development (ACCED),
Burkina Faso has a remarkable demographic and cultural diversity the Munyu Women’s Association (AMF) and the Pananetugri
with about sixty ethnic groups and the various communities live Initiative for the Well-being of Women (IPBF) want to combine their
together peacefully. The country has a rich culture of charity which energies to explore the environment of community philanthropy
draws strength from traditional practices which strongly promote in Burkina Faso in order to lay the foundation of an adequate
intra and inter-ethnic as well as religious charity. This disinterested strategy for the creation/redistribution of wealth and financial
spirit of generosity is actually similar to philanthropy. resource mobilization both internally and externally. In addition,
this approach is intended to be an innovative strategy for resource
In fact, traditional community philanthropy in our context was mobilization in Burkina Faso, especially in the field of women and
a practice inspired by our cultural, religious and social values girls’ rights promotion.
which allowed an individual or an institution to show solidarity
or to support humanitarian causes through donation. In African This study, which therefore serves as a basis for the development
traditions and cultures, there is a form of solidarity, sharing and of community philanthropy, showed the importance and the need
mutual support even if this is not called community philanthropy. for stakeholders to take advantage of this philanthropic trend to
Fundamentally, community philanthropy is based on the draw inspiration from local traditions and practices, and thus help
willingness of local populations to help each other. This is an asset local people to take charge of their development and ensure that
which naturally exists in almost all societies and cultures. In fact, this meets their needs.
many practitioners view this practice as both a common impulse
and a form of organization.

Around the world, citizens are bringing back the practice of

community philanthropy using constantly evolving methods.
These citizens create and manage new organizations that mobilize
and distribute funds and other resources at the local level. They
tailor programs to meet the needs of communities and raise their
awareness regarding local issues. They organize meetings with
community leaders, strengthen civil society and do long-term
planning.
The strategic community philanthropy which is highly developed
6
SUMMARY OF EXPECTED OUTCOMES
A MAPPING OF THE VARIOUS STAKEHOLDERS AND INTERVENTIONS CARRIED
OUT IN THE FIELD OF COMMUNITY PHILANTHROPY IN BURKINA FASO IS
ESTABLISHED: ESTABLISHED:

The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of any community philanthropy initiative
in Burkina Faso are analyzed;

The issues, challenges and constraints related to the establishment of the initiative and the
community fund for women and girls in Burkina Faso are identified;

Alternatives and levers for the development of a local or endogenous donation culture are
formulated;

An action plan for the development of community philanthropy in Burkina Faso is designed;

The potential sources of donation in communities and institutions are identified;

The motivations of potential donors identified are determined;

The strengths and weaknesses of the organizations promoting the project in relation to the
opportunities for community philanthropy are analyzed;

A mechanism and a model for structuring the bodies and the steering system of a community
philanthropy initiative are defined;

A plan for strengthening the commitment, skills and organizational capacities of the organisations
promoting the initiative is available;

Recommendations for the establishment of the initiative and the fund are made;

Tools and strategies for the establishment of the fund are proposed.

II. METHODOLOGY
The study helped to collect qualitative and quantitative data. It combined informed choices for philanthropy
organisations and contact persons, and probabilistic choices for potential donors based on data collection
channels.

For the desk research, although the literature on community philanthropy in Burkina Faso may seem poor,
several documents have nevertheless been explored, particularly those of the Global Fund for Community
Foundations, Foundation for Just Society, and reports and papers of some NGOs and national associations.
The data collection about potential donors, especially individuals, was done online through a Google form, in
a voluntary and random manner. This form was ventilated through social and professional networks to a large
audience, and 362 people completed it. Furthermore, data were collected about 30 private companies and 15
NGOs and associations. In addition, 10 focus groups were established for an average of 9 people per focus
group. The questionnaires were mainly administered directly to organizations promoting the initiative (OPI)
and some NGOs and associations, and companies. However, because of the pandemic of Covid-19, some data
were collected through telephone and/or email from NGOs and companies. The data collection areas were
mainly Ouagadougou, Bobo-Dioulasso, Kombissiri and Yako. However, some data were collected remotely in
Zorgho, Banfora, Gaoua and Dori. The primary data collected in the field were analyzed and classified per sub-
theme according to the objectives combined into in research questions, then analyzed using qualitative and
quantitative data processing software (Nudist software, Excel, Google form). 7
 ANALYSIS

DIFFICULTIES
The main stumbling block of this study was the collection of field phase of the questionnaire, the collection tools were readjusted to
data due to the Covid-19 pandemic, which resulted in many travel take into account the terms “local donation” or “form of solidarity
restrictions. To this end, a strategic approach which involves data within the communities” which were more accessible.
collection through telephone and/or email, was developed. This In addition, there were some difficulties in collecting some
affected the original data collection schedule. information about companies, NGOs and associations.
Finally, the difficulties related to the desk research on philanthropy,
Moreover, this study showed that the term "Philanthropy" and especially community philanthropy, suggest that this baseline
even less “community philanthropy” is not too well known to study is the first one in Burkina Faso.
the general public, especially individuals. After completing a test

III. ANALYSIS OF STAKEHOLDERS

AND COMMUNITY PHILANTHROPY
INITIATIVES IN BURKINA FASO

3.1 GROUPS OF STAKEHOLDERS OF COMMUNITY PHILANTHROPY

In the world of organisations that practice philanthropy in Burkina Faso, there are many stakeholders who can be divided into three (03)
major categories, namely:

a.) Stakeholders organizing the collection and b) Stakeholders supporting some solidarity actions
redistribution of resources ; The stakeholders who within communities ; There are several forms of solidarity
organize the collection and redistribution of resources are legal regarding women empowerment. This study focused mainly on
persons (NGOs and associations) and individuals who mobilize savings and loan groups and community health insurance funds.
resources within communities to reinvest them for the benefit Many NGOs and associations are active in this field, such as Plan
of vulnerable people. International, OCADES Caritas, CRS, Swiss contact, ASMADE, etc.

• Legal entities: these are mainly NGOs and associations c) Stakeholders who are donors.
(for example OCADES Caritas Burkina, CREDO, SOS Village
d'enfants, etc.), associations of citizens of the same area, • Legal entities: There are several organisations working
workers' associations, groups of alumni of a given entity in all the business sectors in Burkina Faso which make
(school, department, etc.). donation. These companies through Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) support various initiatives for the
• Individuals: These are people having the spirit of solidarity benefit of vulnerable people through organisations that
and who use their high popularity rating to undertake collect and redistribute resources.
fundraising initiatives in order to support worthy causes
for vulnerable people. The most famous and most active • Individuals: The individuals making the donation are
one in Burkina Fasos “Alino Faso1”. Recently, Ms. Nestorine potentially members of the various communities in Burkina
SANGARE2 also started community initiative. Faso who, culturally and socially, show renowned solidarity
towards the most vulnerable people.

8
1
Alain Christophe TRAORE (known as Alino Faso) is a famous broadcaster and TV and radio presenter because of his capacity to mobilize resources for worthy

causes. He is also the general manager of TAC Communication.

2
Former Minister of Women’s Affairs in Burkina Faso from 2011 to 2014. She works for the promotion of women and youth rights, and worthy causes.
3.2 INTRODUCTION OF SOME COMMUNITY
PHILANTHROPY INITIATIVES IN BURKINA
In Burkina Faso, various community philanthropy initiatives exist and are carried out
by most of NGOs and associations. The study only covered some of these initiatives.
The table below gives more details.

Table 1 : Some community philanthropy initiatives in Burkina Faso

Organisations Name of the initiative Strategy

National Solidarity Fund

Mobilize resources at the local level
from the Catholic believers and all other
individuals or legal entities (including
Support the fund for higher other religious groups) to finance local
education and vocational training development actions.
OCADES

Assist vulnerable people excluded

from the traditional banking system,
CECI (Internal Savings and Credit
especially women, to help them have
Communities) groups
income-generating activities and save
money.

Mobilization of local and external The NGO developed many resource

resources to support activities for mobilization strategies at the internal
CREDO children education, and women level, namely through the religious
and youth empowerment. dimension to support its activities.

Associations of Donation initiatives within their

The aim is to raise funds within the
Citizens of the home communities (village or city).
diaspora and make donations generally
Diaspora benefiting their community of origin.

Manegdbzanga It is an approach that allows any

Association Inter-community funding in the field beneficiary of the project to contribute
of Loumbila of agriculture, forestry and livestock. in kind or in cash to the financing of
(development activities for new beneficiaries.
for all)

Strengthen mutual aid between men

Land restoration and sustainable
and women, and raise awareness on
APIL management to the benefit of
the importance of collective work for
women.
land restoration.

In addition, there are service clubs such as Rotary Club International and Lions Clubs
International, or the Junior Chamber International which significantly contribute to
the development of local communities.

9
 ANALYSIS 2

IV. ANALYSIS OF To analyze the potential for donation in Burkina Faso, the study

THE POTENTIAL focused on legal entities, large companies, and individuals

in order to better understand their motivations in terms of

FOR DONATION
outpouring of generosity, and areas and targets of these
donations. The study therefore took into account the challenge
related to resource mobilization.

IN BURKINA FASO
4.1 POTENTIAL FOR DONATION OF INDIVIDUALS AND LEGAL ENTITIES IN
BURKINA FASO a) Area of donations. The chart below shows the donation areas at both the individual and corporate
level.

CHART 1 : AREA OF DONATIONS (INDIVIDUALS AND LEGAL ENTITIES)

DONATION AREA (NDIVIDUALS)

Health 47%
Education 39%
Art and culture 3%
Empowerment of 6%
Others 5%

DONATION AREA (COMPANIES)

Health 44%
Education 33%
AGR / insertion 10%
Art and culture 13%

SOURCES: SURVEY DATA; APRIL 2020

The Analysis of the graph above shows that health and education are the main areas in which individuals and companies direct their
donations. Thus, respectively 47% and 39% of individual donors make donations in the field of health and education, and respectively 44%
and 33% of companies make donations in the same area. The other areas, namely economic empowerment, art and culture, sport, etc.
are less representative in terms of donations.

Health and education remain the areas for which both individuals and large companies are very sensitive. In addition, these large
companies generally prefer concrete and lasting donations, i.e. infrastructure and equipment.

10
b) Targets. Following the donation focal areas, the donation targets are presented in the graph below:

CHART 2 : TARGET OF DONATIONS (INDIVIDUALS AND LEGAL ENTITIES)

DONATION TARGETS (NDIVIDUALS)

Children / Orphans 53%
Women & Children 5%
People with disabilities 22%
Elders (3rd Age) 19%
Others 1%

TARGETS FOR CORPORATE DONATIONS (COMPANIES)

23%
Youth
Women & Children 64%
People with disabilities 10%
Elders (3rd Age) 3%

T
SOURCES: DATA OF THE STUDY; APRIL 2020

he analysis of this graph shows that for individuals, children and orphans are the main targets for donations since 53% of
respondents are sensitive to this target. Then, people with disabilities, targeted by 22% of respondents and 19% for seniors
(people of the third age). Women and youth represent only the 4th target for 5% of respondents while 1% of respondents have
other targets not specified in this study.

At the level of large companies, it is practically the same similarity as 64% of donations go to women, children and orphans,
23% to youth and 10% to people with disabilities. Women and children are in the same category because the majority of donations involve
infrastructure and equipment in the field of health and education.

c) Motivations for donations

According to 36% of individuals being interviewed, the response to a request in religious places is the most important motivation for
donation. This could be explained by the fact that all the major religions of the world urge their followers to donate, fight against human
suffering and poverty, and open doors to others to benefit from the favor of God. However, 33% said they made donations at the request of
an acquaintance, 21% at the request of an association, while 7% did so for the purchase of a product associated with a case and 3% for other
unclear reasons. In short, the religious dimension and the network of friends and acquaintances are the main motivations for donations as
far as individuals are concerned.

At the level of large companies, although their main motivation is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), the conditions for donation vary
from one company to another. However, the majority of the companies targeted by this study often carry out lobbying actions with the
State through direct donations to ministries and institutions or via local authorities. However, some companies provide direct assistance to
local organizations that approach them. This is the case, for example, with the BOA foundation, which already funded the construction of
health centers through the identification of the needs of a local organization or a contact person. The same is true for the Orange Burkina
Faso foundation, which sometimes launches calls for projects for organizations in the health area. Their last call for projects concerned the
Programme “Villages and Maternal and Child Health 2019” which consisted in the installation of one (or more) drinking water points, a first
aid health center and a school in each village, having identified these 3 aspects as essential for local development.

11
 CHALLENGES

Photo top
Awareness-raising session

Photo bottom
Meeting with the members of a
cooperative.

Photo right
Visit to a cooperative work

4.2 CHALLENGES RELATED TO RESOURCES

MOBILIZATION

Although the study noted a potential for donation in Burkina Faso, it is clear that resource
mobilization through crowdfunding is still a challenge. These are:

- The inaccessibility of donations at the level of large companies: organizations

have difficult of access to donations at the corporate level. The companies choose
to directly deal with beneficiaries through foundations or projects for the benefit
of the State.

- Broken pledges: donations, whether they come from individuals or companies,

are often tainted with false promises, particularly during fundraising events. This
situation creates discomfort and affect the credibility of the donor structures
12 towards their targets.
- The propensity for donations to individuals for disaster, - The "political business" of some large companies: some
calamity or emergency situations than for development companies have a propensity to make large donations when
projects: in a development context where everything seems a it is often a cause supported by the State (the government and
matter of priority, individuals are more likely to make donations its departments, politicians, etc.) with the aim of improving the
to resolve emergency situations than to support development rating of their relationships with the government and benefiting
projects over a certain period. Most celebrities who raise funds from any advantages (public contracts, facilities related to their
using images or photos of people in distress (illness, accidents, expansion, etc.).
etc.) or highlighting the impacts of a disaster (Covid) use this
gateway;
In view of all these challenges, it should be noted that fundraising in
- The purposes of donations for advertising or marketing Burkina Faso as everywhere in Africa is an adventure that requires a lot
purposes and value-based conflicts: Most companies that of patience, resilience, sensitivity, courage and commitment. In order
make donations as part of their Corporate Social to address these challenges, the need for education, awareness-raising
Responsibility aim, through organisations, at cleaning up and advocacy with companies and individuals (people) is essential.
their image, but above all at reaching a target audience. It is also important to develop strategies for resource mobilization
The most common challenges are value-based conflicts from Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), which, even if they
between the scope of the actions of the donor company have the particularity of giving small amounts, offer the advantage
(corruption scandal, non-compliance with employees’ of remaining relatively more accessible and cause less value-based
rights, abuse, overexploitation of the country's natural conflicts.
resources, non-compliance with moral values, etc.) and the
organisations raising funds, which do not want to sacrifice 13
their values through the prism of resource mobilization.
 LAGALITY

V.
LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF
PHILANTHROPY IN
BURKINA FASO

In Burkina Faso, there are no texts and laws that strictly regulate
non-profit fundraising operations. However, in the context of
the fight against money laundering and terrorism, a law was
adopted in 2015 following the evolution of the security context
in connection with the financing of terrorism. This is the Law
No. 016-2016/AN on the fight against money laundering and the
financing of terrorism in Burkina Faso. The scope covers non-
profit organizations in Article 4.

In addition, for the organisation of particular fundraising

activities at the national level, some organisations for reasons
of transparency and credibility, use the services of a notary in
accordance with the areas of competence of the notary or judicial
officer.

14
 VI.
OVERVIEW OF
SOME COMMUNITY
PHILANTHROPY INITIATIVES
OF 4 ORGANISATIONS

6.1 BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF 4 OPI

The table below summarizes the activities of 4 organisations promoting the initiative.

Table 2 : Brief introduction of organisations promoting the initiative

Organisations Date of establishment Intervention areas Coverage areas

- Transformational leadership

- Advocate for the development of a

Established in 2011
favorable context for the promotion
(acknowledgement, July
IPBF of young girls and women well-being Zorgho, Fada N’Gourma and Bobo
2012)
- Organizational and institutional
capacity building.

- Gils’ education
Mobilization of local and - Sexual and Reproductive Health
9/13 regions (apart from Cascades,
ADEP external Established in - Violence and gender
Sud-Ouest and Sahel)
1995 - Civility/citizenship
- Female Entrepreneurship

Aspects : Social development (Health,

Education, Human Rights Promotion)
Munyu Women’s Regions of Cascades and Hauts
Established in March 1992 – Economic development - WASH –
Association Bassins
Institutional development – Commu-
nication

Education, women economic em-

Centre nord, Plateau central and
ACCED November 12, 2001 powerment, hygiene and sanitation,
Boucle du Mouhoun
health.

15
 INITIATIVES

6.2 SOME COMMUNITY

PHILANTHROPY INITIATIVES
OF 4 OPI
6.2.1 INITIATIVES OF IPBF
The experiences of IPBF in terms of community philanthropy
initiatives are recent. As part of this study, three (03) initiatives
were identified. These are :

• IPBF Female Fund : it aims at supporting the initiatives of

women's organisations in nine (09) countries of the French-
speaking African sub-region through small grants per call
for projects. The fund was launched at the end of June 2020.
Therefore, any result cannot be presented and capitalized.

• Granting of microcredit to members: : the experiment

with members who are up to date with their membership
fees went well and no reimbursement issue was recorded.

• Internal solidarity fund : contribution of members

according to procedures which aims at supporting them
during happy or unhappy events.

6.2.2 INITIATIVES OF ADEP The Pugsada Support and Awakening Association (ADEP) since its establishment carried out several activities that
can be considered as community philanthropy initiatives. As part of this study, three (03) specific initiatives got our attention. These are:

a) School sponsorship for young girls : since 2005, with the b) Establishment of groups of young girls : since 2007, ADEP
support of its partners, ADEP sponsored several young girls in supported young girls to form groups and implement projects
need. To this end, it carried out a national fundraising campaign with a view to empowering themselves much more easily. As such,
called "I sponsor a girl, I change the world" and a gala dinner five (05) groups were established in five municipalities and the
in 2012. This campaign helped to raise around ten million CFA members carry out agro-food processing and soap production
against a target of sixty million. Despite the challenges, the activities. They produce and sell together, then redistribute
results of the project are however encouraging. In fact, from one part of the profit. The other part is used as working capital.
2012 to date, ADEP supported 180 girls from school primary and ADEP also has a reception, training, and social and economic
secondary school, and university. integration centre for vulnerable young girls in Ouagadougou.

Moreover, it should be noted that ADEP works on the establishment of savings and credit groups in some areas and has an internal solidarity
fund for its members and staff. In addition, ADEP is occasionally committed in the resale of some products of these groups as well as in the sale
of gadgets to mobilize resources and support the beneficiaries of these various projects.

16
6.2.3 INITIATIVES OF THE MUNYU WOMEN’S ASSOCIATION The
Pugsada Founded on a philanthropy-based approach, the Munyu
Women’s Association since its establishment in 1992 carried out
many philanthropy initiatives. The main initiatives are described
below:

a) Traditional savings mechanisms called ‘Tontines’: d) Community health insurance funds:

These are mainly ‘tontines’ in cash and in kind, directly managed With the support of the NGO ASMADE, the Munyu Women’s
by the association. To date, the 205 groups that make up the Association was able to establish five (05) functional health
association organize their own ‘tontines’ and enable women to insurance funds in 5 municipalities as part of the Universal Health
save money and empower themselves. Insurance.

b) Community grant: e) Community radio:

this grant helps to strengthen the organizational capacities of born from the will of members who contributed in any kind, this
rural women's groups with an emphasis on collective savings radio is the voice of women in the Cascades region with regard to
based on the methodology of Village Savings and Credit its large audience.
Associations (VSLA), accounting, and reinvestment of profits in a
revolving fund. In addition, the association developed many other high impact
initiatives, including the installation of a multifunctional platform
c) Modulated grant for family latrines through the CLTS
in Damana and a rice parboiling unit in Douna for the benefit of its
approach:
members.
This is an approach that eliminates the practice of Open
Defecation (OD). This means that households invest in the access
to appropriate latrines, and ensure proper use and cleaning of
latrines.

6.2.4 INITIATIVES OF ACCED COMMUNITY MICROFINANCE (AVEC)

ACCED already experienced the establishment of village savings and loan associations. Between 2016 and 2017, 30 formal savings groups
were established in 14 villages with a total of 715 members. In terms of results, the funds raised helped women to contract loans within the
group in order to carry out IGAs (trade, livestock breeding and gardening) and improve their living conditions. This allowed the strengthening
of the bonds of solidarity between them.

In addition, ACCED has a reception center for young girls who are victims of sexual violence as well as for street children. To ensure their
integration, the center provides opportunities for increasing their employability by allowing them to benefit from technical and vocational
training on various themes: sewing, mechanics, carpentry, etc. Training in everyday life skills is also ensured, particularly in financial education
and the foundations of life in society.

6.3 ANALYSIS OF STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF ORGANISATIONS PROMOTING THE INITIATIVE

Table 3 : Table of strengths and weaknesses of 4 organisations promoting the initiative

Strengths (+) Weaknesses (-)

• Relevant experience in implementing community philanthropy • Low experience of working in a consortium

• Strong networking • Limited capacity in human resources, number and skills
• Experience in accountability • Low financial capacity
• Strong commitment in promoting women and youth rights • Low level of English language proficiency
• Strong community solidarity

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 INITIATIVE 2

VII. IMPLEMENTATION OF
A COMMUNITY PHILANTHROPY a key role in the establishment of the Makutano Community

INITIATIVE IN BURKINA FASO Development Association, said, “In Kenya people are not poor
because they lack resources; they are poor because they do
not know how to efficiently use the available resources. "

In this part, we will talk about community philanthropy initiatives

Moreover, even if most philanthropic organizations are located in
developed in Africa, namely in Kenya and Egypt, as well as some
the North, some were identified in Africa such as the Foundation
community philanthropy foundations.
Trust Africa in Senegal and the Global Found for Community
Foundation in South Africa. These organizations support the
7.1 OVERVIEW OF SOME COMMUNITY PHILANTHROPY INITIATIVES philanthropy initiatives of community organisations through
IN AFRICA grants.

Exploring other experiences of community philanthropy in Africa, 7.2 OPPORTUNITY FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A
the study found that countries such as Kenya, South Africa and Egypt COMMUNITY FOUNDATION
have a strong valued and interesting experience useful for this project
promoted by four organizations. These include the experiences of As this study helped to identify and analyze some community
the Kenyan Community Development Foundation (KCDF), the Merti philanthropy initiatives in Burkina Faso and Africa, one would be
Integrated Development Program (MID-P), the Makutano Community tempted to ask the legitimate question of knowing how to draw
Development Association and the South Sinai Community Foundation. inspiration from all these achievements so that they can really
All of these organizations work with and for the well-being of their benefit communities. What type of structure or mechanism
communities. In this regard, Raphael Masika, a local chief who played should be implemented to promote community philanthropy
in Burkina Faso? Is it a community foundation? Is it a fund?
Table 4 : Strengths and limits of a foundation and a fund.

Description Strengths Limits

Separate legal status for each organisation;

Greater confidence and credibility with partners due to its legal
Heavy mechanism to manage because
status;Possibility of participating easily in calls for projects;
it requires a lot of operating expenses;
Foundation Autonomy in management with control bodies. Existence of a
Also requires a little more investment.
regulatory framework through Law No. 008-2017 / AN on the
legal system applicable to foundations in Burkina Faso

Less suitable for consortium initiatives

Can be housed within an organization; because of the risk of conflict of
Less heaviness in management (easy to manage); interest;Administrative and financial
Fund Less operating costs. management solely under the
Lack of a formal regulatory framework responsibility of the organisation
hosting the fund.

Based on the table above, the foundation has the advantage of having a separate legal status different from the status of each of the
organisations promoting the initiative. It will further allow the organisations which will establish a foundation to have autonomy in its
management through control bodies.

In this regard, the community foundation is an opportunity for the organisations carrying out this project because, as a local development
organisation, it mobilizes and manages funds to distribute them within the community. It will help donors achieve their philanthropy goals
by supporting a wide range of community activities. It can also play a role in management, ensuring that the endowment funds of other
charities grow, and will be used in various areas, such as social services, health, art, education, economic empowerment and environment. In
short, all community foundations are based on the same principle: collecting philanthropy donations both locally and externally, combining
them into a single portfolio and using them to support charity for the benefit of the community.

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VIII. MAIN
RECOMMENDATIONS
COMMUNITY PHILANTHROPY INITIATIVES TO
BE PROMOTED
Table 5 : Community philanthropy initiatives to be promoted
In Burkina Faso, community organisations carry
out various community philanthropy initiatives. Aspects Initiatives to be promoted
They help vulnerable people, who are the major
targets of their interventions, to mobilize local
and external resources in order to address the Savings and credit groups, and IGAs
challenges they face, namely regarding their
Economic
empowerment. Initiatives to be developed Inter-community funding in the field of agriculture,
empowerment
forestry and livestock
under this project should aim at reducing the
bottlenecks that undermine the empowerment Restoration and sustainable management of land to the
benefit of women.
of youth and women.

T
Establishment of day-care centres for women in rural
hus, these community philanthropy
areas
initiatives identified and scaled up,
Social and
would greatly contribute to the Strengthen female leadership regarding conflict resolution
political
empowerment of the targets. In view empowerment Promote capacity building in personal growth by focusing
of the scarcity of development aid resources, it on the needs of youth and women to fight stereotypes
is highly recommended to focus on cascading
funding initiatives which help to reach more Promote community health insurance scheme
people by favoring the snowball effect with a
view to strength solidarity between people. NB.: Prioritize the development of programs on the empowerment of youth and women
to be implemented in consortium by the founders of the foundation.

MANAGEMENT MECHANISM OF THE FOUNDATION

In order to ensure an efficient management which favours transparency, accountability, it is recommended to implement the following
management tools or mechanisms:

Administrative and financial procedures manual;

Development strategic plan over 5 or 10 years accompanied by an operational action plan;
Organizational chart: establish an organizational chart which defines roles and responsibilities of the managing team.

Moreover, for the foundation board, the survey suggests that its management should be rotating for one (01) year maximum per organisation.
Thus, each organisation will have one year to exercise its leadership and effectively take part in the foundation management.

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 RESOURCE MOBILIZATION

For an efficient resource mobilization, the foundation should develop a resource mobilization strategy. However,
these are some examples of resource mobilization strategies:

Strategy development for the financial autonomy of the foundation:

• Carry out IGAs (room rental, accommodation, catering, etc.)

• Make capital investment to generate interest.

Internal resource mobilization

• Promote donation during particular events (celebrations, memorial days, …)

• Organize simple fundraising events (gala evening) as long as this does not really result in
additional costs.
• Mobilize in-kind contributions
• Try to gain contributions from large companies through partnerships, by often involving some contact
persons (remember that this can take several months).
• Mobilize resources from Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), which, even if they have the
particularity of giving small amounts, are relatively more accessible and cause less value-based conflicts.
• Develop a catchy concept related to the empowerment of women by involving celebrities and undertake
communication and mobilization action through social networks.
• Organize awareness-raising and advocacy activities on the need to invest for the empowerment of youth
and women, by targeting companies.
• Encourage volunteering within communities
• Etc.

External resource mobilization

• Organize study trips with community foundations in Africa and North American countries for learning;
• Build strong partnerships and integrate the funding networks of foundations;
• Organize a mobilization with the Burkina Faso’s diaspora (Côte d’Ivoire, Gabon, France, Italy, Canada and
United States);
• Organize online fundraising campaigns via some fundraising and crowdfunding websites.
• Etc.

COMMUNICATION

• Develop a communication plan to promote local development initiatives and mobilize resources both
internally and externally;
• Create a dynamic website that can be linked to an online fundraising platform and/or create a regularly
updated Facebook page;
• Increase the visibility of the foundation at the national level through a communication campaign, in
particular on social networks and organize conferences in the regions so that the targeted communities can
take ownership of the initiative.

CAPACITY BUILDING

• Organize training sessions on community philanthropy and resource mobilization strategies;

• Build the capacities of the founders on leadership, project management, women and youth
empowerment and conflict management;
take ownership of the initiative.
• Build the capacities of founders in English;
• Establish a (physical or virtual) laboratory to share best practices and resources.

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 MANAGEMENT OF THE RISKS RELATED TO THE PROJECT

Table 6 : Management of the risks related to the project

Risks Probability Impact Prevention Mitigation

Clear definition of roles and Implementation of procedure

Conflict of interest responsibilities of each stakeholder. manuals. Coordination of consul-
Very likely Very high
between OPI Development of procedure manuals tation frameworks

Clearly separate cash donations from

Actions for accountability
pledges.
Broken pledges Likely High Accountable management
Don't always rely on pledges

Analyze the context of the project Ongoing monitoring;

Precarious security
Very likely Very high intervention areas and assess the Training in security
situation
feasibility before any grant

Awareness-raising on youth and wom- Involve opinion or traditional lead-

en empowerment ers for internal fundraising.
Low internal fundrais-
Likely High Development of IGAs
ing for individuals
Advocacy on gender issues Actions for accountability

Low internal fundrais- Build partnership relationships

Target people who could serve as a
ing with large compa- Likely High with large companies in the long
front door within these companies
nies term
Define the responsibilities and roles of
each organisation.
Develop a code of conduct to be Develop digital collaborative plat-
Low availability of OPI Likely High
observed. forms to hold some meetings
Establish a work schedule.

Natural disaster
Comply with the instructions and
(Covid-19 pandemic, Likely Low Disaster monitoring
advice to avoid the effects
etc.)
Diversification of external partners
International financial
Likely Low Development of IGAs Promote internal fundraising
crisis

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 CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION

C
ommunity philanthropy is a development approach that involves gaining the support of community
members and leveraging community resources in such a way that the community can best meet the
challenges and improve their quality of life.

This study had many objectives. This included the mapping of the various experiences in the field of
community philanthropy in Burkina Faso and identification of the issues, challenges and constraints
related to the establishment of the initiative and the community fund for women and girls in Burkina Faso, etc. The
study that contributed to the achievement of these objectives, helped to establish a baseline situation regarding the
various forms and practices of philanthropy in Burkina Faso. It also involved an assessment of the perceptions of
philanthropists within the communities, in particular for women and young girls’ rights promotion, in order to develop
a good strategy aiming at increasing the effectiveness and sustainability of resource mobilization activities. In addition,
the study identified traditional forms of solidarity practiced by the ethnic communities in Burkina Faso.

Several types of stakeholders collect, distribute and make donations, each with various motivations and strategies.
Burkina Faso has a great potential for donation both at the level of individuals and legal entities for the benefit of
vulnerable groups. However, although the study identified a great potential for donation, it is clear that mobilizing
resources through crowdfunding requires a lot of patience, endurance, sensitivity, courage and commitment.

The four organisations promoting the initiative are developing various initiatives related to community philanthropy.
They demonstrate their ability to implement this project and establish a community philanthropy foundation in
Burkina Faso. However, their low financial and organizational capacity limits this ambition.

By reflecting on its sustainability, the future community philanthropy foundation will have to draw inspiration from
other experiences of African foundations, establish efficient management and operating tools, and work for the
financial autonomy of the organisation. This should help the foundation to focus on investment (instead of impact)
which became an important aspect of philanthropy around the world. It is therefore necessary to create a community
of practice on this subject and find a way to mobilize other stakeholders.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. ASSOCIATION 3535 in partnership with the Global Fund for Community Foundations (GFCF) ; Philanthropie
communautaire en Côte d’Ivoire : Etat des lieux et quel regard vers le futur ? March 2019 ; 17 pages

2. Dana R.H. Doan ; Qu’est-ce que la philanthropie communautaire ? Guide pour comprendre et appliquer la
philanthropie communautaire ; 14 pages

3. Canadian Philanthropy Research Network ; Les métiers de la philanthropie, February 2019 ; 66 pages

4. Mallet Institute ; Actes du Sommet 2015 sur l’Ecosystème philanthropique : perspectives, perceptions et
échanges ; 216 pages.

5. Honoré Gbedan ; Cahier de recherche sur La philanthropie en Afrique : cas de l’Égypte, du Kenya, de l’Afrique
du Sud, du Mozambique et du Ghana ; December 2018 ; 19 pages.

6. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) ; Fondations philanthropiques et coopération
pour le développement, 2003 ; 89 pages.

7. Law n°008-2017/AN on legal system applicable to foundations in Burkina Faso; adopted on January 23, 2017.

WEBOGRAPHIC REFERENCES
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9. [Link] visited on March 28, 2020

10. [Link]
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