EVS ASSIGNMENT
History of
Enviornmentalim
in India
NAME: AASHVI VIG
ROLL NO: 24/BAP/002
Introduction
The history of environmentalism in India is a rich tapestry woven
from ancient traditions, cultural values, and modern activism. Rooted
in the country's profound connection to nature, environmental
awareness can be traced back to ancient texts and practices that
emphasized the importance of living in harmony with the earth. Over
the decades, this awareness evolved, particularly in response to
colonial exploitation and post-independence industrialization. The
rise of environmental movements in the late 20th century,
exemplified by initiatives like the Chipko Movement and the
Narmada Bachao Andolan, highlighted the urgent need for
sustainable practices and conservation. Today, India faces significant
environmental challenges, but its vibrant history of activism
continues to inspire efforts toward ecological justice and sustainable
development.
Today, India faces significant environmental challenges, but
its vibrant history of activism continues to inspire efforts
toward ecological justice and sustainable development.
Ancient
Environmental
Practices
Ancient environmental practices in India reflect a deep-rooted reverence
for nature, emphasizing sustainability and coexistence. Texts like the
Vedas and Upanishads highlight the spiritual significance of natural
elements, advocating for harmony between humans and the
environment. Traditional practices included sacred groves, where certain
trees and plants were protected, and rituals that celebrated seasonal
changes, promoting conservation.
Agriculture during this period was guided by ecological principles, such
as crop rotation and organic farming methods, which ensured soil health
and biodiversity. Communities revered rivers, mountains, and forests as
vital sources of life, leading to practices that minimized exploitation and
maintained ecological balance. This ancient wisdom laid the foundation
for contemporary environmental thought, showcasing a legacy of respect
and stewardship toward the earth.
Post-Independence
Developments
Post-independence developments in India saw a significant shift
in environmental awareness and policy, driven by rapid
industrialization and urbanization. The focus on economic growth
often led to the exploitation of natural resources, resulting in
pollution and ecological degradation. In response, the Indian
government began to recognize the need for environmental
protection, enacting key legislation such as the Water (Prevention
and Control of Pollution) Act in 1974 and the Environmental
Protection Act in 1986.
These laws aimed to address environmental challenges and
promote sustainable practices. Additionally, the rise of
environmental movements and activism during this period
highlighted the importance of conservation, leading to increased
public awareness and engagement in environmental issues. This
era marked a crucial turning point in India's approach to
balancing development with ecological sustainability.
Key
Environmental
Movements
CHIPKO MOVENMENT: The Chipko Movement, launched in the 1970s in
Uttarakhand, aimed to protect forests from logging by empowering local
communities, particularly women, to assert their rights over natural
resources. Its impactful tree-hugging protests led to a ban on
deforestation in certain areas and inspired widespread ecological
awareness and activism across India.
NARMADA BACHAO ANDOLAN: The Narmada Bachao Andolan, initiated in
the 1980s, advocated against large dam projects on the Narmada River,
emphasizing the rights of displaced communities and environmental
sustainability. Its efforts successfully raised awareness about the social
and ecological impacts of such projects, influencing policy debates and
promoting alternative development models.
CONCLUSION
The history of environmentalism in India is a testament to
the country's deep-rooted connection with nature and the
enduring spirit of its people. From ancient practices that
revered ecological balance to contemporary movements that
advocate for sustainable development, India's journey
reflects a growing awareness of environmental issues. Key
movements like the Chipko Movement and the Narmada
Bachao Andolan have not only shaped public consciousness
but also influenced policy decisions and fostered community
resilience. As India faces pressing environmental challenges
today, the lessons learned from its rich history of activism
and stewardship will be crucial in guiding future efforts
toward a more sustainable and equitable relationship with
the environment.
References
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bachao-andolan/
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/environment/76-years-of-environmentalism-91184
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Evolution-of-Indias-environmental-policy-post-
independence_fig1_353901958
https://www.mysuperhumanrace.com/story-details/NDkyNw==/sustainability-from-ancient-india
Thank
you very
much!
